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美国通胀报告超出预期,投资者欢欣鼓舞

美国通胀报告超出预期,投资者欢欣鼓舞

WILL DANIEL 2022-12-15
11月美国的通货膨胀较一年前上升了7.1%。

纽约市证券交易所,一名男子扮成圣诞老人。摄影:DREW ANGERER ——盖蒂图片社

在股市、债市和加密货币市场经历过残酷的一年之后,圣诞老人本周提前给投资者送来了礼物 ——美国通胀报告确认物价上涨已经达到最高点。

独立顾问联盟(Independent Advisor Alliance)首席投资官克里斯·扎克雷利对《财富》杂志表示:“圣诞老人毕竟要来了。今天上午的通胀数据超出预期……市场在年底迎来了反弹。”

劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)周二的报告显示,按照消费物价指数(CPI)测量,11月美国的通货膨胀较一年前上升了7.1%。

正常情况下,看到通胀率比美联储2%的目标高出5个百分点以上,投资者很难开心,但这一次却截然不同。11月的报告是自2021年12月以来12个月消费物价涨幅最小的一次。报告的通胀率低于各投资银行预测的7.3%的同比通胀率。

瑞杰金融公司(Raymond James)首席经济学家尤金尼奥.埃尔曼对《财富》杂志表示:“这份CPI报告非常好,有助于进一步确定通胀已经达到顶点并且物价进入反通胀路线这种观点。”

2022年,为了应对通胀,美联储官员已经六次加息,《财富》杂志采访的专家都认为,美联储本周将再次加息50个基点。

但贝莱德(BlackRock)全球固定收益部首席投资官瑞克·里德表示,最新通胀报告提供了“通胀基本趋势正在减速的一些信号”,可能促使美联储在未来几个月“暂停”在某个时间点加息。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)首席美国经济学家艾伦·曾特纳在周二发布的一份研究报告中呼应了里德的评论。他表示,最新通胀报告“对美联储而言是好消息”。

如果美联储暂停加息或改为降息,将为因借款成本上涨而被压制的股票创造上涨条件。

LPL Financial公司首席经济学家杰弗里·罗奇对《财富》杂志表示:“通胀正在回落,而美联储正在放慢加息的步伐。在近期内,投资者应该对这些令人鼓舞的变化做出积极响应。”

最新CPI报告剖析

11月的整体通胀和核心通胀令经济学家们大感意外。核心通胀排除了波动性更大的食品和能源价格,也是华尔街更密切关注的指标。

上个月,核心通胀同比上涨6%,原因是二手车和医疗护理价格下降降低了该指数的上涨幅度。10月同比涨幅为6.3%。

11月,医疗护理成本连续两个月下降,降幅为0.7%。二手车价格连续五个月下跌,同比下降3.3%。

11月,整体通胀环比仅上涨0.1%,同比涨幅为7.1%,因为过去一年中推动消费物价上涨的高能源价格现在已经开始回落。虽然11月的能源价格同比依旧上涨了13.1%,但环比下降了1.6%,目前油价自6月以来下跌超过35%。

但食品价格依旧是美国整体通胀上涨的主要驱动因素。11月,食品价格总体环比上涨0.5%,同比上涨10.6%。

虽然美国房价最近下跌,但11月住房成本持续上涨。但瑞杰金融的埃尔曼表示,这种趋势应该会很快结束。

他说道:“虽然房价持续上涨,但通胀率依旧很低。我们预测未来几个季度,房价将开始下跌,这将进一步增加通货紧缩压力。”

LPL Financial的罗奇表示,最新CPI报告中的另外一个亮点是服务价格上涨速度下降。总服务价格约占CPI的60%,11月的总服务价格环比上涨0.3%。这是自7月份以来的最小环比涨幅。

经济学家们一直在密切关注服务通胀,因为随着全球放宽疫情防控,消费者开始从商品消费转向服务消费,如旅游等。

不要掉以轻心

虽然许多经济学家和投资者对最近的通胀下降趋势欢欣鼓舞,但有人警告美国经济和股市未来并非一帆风顺。

二次元资本管理公司(Quadratic Capital Management)创始人南希·戴维斯对《财富》杂志表示:“虽然周二的报告显示通胀上涨速度下降,这当然是好消息,但通胀依旧高企,是美联储2%目标通胀率的三倍以上,因此对美联储而言现在还不是拍手欢庆胜利的时候。”

戴维斯同时担任二次元利率波动与通胀对冲交易所交易基金(Quadratic Interest Rate Volatility and Inflation Hedge ETF,IVOL)的投资组合经理。她表示,明年的通胀率可能依旧远高于美联储2%的目标水平。

她说道:“市场似乎认为应对通胀的工作已经结束,但我们认为这种信心毫无理由。市场对通货膨胀下降速度的预期,似乎过于乐观。”

