立即打开
聘请这位大拿,微软AI再领先一步

聘请这位大拿,微软AI再领先一步

Dina Bass, 彭博社 2024-03-24
苏莱曼曾连续创立DeepMind和Inflection两家AI明星公司

Inflection AI公司首席执行官穆斯塔法·苏莱曼。图片来源:PATRICK T. FALLON—AFP/GETTY IMAGES

软件巨头微软(Microsoft Corp.)希望在竞争激烈的人工智能产品市场抗衡Alphabet旗下的谷歌(Google)。微软任命穆斯塔法·苏莱曼担任消费者人工智能部门的负责人,他招聘的大多数员工都来自他的初创公司Inflection AI。

苏莱曼参与创建了谷歌的DeepMind,他在微软将直接对首席执行官萨蒂亚·纳德拉负责,并主管一系列项目,例如把AI Copilot整合到Windows系统,并在必应(Bing)搜索引擎添加对话元素等。苏莱曼的加入是微软首次有一位领导者全权负责消费者人工智能业务。

作为微软关键人工智能合作伙伴OpenAI的竞争对手,Inflection将停止开发Pi消费者聊天机器人,转为向企业销售人工智能软件。Inflection的联合创始人卡伦·西蒙尼杨将加入微软,担任新消费者人工智能部门的首席科学家。

过去一年,纳德拉围绕OpenAI的人工智能技术,对公司的主要产品进行了更新。在Copilot品牌下,微软把人工智能助手整合到Windows、消费者和企业办公软件、必应以及安全工具等产品当中。面对谷歌等公司的竞争,纳德拉在OpenAI数十亿美元的投资,让微软获得了先行者优势。然而,在公布人工智能增强版必应搜索13个月后,微软在搜索市场并没有抢占更多的份额,谷歌仍然占据市场主导地位。

苏莱曼在采访时表示:“我们想要确保,下一波潮流是消费者人工智能,希望微软能够创造出了不起的产品。”

新人的加入还意味着除了与OpenAI的合作关系以外,微软在增强内部人工智能能力和产品方面,又迈出了重要一步。上个月,微软在OpenAI的法国竞争对手Mistral AI投资了1,600万美元。微软称,纳德拉在3月18日将苏莱曼和他的团队加入微软的消息,告知了OpenAI的首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼。

OpenAI发言人在一份声明里说:“我们祝贺穆斯塔法和卡伦履新,期待与他们合作。我们与微软的合作基于利用为OpenAI开发的Azure超级计算机基础设施,以推动我们的研究并训练我们的下一代模型,这是我们的核心使命。我们还将继续开发有用的人工智能产品,比如ChatGPT,以广泛传播人工智能的好处,推动整个行业的创新,造福所有人。”

纳德拉表示,微软对与OpenAI的合作“态度非常坚定”。微软将继续为该初创公司提供云算力,以开发人工智能模型,并把模型应用到软件当中。苏莱曼的任务是将这些模型打造成有吸引力的、设计合理的消费者产品。苏莱曼说:“如今有许多尖端的预训练模型。我们现在所面临的真正挑战是如何把这些模型转变成实际产品。”

2023年6月,Inflection融资13亿美元,这是硅谷人工智能热潮期间规模最大的融资之一。当时,据知情人士透露,此轮融资对这家初创公司的估值为40亿美元。该初创公司成立有两年时间,除了苏莱曼和西蒙尼杨以外,微软董事会成员里德·霍夫曼也是其联合创始人,该公司的其他投资者包括微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨、谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特和英伟达(Nvidia Corp.)。

据知情人士透露,最近几个月,Inflection与多位投资者讨论了额外融资的事宜。该公司拒绝置评。

在生成式人工智能竞赛中落后于微软的谷歌,正在迎头赶上。今年2月,谷歌推出了对标OpenAI的ChatGPT的Gemini。但这次产品发布并不顺利。谷歌推出的一款可以生成逼真人物图像的工具,被批评其对种族的描述在历史上不准确,因此不得不将其下架。但本周早些时候,据彭博社(Bloomberg)报道,谷歌正在与苹果(Apple Inc.)谈判,可能把Gemini许可给苹果,为今年晚些时候发布的iPhone手机增加新功能。与苹果的合作将是谷歌迄今为止为Gemini开展的最引人瞩目的一次合作,这将加深两家公司在搜索领域的关系,使微软更难在智能手机领域抢占到更多的份额。

