立即打开
电动车基础设施不足产,降价促销效果不明显

电动车基础设施不足产,降价促销效果不明显

DYLAN SLOAN 2024-04-19
基础设施一直是美国电动汽车行业的薄弱环节。

随着特斯拉(Tesla)和福特(Ford)等公司降低新电动汽车的售价,二手电动汽车变得越来越便宜。除此之外,新税收减免政策使二手电动汽车的市场售价降低了多达4,000美元,一些车型的售价甚至跌破了10,000美元。

但二手车市场的表现却不符合经济理论——价格下降并没有增加销量。专家们认为,除非美国完善充电基础设施,否则这种情况不会改变。

君迪(J.D. Power)数据与分析部门副总裁泰森·乔米尼对《财富》杂志表示:“众所周知,美国的基础设施不达标,这依旧是一项挑战。基础设施一直是美国电动汽车行业的薄弱环节。”

大多数新电动汽车的价格仍超过50,000美元,而且面向的是高端车主。但现在,随着二手电动汽车市场的发展,低收入家庭终于可以开上廉价的二手电动汽车。但分析师认为,充电基础设施不足阻碍了潜在购车人买车。

乔米尼说道:“电动汽车价格越低,购车人就越依赖基础设施——购车人更有可能没有配车库的房子。虽然电动汽车价格下降,但我们没有看到消费者出现汽油车降价时的相同反应。”

去年秋天,美国能源部估计,为了支持拜登政府计划到2030年上路的电动汽车数量,美国的充电站需要在现有数量的基础上增加约10倍。

能源部的报告写道:“随着电动汽车注册量每个季度持续增长……需要大幅增加电动汽车供电设备的数量,以满足需求。”

专家指出,公共充电基础设施不足,对低收入潜在电动汽车购买者的影响尤其严重,他们更有可能居住在没有非路边停车位的公寓,而且依赖目前尚不存在的公共充电设施。麦肯锡(McKinsey)最近的一份报告发现,65%的电动汽车充电在车主家中完成,而在家中充电的前提是车主有车库或车道。

汽车研究中心(Center for Automotive Research)高级研究副总裁文卡塔斯·普拉萨德对《财富》杂志称:“所以当电动汽车进入低收入家庭时……你开始接触到的[人们更有可能居住在]合租房和公寓内。即使在城市里,充电桩数量依旧不足。你希望每个充电桩对应四至五辆汽车,而不是[像现在一样]对应八辆、九辆甚至十辆。”

美国目前约有8,000个电动汽车充电站,与加油站的比例为1比16,但新充电站的数量正在快速增长。目前约三分之一只能用于特斯拉汽车充电——但几个月后,其他车型将可以通过适配器兼容特斯拉的超级充电站,这种情况将发生改变。这可能会刺激价格低廉的二手车行业的需求增长。

乔米尼表示,虽然目前二手车销售停滞,但“随着特斯拉充电网络开放,这种情况即将结束”。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

随着特斯拉(Tesla)和福特(Ford)等公司降低新电动汽车的售价,二手电动汽车变得越来越便宜。除此之外,新税收减免政策使二手电动汽车的市场售价降低了多达4,000美元,一些车型的售价甚至跌破了10,000美元。

但二手车市场的表现却不符合经济理论——价格下降并没有增加销量。专家们认为,除非美国完善充电基础设施,否则这种情况不会改变。

君迪(J.D. Power)数据与分析部门副总裁泰森·乔米尼对《财富》杂志表示:“众所周知,美国的基础设施不达标,这依旧是一项挑战。基础设施一直是美国电动汽车行业的薄弱环节。”

大多数新电动汽车的价格仍超过50,000美元,而且面向的是高端车主。但现在,随着二手电动汽车市场的发展,低收入家庭终于可以开上廉价的二手电动汽车。但分析师认为,充电基础设施不足阻碍了潜在购车人买车。

乔米尼说道:“电动汽车价格越低,购车人就越依赖基础设施——购车人更有可能没有配车库的房子。虽然电动汽车价格下降,但我们没有看到消费者出现汽油车降价时的相同反应。”

