实现美国梦越来越难
抵押贷款利率的大幅上涨和新冠疫情期间的房地产市场繁荣使全美房价上涨了超过40%，这导致房地产的可负担性下降至自房地产泡沫时代以来前所未见的水平。
美国银行（Bank of America）的分析师在5月5日发布的第八次年度千禧一代房地产调查中写道，可负担性不足“导致实现美国梦变得更有挑战性”。
美国银行的分析师发现：“无论房租、房价还是利率，按照几乎每一个指标，千禧一代预计需要支付更多住房成本，尽管目前住房支出已经占千禧一代家庭收入的三分之一。”
然而，三分之二的受访者依旧计划买房，并且表示他们可能在未来两年内买房，尽管他们在住房方面的支出已经占家庭收入的约30%（租金或抵押贷款）。出现这种状况的部分原因是，受访者预计住房成本，例如房租、房价和抵押贷款利率，可能会进一步上涨。千禧一代还认为，买房是一种良好的投资选择。美国银行的调查受访者包括1,000多名25岁至41岁的千禧一代，他们的平均家庭收入在25,000美元至75,000美元之间。
美国银行的分析师写道：“虽然一些千禧一代可能希望在成本上涨以前尽快买房，但也有千禧一代可能因为可负担性挑战而退出房地产市场，尤其是在房租适当的情况下。”（美国银行的分析师预计，未来一年，全美房价趋于平稳，房租将适度上涨。）
不计划买房的千禧一代最担心的是可负担性，尤其是随着抵押贷款利率的上涨。美国银行的分析师写道，过去三年，受访者一直担心可负担性问题，然而，今年的调查显示持这种态度的千禧一代比例“大幅提高”。
有趣的是，82%的受访者表示希望购买房价更低的老房，然后进行翻新，而不是购买新建住宅。《财富》杂志最近报道称，千禧一代将支付数百万美元购房，但这些当然是经济条件较好的千禧一代，他们并不担心可负担性问题。但这只能说明千禧一代在购房方面的创造力。
然而，与前辈相比，更多的千禧一代更早成为业主，而且美国银行每年的调查都显示，拥有住房的千禧一代比例提高。在今年的调查中，受访者的住房拥有率从2022年的53%提高到58%。其中，31岁至41岁千禧一代的住房拥有率为64%。而在25岁至35岁的受访者里，只有51%表示自己是业主。
《财富》杂志之前的报道表明，千禧一代之间及其住房拥有率存在差异。比如，《财富》杂志采访了多位高收入者或者收入高于平均水平的千禧一代，他们依旧在租房，因为他们认为在当地市场可能没有能力购房。
有一对夫妻生活在洛杉矶，收入约225,000美元，还有一位公司老板生活在曼哈顿，个人收入200,000美元，但他们都选择了租房，并提到了拥有住房的许多障碍。
美国银行的分析师表示，调查依旧“显示千禧一代的住房拥有率整体上略高于美国人口普查局（Census Bureau）的最新数据。美国人口普查局的调查显示，截至2022年，有51.5%的千禧一代拥有住房，这表明我们的受访者在美国的千禧一代人口中可能并不具有代表性。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
抵押贷款利率的大幅上涨和新冠疫情期间的房地产市场繁荣使全美房价上涨了超过40%，这导致房地产的可负担性下降至自房地产泡沫时代以来前所未见的水平。
美国银行（Bank of America）的分析师在5月5日发布的第八次年度千禧一代房地产调查中写道，可负担性不足“导致实现美国梦变得更有挑战性”。
美国银行的分析师发现：“无论房租、房价还是利率，按照几乎每一个指标，千禧一代预计需要支付更多住房成本，尽管目前住房支出已经占千禧一代家庭收入的三分之一。”
然而，三分之二的受访者依旧计划买房，并且表示他们可能在未来两年内买房，尽管他们在住房方面的支出已经占家庭收入的约30%（租金或抵押贷款）。出现这种状况的部分原因是，受访者预计住房成本，例如房租、房价和抵押贷款利率，可能会进一步上涨。千禧一代还认为，买房是一种良好的投资选择。美国银行的调查受访者包括1,000多名25岁至41岁的千禧一代，他们的平均家庭收入在25,000美元至75,000美元之间。
美国银行的分析师写道：“虽然一些千禧一代可能希望在成本上涨以前尽快买房，但也有千禧一代可能因为可负担性挑战而退出房地产市场，尤其是在房租适当的情况下。”（美国银行的分析师预计，未来一年，全美房价趋于平稳，房租将适度上涨。）
不计划买房的千禧一代最担心的是可负担性，尤其是随着抵押贷款利率的上涨。美国银行的分析师写道，过去三年，受访者一直担心可负担性问题，然而，今年的调查显示持这种态度的千禧一代比例“大幅提高”。
有趣的是，82%的受访者表示希望购买房价更低的老房，然后进行翻新，而不是购买新建住宅。《财富》杂志最近报道称，千禧一代将支付数百万美元购房，但这些当然是经济条件较好的千禧一代，他们并不担心可负担性问题。但这只能说明千禧一代在购房方面的创造力。
然而，与前辈相比，更多的千禧一代更早成为业主，而且美国银行每年的调查都显示，拥有住房的千禧一代比例提高。在今年的调查中，受访者的住房拥有率从2022年的53%提高到58%。其中，31岁至41岁千禧一代的住房拥有率为64%。而在25岁至35岁的受访者里，只有51%表示自己是业主。
《财富》杂志之前的报道表明，千禧一代之间及其住房拥有率存在差异。比如，《财富》杂志采访了多位高收入者或者收入高于平均水平的千禧一代，他们依旧在租房，因为他们认为在当地市场可能没有能力购房。
有一对夫妻生活在洛杉矶，收入约225,000美元，还有一位公司老板生活在曼哈顿，个人收入200,000美元，但他们都选择了租房，并提到了拥有住房的许多障碍。
美国银行的分析师表示，调查依旧“显示千禧一代的住房拥有率整体上略高于美国人口普查局（Census Bureau）的最新数据。美国人口普查局的调查显示，截至2022年，有51.5%的千禧一代拥有住房，这表明我们的受访者在美国的千禧一代人口中可能并不具有代表性。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
Spiked mortgage rates, coupled with the Pandemic Housing Boom pushing up national home prices by over 40%, has seen housing affordability deteriorate to levels unseen since the housing bubble.
That lack of affordability is why “attaining the American dream is becoming more challenging than ever,” Bank of America (BofA) analysts wrote in its eighth annual millennial housing survey published on May 5.