Inflection的聊天机器人Pi可以模仿人类对情绪的理解,并以辅助的方式与用户互动。苏莱曼表示,虽然该初创公司引起了包括微软在内的广大投资者的浓厚兴趣,而且拥有了100万日活跃用户,但它没有成功找到一种有效的商业模式。与此同时,纳德拉邀请他加入微软。

纳德拉在接受采访时称:“我们希望带来真正的竞争。美妙之处在于,当媒介发生变化时,这意味着我们有机会重新思考,浏览器意味着什么?操作系统又意味着什么?什么是助手?因此,这才是令人兴奋之处——并不是已经发生了什么,而是即将发生的事情——这是个人计算的重生。”

微软的消费者人工智能产品也存在自己的问题。必应最初在与一些用户聊天时变得过于私人化,令人不安,这迫使公司临时缩短了对话。今年2月,有用户报告称,Copilot生成了怪异的、令人不安的甚至有时候有害的回答。微软表示,用户故意操控Copilot生成了这些回答。本月,微软一名工程师致信董事会、国会议员和美国联邦贸易委员会(Federal Trade Commission),警告称微软没有采取足够的安全保障措施,以阻止其人工智能图像生成工具生成侮辱性和暴力的内容。

纳德拉指出,Inflection在语调方面所做的工作,以及新员工在人工智能软件初步发布之后所进行的训练,将在这方面发挥关键作用。他说:“Pi带来的一个关键启示是,预训练非常重要,而且是必要的,但这并不够。在人工智能领域,至少在产品开发方面,我们都意识到后训练步骤可能至关重要。”

DeepMind成立于2010年,四年后被谷歌收购。苏莱曼是公司的关键公众人物,他向政府官员和在活动中宣传人工智能的前景,以及人工智能技术所需要的道德保障措施。

然而,DeepMind的工作却在英国医疗行业备受批评。它的第一款健康产品是名为Streams的应用程序,最初被设计用于帮助医生发现存在急性肾脏损伤风险的患者。2017年7月,英国的数据隐私监管部门称,DeepMind在该项目中的合作伙伴伦敦皇家自由医院(London’s Royal Free Hospital),非法允许该公司访问160万名患者的病例。当时,苏莱曼在一份声明里进行了道歉。

据《金融时报》(Financial Times)报道,DeepMind的员工对他的管理风格不满。对于这些不满,苏莱曼说:“我真的很失败。我要求非常苛刻,而且不讲情面。”他补充道,他设定了“非常不合理的预期”,导致“一些人陷入非常艰难的环境。我对给人们造成的影响和伤害,依旧感到非常抱歉。”

2019年,苏莱曼被安排休假,几个月后前往谷歌,负责人工智能产品管理,直到2022年从谷歌离职。

在3月18日的采访中,苏莱曼表示,他在那段时间深刻认识到用户信任的必要性,他表示Pi的设计受到这些教训的重大影响。“我的收获之一是,信任绝对至关重要,对用户保持高度透明,反复做同样的事情,而且能够证明我们的产品不仅可靠,而且让用户感觉产品在他们的掌控之中。”

几年前,纳德拉在英国伦敦介绍他的书《刷新》(Hit Refresh)时,与苏莱曼结识,之后两人一直保持联系。几个月前,他们开始讨论苏莱曼加入微软的可能性。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

软件巨头微软(Microsoft Corp.)希望在竞争激烈的人工智能产品市场抗衡Alphabet旗下的谷歌(Google)。微软任命穆斯塔法·苏莱曼担任消费者人工智能部门的负责人,他招聘的大多数员工都来自他的初创公司Inflection AI。

苏莱曼参与创建了谷歌的DeepMind,他在微软将直接对首席执行官萨蒂亚·纳德拉负责,并主管一系列项目,例如把AI Copilot整合到Windows系统,并在必应(Bing)搜索引擎添加对话元素等。苏莱曼的加入是微软首次有一位领导者全权负责消费者人工智能业务。

作为微软关键人工智能合作伙伴OpenAI的竞争对手,Inflection将停止开发Pi消费者聊天机器人,转为向企业销售人工智能软件。Inflection的联合创始人卡伦·西蒙尼杨将加入微软,担任新消费者人工智能部门的首席科学家。

