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房租昂贵,美国近三分之一的95后与父母同住

房租昂贵,美国近三分之一的95后与父母同住

Alicia Adamczyk 2024-01-09
新冠疫情之后的通货膨胀,导致许多年轻人没有能力搬出父母家。

长期以来,美国一直在努力提供足够的经济适用房,但过去几十年,经济适用房不足的问题却变得日益严重,而且在新冠疫情之后变得更加尖锐。最新数据显示,下一代人所面临的情况并没有好转。

事实上,Intuit Credit Karma对1,249名美国成年人的最新调查发现,由于没有能力租房或自己买房,31%的Z世代选择与父母或家人同住。

首先需要介绍一些背景信息:Z世代是指1997年至2012年出生的一代人,目前年龄为11岁至26岁。虽然十一二岁的青少年与家庭成员同住不值得大惊小怪,但Credit Karma的调查中还包括了18岁及以上的受访者。

对于足以独立生活的Z世代,Credit Karma的调查和其他数据均表明,在住房成本方面,Z世代是特别不幸的一代人。尤其是在2020年代初,低利率曾经帮助千禧一代终于进入了房地产市场,但低利率时代已经一去不复返;现在,随着越来越多Z世代毕业、进入职场和考虑成家,他们要面对更高的利率和更高的房价,还有有限的供应。

租房市场同样不容乐观:2022年,美国普通租客“租房负担过重”,这意味着30%的中位数收入被用于支付平均房租,这是史上首次出现这种状况。虽然2023年的收入增长速度超过了房租增长速度,这给租客带来了一些帮助,但据穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)统计,全美房租与收入比率依旧为30%,达到这个比例就被认为租房负担过重。

当然,并非只有Z世代面临问题。报告发现,在美国所有租房的成年人中,有24%的人表示再也支付不起房租,这导致约40%的租客为了支付住房账单,不得不牺牲必需品消费。但千禧一代和Z世代面临的处境更加艰难:分别有30%和27%的千禧一代和Z世代无力支付房租,而69岁及以上的租客无力支付房租的比例只有10%。

昂贵的房租不仅会影响日常财务状况,还会造成深远的影响,包括导致租客为买房而存钱变得更加困难。Credit Karma的调查发现,近半数(46%)美国人认为,他们永远也买不起房(原因同样是抵押贷款利率和通货膨胀)。据美国房地产经纪人协会(Association of Realtors)统计,2023年,普通首次购房人的年龄为36岁。这创下了历史新高,而且他们比年龄最大的Z世代足足大了10岁。

这意味着,尽管房租节节攀升,更多Z世代依旧会在更长的时间内租房。因此,许多Z世代选择与父母同住也就不足为奇。有专家表示,这种趋势早已存在,例如在大衰退(Great Recession)期间财务状况恶化的千禧一代,但在新冠疫情期间,这种趋势愈演愈烈。Zillow的分析显示,2020年3月和4月,约有270万美国成年人搬去与一位父母或祖父母同住;美国人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的数据则显示,过去20年,年轻人与父母同住的比例超过了87%。新冠疫情之后的通货膨胀,导致许多年轻人没有能力搬出父母家。

即使有些人有能力单独居住,他们也需要父母的帮助。Redfin最近的一项调查发现,40%的30岁以下购房人在支付首付时,获得了家人的帮助。Credit Karma的调查发现,30%的Z世代和39%的千禧一代表示,他们买房依赖家人的资助。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

长期以来,美国一直在努力提供足够的经济适用房,但过去几十年,经济适用房不足的问题却变得日益严重,而且在新冠疫情之后变得更加尖锐。最新数据显示,下一代人所面临的情况并没有好转。

事实上,Intuit Credit Karma对1,249名美国成年人的最新调查发现,由于没有能力租房或自己买房,31%的Z世代选择与父母或家人同住。

首先需要介绍一些背景信息:Z世代是指1997年至2012年出生的一代人,目前年龄为11岁至26岁。虽然十一二岁的青少年与家庭成员同住不值得大惊小怪,但Credit Karma的调查中还包括了18岁及以上的受访者。

对于足以独立生活的Z世代,Credit Karma的调查和其他数据均表明,在住房成本方面,Z世代是特别不幸的一代人。尤其是在2020年代初,低利率曾经帮助千禧一代终于进入了房地产市场,但低利率时代已经一去不复返;现在,随着越来越多Z世代毕业、进入职场和考虑成家,他们要面对更高的利率和更高的房价,还有有限的供应。

租房市场同样不容乐观:2022年,美国普通租客“租房负担过重”,这意味着30%的中位数收入被用于支付平均房租,这是史上首次出现这种状况。虽然2023年的收入增长速度超过了房租增长速度,这给租客带来了一些帮助,但据穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)统计,全美房租与收入比率依旧为30%,达到这个比例就被认为租房负担过重。