去年秋天,美国能源部估计,为了支持拜登政府计划到2030年上路的电动汽车数量,美国的充电站需要在现有数量的基础上增加约10倍。

能源部的报告写道:“随着电动汽车注册量每个季度持续增长……需要大幅增加电动汽车供电设备的数量,以满足需求。”

专家指出,公共充电基础设施不足,对低收入潜在电动汽车购买者的影响尤其严重,他们更有可能居住在没有非路边停车位的公寓,而且依赖目前尚不存在的公共充电设施。麦肯锡(McKinsey)最近的一份报告发现,65%的电动汽车充电在车主家中完成,而在家中充电的前提是车主有车库或车道。

汽车研究中心(Center for Automotive Research)高级研究副总裁文卡塔斯·普拉萨德对《财富》杂志称:“所以当电动汽车进入低收入家庭时……你开始接触到的[人们更有可能居住在]合租房和公寓内。即使在城市里,充电桩数量依旧不足。你希望每个充电桩对应四至五辆汽车,而不是[像现在一样]对应八辆、九辆甚至十辆。”

美国目前约有8,000个电动汽车充电站,与加油站的比例为1比16,但新充电站的数量正在快速增长。目前约三分之一只能用于特斯拉汽车充电——但几个月后,其他车型将可以通过适配器兼容特斯拉的超级充电站,这种情况将发生改变。这可能会刺激价格低廉的二手车行业的需求增长。

乔米尼表示,虽然目前二手车销售停滞,但“随着特斯拉充电网络开放,这种情况即将结束”。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Used EVs are getting cheaper, pushed down by price cuts from companies such as Tesla and Ford for their new electric models. On top of that, new tax credit policies are knocking as much as $4,000 off the sticker price of used EVs at the point of sale, bringing some models below the $10,000 mark.

But the used market is defying economic theory—lower prices aren’t increasing sales. And experts say that’s not likely to change until the U.S. improves its charging infrastructure.

“As we all know, the infrastructure is not up to par in the U.S. It remains a challenge,” Tyson Jominy, a vice president in the data and analytics division at J.D. Power, told Fortune. “That really has been the weak link for EVs in this country.”

Most new EVs still cost over $50,000, and they cater to higher-end buyers. But now, as the market for used EVs grows, lower-income households can finally access cheap used EVs. But analysts believe that sparse charging infrastructure is what’s holding these would-be buyers back.

“The lower the price point we go on EVs, the more that the buyer has to rely on the infrastructure—the more likely the buyer is not to own a house to have…a garage,” Jominy said. “EV prices have come down, but we aren’t seeing the same consumer response to the [falling] prices that we would see on the gasoline side.”

The Department of Energy estimated last fall that the country will need around 10 times more charging ports than are currently operational to support the number of EVs the Biden administration hopes to put on the road by 2030.

“As EV registrations continue to grow each quarter…public EVSE installations will need to ramp up significantly to keep up with demand,” read the Energy Department’s report.

Exports point out that a lack of public charging infrastructure disproportionately affects lower-income potential EV buyers, who are more likely to live in apartments without off-street parking and depend on public charging facilities that largely don’t exist yet. A recent McKinsey report found that 65% of all EV charging was done at owners’ residences, which is generally possible only if the owner has a garage or driveway.

“So when you get down to households with lower income…you start to get to [people who are more likely to live in] shared housing and apartments,” K. Venkatesh Prasad, senior vice president of research at the Center for Automotive Research, told Fortune. “Even if it’s urban, you don’t have…sufficient charging ports per EV. You want that to be four or five, not eight or nine or 10 cars per charging port [like we have now].”

There are currently about 8,000 EV charging ports across the country, or roughly one for every 16 gas stations, and new ports are being added at increasing rates. Currently, almost a third of them can only be used to charge Teslas—but that’s set to change in a few months, when other models will become compatible with Tesla’s Superchargers by using an adapter. That could give a demand boost to the bottom-dollar used-EV sector.

While sales may be stalled for now, “we probably are getting close to getting past [it] with the Tesla Supercharger network opening up,” Jominy said.

热读文章
热门视频
扫描二维码下载财富APP