过去一年,纳德拉围绕OpenAI的人工智能技术,对公司的主要产品进行了更新。在Copilot品牌下,微软把人工智能助手整合到Windows、消费者和企业办公软件、必应以及安全工具等产品当中。面对谷歌等公司的竞争,纳德拉在OpenAI数十亿美元的投资,让微软获得了先行者优势。然而,在公布人工智能增强版必应搜索13个月后,微软在搜索市场并没有抢占更多的份额,谷歌仍然占据市场主导地位。

苏莱曼在采访时表示:“我们想要确保,下一波潮流是消费者人工智能,希望微软能够创造出了不起的产品。”

新人的加入还意味着除了与OpenAI的合作关系以外,微软在增强内部人工智能能力和产品方面,又迈出了重要一步。上个月,微软在OpenAI的法国竞争对手Mistral AI投资了1,600万美元。微软称,纳德拉在3月18日将苏莱曼和他的团队加入微软的消息,告知了OpenAI的首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼。

OpenAI发言人在一份声明里说:“我们祝贺穆斯塔法和卡伦履新,期待与他们合作。我们与微软的合作基于利用为OpenAI开发的Azure超级计算机基础设施,以推动我们的研究并训练我们的下一代模型,这是我们的核心使命。我们还将继续开发有用的人工智能产品,比如ChatGPT,以广泛传播人工智能的好处,推动整个行业的创新,造福所有人。”

纳德拉表示,微软对与OpenAI的合作“态度非常坚定”。微软将继续为该初创公司提供云算力,以开发人工智能模型,并把模型应用到软件当中。苏莱曼的任务是将这些模型打造成有吸引力的、设计合理的消费者产品。苏莱曼说:“如今有许多尖端的预训练模型。我们现在所面临的真正挑战是如何把这些模型转变成实际产品。”

2023年6月,Inflection融资13亿美元,这是硅谷人工智能热潮期间规模最大的融资之一。当时,据知情人士透露,此轮融资对这家初创公司的估值为40亿美元。该初创公司成立有两年时间,除了苏莱曼和西蒙尼杨以外,微软董事会成员里德·霍夫曼也是其联合创始人,该公司的其他投资者包括微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨、谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特和英伟达(Nvidia Corp.)。

据知情人士透露,最近几个月,Inflection与多位投资者讨论了额外融资的事宜。该公司拒绝置评。

在生成式人工智能竞赛中落后于微软的谷歌,正在迎头赶上。今年2月,谷歌推出了对标OpenAI的ChatGPT的Gemini。但这次产品发布并不顺利。谷歌推出的一款可以生成逼真人物图像的工具,被批评其对种族的描述在历史上不准确,因此不得不将其下架。但本周早些时候,据彭博社(Bloomberg)报道,谷歌正在与苹果(Apple Inc.)谈判,可能把Gemini许可给苹果,为今年晚些时候发布的iPhone手机增加新功能。与苹果的合作将是谷歌迄今为止为Gemini开展的最引人瞩目的一次合作,这将加深两家公司在搜索领域的关系,使微软更难在智能手机领域抢占到更多的份额。

Inflection的聊天机器人Pi可以模仿人类对情绪的理解,并以辅助的方式与用户互动。苏莱曼表示,虽然该初创公司引起了包括微软在内的广大投资者的浓厚兴趣,而且拥有了100万日活跃用户,但它没有成功找到一种有效的商业模式。与此同时,纳德拉邀请他加入微软。

纳德拉在接受采访时称:“我们希望带来真正的竞争。美妙之处在于,当媒介发生变化时,这意味着我们有机会重新思考,浏览器意味着什么?操作系统又意味着什么?什么是助手?因此,这才是令人兴奋之处——并不是已经发生了什么,而是即将发生的事情——这是个人计算的重生。”

微软的消费者人工智能产品也存在自己的问题。必应最初在与一些用户聊天时变得过于私人化,令人不安,这迫使公司临时缩短了对话。今年2月,有用户报告称,Copilot生成了怪异的、令人不安的甚至有时候有害的回答。微软表示,用户故意操控Copilot生成了这些回答。本月,微软一名工程师致信董事会、国会议员和美国联邦贸易委员会(Federal Trade Commission),警告称微软没有采取足够的安全保障措施,以阻止其人工智能图像生成工具生成侮辱性和暴力的内容。

