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人到中年该如何保持身材?

人到中年该如何保持身材?

KEYDRA MANNS 2024-03-27
要保持身材,仅仅锻炼身体还不够。

图片来源:GETTY IMAGES

春天来了,夏天也就不远了,各年龄段的人都开始认真对待自己的健身目标,以求保持体形。但“保持体形”究竟意味着什么?答案很复杂,而且取决于你询问的对象。

纽约市纽约长老会布鲁克林卫理公会医院康复医学科主任、整骨医生阿萨德·西迪奇说:“不同的情景下,'保持体形'可能有不同的含义,并没有放之四海而皆准的定义。”

不过,专家们普遍认为,这一概念可以归结为保持健康的体重、定期锻炼身体以及通过均衡饮食获得充足的营养。西迪奇补充说:“对我来说,保持体形意味着一个人体力佳,柔韧性强,能够完成日常任务,并享受充实生活。”

通过锻炼身体来保持体形

美国运动医学会(American College of Sports and Medicine)指南建议成年人每周进行150分钟中等强度的活动。进行身体活动对保持体形至关重要,但大多数成年人都做不到。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的一项较早的研究,只有28%的美国人经常参加体育锻炼,而且随着年龄的增长,运动量会逐渐减少。西迪奇说,现在开始运动还为时不晚,进行任何形式的运动都比什么都不做强。西迪奇说:“把运动当作一种投资,这不仅是为了我们今天的健康,更是为了我们今后的生活。”

健康饮食

除了锻炼身体,专家们还表示,保持良好的饮食习惯对于保持体形至关重要。洛杉矶一家专门从事减肥和营养教育的私人诊所On the Weigh的老板、注册营养师露丝·弗里奇曼说:“第一步是健康饮食。”为了确保饮食均衡,弗里奇曼建议所有年龄段和性别的客户将餐盘分成四个分区:四分之一是蛋白质,四分之一是碳水化合物,剩下的是蔬菜。这种食物组合能提供能量,以及身体运作所需的维生素和营养物质。

除了这些基本建议,以下小贴士将帮助你在各年龄组里保持最佳状态。

如何在30多岁时保持体形

在30多岁时,你可能会发现最喜爱的牛仔裤可能不太合身了,身体也不如20多岁时那么柔韧性强。这可能是由于体内脂肪增加和肌肉量减少。除了制定运动和营养计划来保持强健体魄外,你还应该注重预防慢性病。

弗里奇曼还建议坚持血液检查,以确保营养水平、心脏、甲状腺和肾脏处于良好状态。弗里奇曼还建议,在控制体重时,应保持在身体质量指数(BMI)范围内。虽然最近有人批评身体质量指数这一工具并不准确,但弗里奇曼说:“我相信身体质量指数,因为超重会引起炎症,从而导致糖尿病和高胆固醇等早期健康问题。”

如何在40多岁时保持体形

40多岁是荷尔蒙和体力水平下降的时期,可能会出现骨关节炎和高血压等健康问题。为了防患于未然,西迪奇建议,应针对具体健康问题定制健康计划。他说:“也许你发现自己的胆固醇或血糖有点高,那么你就需要调整运动和饮食方式,以帮助降低胆固醇或血糖。”

如何在50多岁时保持体形

50多岁是保持体形的黄金时期,因为你正在为后半生做准备。到了这个年龄,新陈代谢开始减慢,女性开始进入更年期,骨骼也可能变得更加脆弱。西迪奇建议把注意力集中在能提高平衡能力和力量的健身计划上,他推荐太极等锻炼方式。

为了补齐新陈代谢缓慢这一短板,弗里奇曼建议少吃多餐。她还建议,如果不能从食物中摄取足够的营养,可以向医生咨询自己可能需要哪种膳食补充剂。有些人随着年龄的增长,钙等矿物质会减少,而钙是强健骨骼所必需的。

但弗里奇曼最重要的建议适合所有年龄段的人:“享受生活,做让自己快乐的事。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

春天来了,夏天也就不远了,各年龄段的人都开始认真对待自己的健身目标,以求保持体形。但“保持体形”究竟意味着什么?答案很复杂,而且取决于你询问的对象。

纽约市纽约长老会布鲁克林卫理公会医院康复医学科主任、整骨医生阿萨德·西迪奇说:“不同的情景下,'保持体形'可能有不同的含义,并没有放之四海而皆准的定义。”

不过,专家们普遍认为,这一概念可以归结为保持健康的体重、定期锻炼身体以及通过均衡饮食获得充足的营养。西迪奇补充说:“对我来说,保持体形意味着一个人体力佳,柔韧性强,能够完成日常任务,并享受充实生活。”

通过锻炼身体来保持体形

美国运动医学会(American College of Sports and Medicine)指南建议成年人每周进行150分钟中等强度的活动。进行身体活动对保持体形至关重要,但大多数成年人都做不到。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的一项较早的研究,只有28%的美国人经常参加体育锻炼,而且随着年龄的增长,运动量会逐渐减少。西迪奇说,现在开始运动还为时不晚,进行任何形式的运动都比什么都不做强。西迪奇说:“把运动当作一种投资,这不仅是为了我们今天的健康,更是为了我们今后的生活。”

健康饮食

除了锻炼身体,专家们还表示,保持良好的饮食习惯对于保持体形至关重要。洛杉矶一家专门从事减肥和营养教育的私人诊所On the Weigh的老板、注册营养师露丝·弗里奇曼说:“第一步是健康饮食。”为了确保饮食均衡,弗里奇曼建议所有年龄段和性别的客户将餐盘分成四个分区:四分之一是蛋白质,四分之一是碳水化合物,剩下的是蔬菜。这种食物组合能提供能量,以及身体运作所需的维生素和营养物质。