当然,并非只有Z世代面临问题。报告发现,在美国所有租房的成年人中,有24%的人表示再也支付不起房租,这导致约40%的租客为了支付住房账单,不得不牺牲必需品消费。但千禧一代和Z世代面临的处境更加艰难:分别有30%和27%的千禧一代和Z世代无力支付房租,而69岁及以上的租客无力支付房租的比例只有10%。

昂贵的房租不仅会影响日常财务状况,还会造成深远的影响,包括导致租客为买房而存钱变得更加困难。Credit Karma的调查发现,近半数(46%)美国人认为,他们永远也买不起房(原因同样是抵押贷款利率和通货膨胀)。据美国房地产经纪人协会(Association of Realtors)统计,2023年,普通首次购房人的年龄为36岁。这创下了历史新高,而且他们比年龄最大的Z世代足足大了10岁。

这意味着,尽管房租节节攀升,更多Z世代依旧会在更长的时间内租房。因此,许多Z世代选择与父母同住也就不足为奇。有专家表示,这种趋势早已存在,例如在大衰退(Great Recession)期间财务状况恶化的千禧一代,但在新冠疫情期间,这种趋势愈演愈烈。Zillow的分析显示,2020年3月和4月,约有270万美国成年人搬去与一位父母或祖父母同住;美国人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的数据则显示,过去20年,年轻人与父母同住的比例超过了87%。新冠疫情之后的通货膨胀,导致许多年轻人没有能力搬出父母家。

即使有些人有能力单独居住,他们也需要父母的帮助。Redfin最近的一项调查发现,40%的30岁以下购房人在支付首付时,获得了家人的帮助。Credit Karma的调查发现,30%的Z世代和39%的千禧一代表示,他们买房依赖家人的资助。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

America has long struggled to provide adequate affordable housing, an issue that’s become increasingly dire over the past few decades and supercharged since the pandemic. Now, new data is showing that things aren’t improving much for the next generation.

In fact, 31% of Gen Z live with a parent or family member because they can’t afford to rent or buy their own place, a new survey of 1,249 U.S. adults from Intuit Credit Karma finds.

First, some context: Gen Z spans those born between 1997 and 2012, currently aged 11 to 26. While it isn’t exactly newsworthy that 11 and 12-year-olds would live with a family member, Credit Karma’s survey includes responses from those 18 and older.

For the members of the generation old enough to live on their own, Credit Karma’s survey and other data are starting to paint a picture that Gen Z is be particularly unlucky when it comes to housing costs. Gone are the days of low interest rates that helped millennials finally break into the market, particularly at the start of the 2020s; now, as more and more members of Gen Z graduate from school, kick off their careers, and consider a starter home, they are facing higher rates and higher housing prices, all with limited supply.

Renting isn’t any better: In 2022, the typical American renter became rent burdened—meaning 30% of the median income is now needed to pay the average rent—for the first time. While income growth that finally outpaced rent growth in 2023 helped renters some, the national rent-to-income ratio still sits at 30%, according to Moody’s Analytics, which is considered rent burdened.

Gen Zers certainly aren’t the only ones struggling—of U.S. adults across generations who rent, 24% say they can’t afford their rent anymore, the report finds, causing almost 40% to sacrifice necessities to pay their housing bill. But the hardship is exacerbated among millennials and Gen Z: 30% and 27%, respectively, are struggling to pay their rent, versus 10% of those who are at least 69.

Expensive rent has far-reaching consequences beyond the daily financial struggle, including making it more difficult to save for a home. To that end, Credit Karma’s survey finds nearly half of Americans, 46%, believe they will never own one (mortgage rates and inflation are also to blame). In 2023, the typical first-time homeowner was 36 years old, according to the Association of Realtors. That’s a record high, and a full decade older than the oldest Gen Zer.

That means more Gen Zers are renting for longer, even as those costs creep higher and higher, too. No wonder so many are staying with mom and dad. It’s long been a trend—just ask millennials who got financially backtracked during the Great Recession—but it picked up during the pandemic, some experts say. Around 2.7 million adults in the U.S. moved in with a parent or grandparent in March and April of 2020, according to a Zillow analysis; U.S. Census Bureau data finds the percentage of young adults living at home has climbed over 87% over the past two decades. With the inflation that followed in the pandemic’s wake, many young people haven’t been able to move out.

When they are able to move out, many can only do so with a parent’s help. A recent survey from Redfin found 40% of buyers under 30 get help from family to afford a down payment. Credit Karma’s survey found 30% of Gen Z and 39% of millennials say they are dependent on money from family to buy a home.

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