纳德拉指出,Inflection在语调方面所做的工作,以及新员工在人工智能软件初步发布之后所进行的训练,将在这方面发挥关键作用。他说:“Pi带来的一个关键启示是,预训练非常重要,而且是必要的,但这并不够。在人工智能领域,至少在产品开发方面,我们都意识到后训练步骤可能至关重要。”

DeepMind成立于2010年,四年后被谷歌收购。苏莱曼是公司的关键公众人物,他向政府官员和在活动中宣传人工智能的前景,以及人工智能技术所需要的道德保障措施。

然而,DeepMind的工作却在英国医疗行业备受批评。它的第一款健康产品是名为Streams的应用程序,最初被设计用于帮助医生发现存在急性肾脏损伤风险的患者。2017年7月,英国的数据隐私监管部门称,DeepMind在该项目中的合作伙伴伦敦皇家自由医院(London’s Royal Free Hospital),非法允许该公司访问160万名患者的病例。当时,苏莱曼在一份声明里进行了道歉。

据《金融时报》(Financial Times)报道,DeepMind的员工对他的管理风格不满。对于这些不满,苏莱曼说:“我真的很失败。我要求非常苛刻,而且不讲情面。”他补充道,他设定了“非常不合理的预期”,导致“一些人陷入非常艰难的环境。我对给人们造成的影响和伤害,依旧感到非常抱歉。”

2019年,苏莱曼被安排休假,几个月后前往谷歌,负责人工智能产品管理,直到2022年从谷歌离职。

在3月18日的采访中,苏莱曼表示,他在那段时间深刻认识到用户信任的必要性,他表示Pi的设计受到这些教训的重大影响。“我的收获之一是,信任绝对至关重要,对用户保持高度透明,反复做同样的事情,而且能够证明我们的产品不仅可靠,而且让用户感觉产品在他们的掌控之中。”

几年前,纳德拉在英国伦敦介绍他的书《刷新》(Hit Refresh)时,与苏莱曼结识,之后两人一直保持联系。几个月前,他们开始讨论苏莱曼加入微软的可能性。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Microsoft Corp. has named Mustafa Suleyman head of its consumer artificial intelligence business, hiring most of the staff from his Inflection AI startup as the software giant seeks to fend off Alphabet Inc.’s Google in the fiercely contested market for AI products.

Suleyman, who co-founded Google’s DeepMind, will report to Chief Executive Officer Satya Nadella and oversee a range of projects, such as integrating an AI Copilot into Windows and adding conversational elements to the Bing search engine. His hiring will put Microsoft’s consumer AI work under one leader for the first time.

Inflection, a rival of Microsoft’s key AI partner OpenAI, is exiting its Pi consumer chatbot effort and shifting to selling AI software to businesses. Karén Simonyan, Inflection’s co-founder, will join Microsoft as chief scientist for the new consumer AI group.

In the past year, Nadella has been revamping his company’s major products around artificial intelligence technology from OpenAI. Under the Copilot brand, Microsoft has blended an AI assistant into products including Windows, consumer and enterprise Office software, Bing and security tools. With Google and others trying to catch up, Nadella’s multibillion-dollar investment in OpenAI has given Microsoft a first-mover advantage. And yet, 13 months after unveiling an AI-enhanced Bing search, the company has made few gains in that market, which remains dominated by Google.

“We want to make sure that this next wave is one that for the consumer Microsoft can really, really create incredible products,” Suleyman said in an interview.

The new hires also mark another significant step by Microsoft to bolster its in-house AI capabilities and products, outside of the relationship with OpenAI. Last month, Microsoft invested $16 million in Mistral AI, a French rival to OpenAI. Nadella on March 18 told OpenAI CEO Sam Altman about Suleyman and his team joining Microsoft, the company said.

“We congratulate Mustafa and Karén on their new roles and look forward to working with them,” an OpenAI spokesperson said in a statement. “Our partnership with Microsoft is grounded in leveraging Azure supercomputer infrastructure built for OpenAI to power our research and train our next-generation models—a core part of our mission. We will also continue developing useful AI products like ChatGPT aimed at widely distributing the benefits of AI and driving industry-wide innovation for everyone.”