除了这些基本建议,以下小贴士将帮助你在各年龄组里保持最佳状态。

如何在30多岁时保持体形

在30多岁时,你可能会发现最喜爱的牛仔裤可能不太合身了,身体也不如20多岁时那么柔韧性强。这可能是由于体内脂肪增加和肌肉量减少。除了制定运动和营养计划来保持强健体魄外,你还应该注重预防慢性病。

弗里奇曼还建议坚持血液检查,以确保营养水平、心脏、甲状腺和肾脏处于良好状态。弗里奇曼还建议,在控制体重时,应保持在身体质量指数(BMI)范围内。虽然最近有人批评身体质量指数这一工具并不准确,但弗里奇曼说:“我相信身体质量指数,因为超重会引起炎症,从而导致糖尿病和高胆固醇等早期健康问题。”

如何在40多岁时保持体形

40多岁是荷尔蒙和体力水平下降的时期,可能会出现骨关节炎和高血压等健康问题。为了防患于未然,西迪奇建议,应针对具体健康问题定制健康计划。他说:“也许你发现自己的胆固醇或血糖有点高,那么你就需要调整运动和饮食方式,以帮助降低胆固醇或血糖。”

如何在50多岁时保持体形

50多岁是保持体形的黄金时期,因为你正在为后半生做准备。到了这个年龄,新陈代谢开始减慢,女性开始进入更年期,骨骼也可能变得更加脆弱。西迪奇建议把注意力集中在能提高平衡能力和力量的健身计划上,他推荐太极等锻炼方式。

为了补齐新陈代谢缓慢这一短板,弗里奇曼建议少吃多餐。她还建议,如果不能从食物中摄取足够的营养,可以向医生咨询自己可能需要哪种膳食补充剂。有些人随着年龄的增长,钙等矿物质会减少,而钙是强健骨骼所必需的。

但弗里奇曼最重要的建议适合所有年龄段的人:“享受生活,做让自己快乐的事。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

As spring rolls in with summer not far behind, people of all ages begin to get serious about their fitness goals and getting in shape. But what exactly does being “in shape” mean? The answer is complex and depends on who you ask.

“Being in shape can mean different things depending on the context,” says Asad Siddiqi, D.O., chief of rehabilitation medicine at New York Presbyterian-Brooklyn Methodist Hospital in New York City. There is no one-size-fits-all definition.

Still, experts typically agree that the concept boils down to maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and receiving adequate nutrition through a balanced diet. “To me, being in shape means a person has the physical strength and flexibility to accomplish daily tasks and enjoys a fulfilling life,” adds Siddiqi.

Exercise to stay in shape

The American College of Sports and Medicine guidelines recommend adults get 150 minutes of moderate-intensity weekly activity. Moving your body is vital to staying in shape, but most adults fall short. According to an older study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only 28% of Americans are physically active, and that activity level steadily declines with age. Siddiqi says it’s never too late to start moving and that doing anything is better than nothing. “Think about exercise as an investment,” says Siddiqi, “not just for our health today, but for the rest of our life.”

Eating healthfully

Aside from moving your body, experts say maintaining a good diet is crucial for getting—and staying—in shape. “The first step is healthy eating,” says registered dietitian nutritionist Ruth Frechman, owner of On the Weigh, a private practice that specializes in weight loss and nutrition education in Los Angeles. To ensure a balanced diet, Frechman advises clients of all ages and genders to visually divide their plate into quarters: one quarter should be protein, one quarter should be carbs, and the rest should be vegetables. This food combo gives you energy and contains the vitamins and nutrients your body needs to function.

Aside from these basics, the following tips will help you look and feel your best in every decade.

How to stay in shape in your 30s

Around your third decade, you may notice your favorite jeans may fit a little differently, and you’re less flexible than you were in your 20s. This is likely due to an increase in body fat and a loss of muscle mass. In addition to establishing an exercise and nutrition regimen to help keep your body strong, you should focus on chronic condition prevention.

Frechman also recommends staying on top of your blood work to ensure nutrient levels, and heart, thyroid, and kidneys are in good standing. Frenchman also recommends staying within your body mass index (BMI) range when managing your weight. Though BMI has recently been criticized as an inaccurate tool, Frenchman says “I’m a believer in BMI because extra weight causes inflammation, which can lead to early health conditions, like diabetes and high cholesterol.”

How to stay in shape in your 40s

Your 40s are when hormone and strength levels decrease, and health conditions, like osteoarthritis may and high blood pressure may arise. To nip aliments in the bud, your wellness routine should be customized to address your specific health concerns, advises Siddiqi. “Maybe you’ve noticed that your cholesterol or blood sugar is a little high, you’ll need to adjust to a type of exercise and diet that might help reduce it,” he says.

How to stay in shape in your 50s

Your 50s are a prime time for getting in shape because you’re setting the stage for your second half of life. Your metabolism begins to slow down at this age, women start to experience menopause, and bones may become more fragile. Siddiqi suggests focusing on a fitness routine that improves balance and strength, he recommends workouts like Tai Chi.

To make up for a slower metabolism, Frechman advises eating smaller meals. She also suggests talking to your doctor about which dietary supplements you may need if you aren’t getting adequate nutrition from your food. Some people have a decrease in minerals like calcium as they age, which is necessary for strong bones.

But Frenchman’s most important advice is appropriate for all ages: “Enjoy life and do what makes you happy.”

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