“By almost every measure—rents, home prices, interest rates—this group expects to pay more for housing even as it already takes up one-third of their household income,” BofA analysts found.
However, two-thirds of the survey’s respondents are still set on buying a home and say they’ll likely do so within the next two years, despite already spending around 30% of their income on housing (rent or a mortgage). Partly because the respondents expect housing costs, like rent, home prices, and mortgage rates to go up even further from here. Millennials also cited buying as a good investment. BofA’s survey respondents included over 1,000 millennials between the ages of 25 and 41, with average household incomes concentrated in the $25,000 to $75,000 range.
“While some Millennials could feel motivated to buy a home soon to get ahead of cost increases, others may stay out of the housing market due to affordability challenges, particularly if rent moderates,” wrote the BofA analysts. (Analysts at BofA expect national home prices to flatten and rent growth to moderate over the coming year).
Millennials that said they weren’t planning to buy homes were most concerned about affordability, particularly with the jump in mortgage rates. Over the past three years, respondents have cited affordability as a concern, however, this year’s survey showed “a material jump,” wrote BofA analysts.
Interestingly enough, 82% of the survey’s respondents reported wanting to buy older, less expensive homes and renovate them rather than buy a newly built home. As Fortune’s recently reported, millennials are paying millions of dollars to knock down homes—but of course those are rich millennials that aren’t as concerned with affordability. But this simply speaks to the generation’s creativity in home buying.
Nonetheless, more millennials are homeowners than ever before, and each year BofA runs the survey the percentage of millennials that are homeowners has gone up. This year’s survey, 58% of respondents said they owned their home, up from 53% last year. Of those, 64% of millennials ages 31 to 41 said they owned their home. Meanwhile, only 51% of those ages 25 to 35 reported being homeowners.
From Fortune’s previous reporting, it’s clear that there’s variation among millennials and homeownership. For example, Fortune’s interviewed some high-earners, or higher than average, that are still renting because they don’t feel like they can afford to buy a home in the markets they live in.
From a professional couple earning around $225,000 living in Los Angeles to a business owner earning over $200,000 on her own, living in Manhattan, in both cases these millennials were opting to rent, citing several barriers to home ownership.
Still, according to BofA analysts, the survey “suggests a slightly higher homeownership rate for Millennials overall than the latest Census Bureau data, which showed that 51.5% of Millennials were homeowners as of 2022, indicating that our survey respondents may not be representative of the broader U.S. Millennial population.”