Nadella said Microsoft is “very committed” to its partnership with OpenAI. Microsoft will continue to provide the startup with the cloud-computing power to build its AI models and will use those in its software. Suleyman will be tasked with forming them into compelling, well-designed products for consumers. “We have in the world a number of cutting-edge pre-trained models,” Suleyman said. “The real challenge we have is turning those models into actual products today.”

Inflection in June raised $1.3 billion in one of the largest funding rounds of Silicon Valley’s AI frenzy. That round valued the startup at $4 billion, a person familiar with the matter said at the time. Microsoft board member Reid Hoffman is a co-founder of the two-year-old startup, alongside Suleyman and Simonyan, and other investors include Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, former Google CEO Eric Schmidt and Nvidia Corp.

In recent months, Inflection had talks with multiple investors about raising additional funds, according to people familiar with the conversations. The company declined to comment.

Google, after falling behind Microsoft in the generative AI race, is starting to catch up. In February, the company rolled out Gemini, its answer to OpenAI’s ChatGPT. The rollout hasn’t gone perfectly. Google pulled a tool designed to generate realistic-looking images of people after a flurry of criticism that its depictions of race were historically inaccurate. But earlier this week, Bloomberg reported that the company was in talks to license Gemini to Apple Inc. for new iPhone features expected later this year. A deal with Apple would be Google’s highest-profile partnership for Gemini to date, building on the two companies’ relationship around search and making it harder for Microsoft to make gains on smartphones.

Inflection’s Pi chatbot was designed to mimic human understanding of emotions and interact with users in a supportive fashion. While attracting considerable investor interest, including from Microsoft, and a million active daily users, the startup has not succeeded in finding an effective business model, Suleyman said. In the meantime, Nadella asked him to move over to Microsoft.

“We want to bring real competition,” Nadella said in the interview. “The thing that’s beautiful is when the medium changes, it means we get to play again to say, what’s the browser mean? What does even the operating system mean? What is an assistant? And so that’s the exciting part—not what happened but what is going to happen—it’s the rebirth of personal computing.”

Microsoft’s consumer AI products have had their own issues. The Bing chat initially got disturbingly personal with some users, forcing the company to temporarily cut conversations short. Users in February reported Copilot was generating responses that were called bizarre, disturbing and, in some cases, harmful. Microsoft said users deliberately manipulated Copilot to generate some of those responses. This month, a company engineer sent letters to the board, lawmakers and the Federal Trade Commission warning that Microsoft wasn’t doing enough to safeguard its AI image generation tool from creating abusive and violent content.

The work Inflection has done on tone, as well as the new hires’ experience in training AI software after it has initially been developed, will be critical here, Nadella said. “One of the key insights that Pi exemplifies is that pre-training is super-important and necessary but not sufficient,” he said. “All of us in AI, at least when it comes to product-making, are realizing that the post-training step may be everything.”

DeepMind was founded in 2010 and acquired four years later by Google. Suleyman was a key public face for the company, speaking to officials and at events about the promise of AI and the ethical guardrails needed around the technology.

However, DeepMind was heavily criticized for its work in the UK health sector. Its first health product was an app called Streams that was originally designed to help doctors identify patients at risk of developing acute kidney injury. In July 2017, the UK’s data privacy watchdog said DeepMind’s partner in the project, London’s Royal Free Hospital, illegally gave the company access to 1.6 million patient records. Suleyman apologized in a statement at the time.

DeepMind workers complained about his management style, the Financial Times reported. Addressing the complaints at the time, Suleyman said: “I really screwed up. I was very demanding and pretty relentless.” He added that he set “pretty unreasonable expectations” that led to “a very rough environment for some people. I remain very sorry about the impact that caused people and the hurt that people felt there.”

Suleyman was placed on leave in 2019 and months later moved to Google, where he led AI product management until exiting in 2022.

In the interview on March 18, Suleyman said he learned a lot from that period about the need for user trust and said Pi’s design was heavily influenced by those lessons. “One of the things I earned was that trust is absolutely critical and being super transparent with users and repeatedly doing the same thing and being able to demonstrate that our products are not just reliable that users feel like they’re in control.”

Nadella and Suleyman met years ago when Nadella gave a talk about his book Hit Refresh in London, and the two kept in touch. Conversations about joining Microsoft began in the past several months.

热读文章
热门视频
扫描二维码下载财富APP