大多数投资银行也不认为2023年,将是股市表现出色的一年。摩根士丹利认为,标普500指数明年将从今天的4,000点下跌到3,900点,而高盛(Goldman Sachs)和美国银行(Bank of America)预计蓝筹股指数年底将达到4,000点。

最新通胀报告发布后,标普500指数在周二上午上涨超过2%,但之后收回了大多数涨幅。

博文财富管理集团(Bolvin Wealth Management Group)总裁吉纳·博文对《财富》杂志表示,对于投资者而言,积极的通胀报告可能是陷阱。

博文表示:“虽然最新数据展现出良好的趋势,但投资者不应该过度反应。”

她还提到了美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在8月份召开的美联储年度专题讨论会上的鹰派言论,这番言论引起了市场动荡。她说道:“在上一次因为更温和的通胀数据出现市场反弹时,我们经历了杰克逊霍尔引发的动荡。当时鲍威尔逆势而行,重申要进行加息。”

但依旧有专家认为,现在通货膨胀已经得到控制,这意味着避免经济衰退现在有可能发生,尽管华尔街一直在发布末日般的预测。而这应该有利于股市。

TradeStation Group市场情报副总裁戴维·拉塞尔对《财富》杂志表示:“最新报告表明,我们走上了软着陆的道路。美联储将继续发表强硬的言论……但我们的通货膨胀似乎已经度过了‘拐点’。今年,会有圣诞老人给我们带来惊喜。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

在股市、债市和加密货币市场经历过残酷的一年之后,圣诞老人本周提前给投资者送来了礼物 ——美国通胀报告确认物价上涨已经达到最高点。

独立顾问联盟(Independent Advisor Alliance)首席投资官克里斯·扎克雷利对《财富》杂志表示:“圣诞老人毕竟要来了。今天上午的通胀数据超出预期……市场在年底迎来了反弹。”

劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)周二的报告显示,按照消费物价指数(CPI)测量,11月美国的通货膨胀较一年前上升了7.1%。

正常情况下,看到通胀率比美联储2%的目标高出5个百分点以上,投资者很难开心,但这一次却截然不同。11月的报告是自2021年12月以来12个月消费物价涨幅最小的一次。报告的通胀率低于各投资银行预测的7.3%的同比通胀率。

瑞杰金融公司(Raymond James)首席经济学家尤金尼奥.埃尔曼对《财富》杂志表示:“这份CPI报告非常好,有助于进一步确定通胀已经达到顶点并且物价进入反通胀路线这种观点。”

2022年,为了应对通胀,美联储官员已经六次加息,《财富》杂志采访的专家都认为,美联储本周将再次加息50个基点。

但贝莱德(BlackRock)全球固定收益部首席投资官瑞克·里德表示,最新通胀报告提供了“通胀基本趋势正在减速的一些信号”,可能促使美联储在未来几个月“暂停”在某个时间点加息。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)首席美国经济学家艾伦·曾特纳在周二发布的一份研究报告中呼应了里德的评论。他表示,最新通胀报告“对美联储而言是好消息”。

如果美联储暂停加息或改为降息,将为因借款成本上涨而被压制的股票创造上涨条件。

LPL Financial公司首席经济学家杰弗里·罗奇对《财富》杂志表示:“通胀正在回落,而美联储正在放慢加息的步伐。在近期内,投资者应该对这些令人鼓舞的变化做出积极响应。”

最新CPI报告剖析

11月的整体通胀和核心通胀令经济学家们大感意外。核心通胀排除了波动性更大的食品和能源价格,也是华尔街更密切关注的指标。

上个月,核心通胀同比上涨6%,原因是二手车和医疗护理价格下降降低了该指数的上涨幅度。10月同比涨幅为6.3%。

11月,医疗护理成本连续两个月下降,降幅为0.7%。二手车价格连续五个月下跌,同比下降3.3%。

11月,整体通胀环比仅上涨0.1%,同比涨幅为7.1%,因为过去一年中推动消费物价上涨的高能源价格现在已经开始回落。虽然11月的能源价格同比依旧上涨了13.1%,但环比下降了1.6%,目前油价自6月以来下跌超过35%。

但食品价格依旧是美国整体通胀上涨的主要驱动因素。11月,食品价格总体环比上涨0.5%,同比上涨10.6%。

虽然美国房价最近下跌,但11月住房成本持续上涨。但瑞杰金融的埃尔曼表示,这种趋势应该会很快结束。

他说道:“虽然房价持续上涨,但通胀率依旧很低。我们预测未来几个季度,房价将开始下跌,这将进一步增加通货紧缩压力。”

LPL Financial的罗奇表示,最新CPI报告中的另外一个亮点是服务价格上涨速度下降。总服务价格约占CPI的60%,11月的总服务价格环比上涨0.3%。这是自7月份以来的最小环比涨幅。

经济学家们一直在密切关注服务通胀,因为随着全球放宽疫情防控,消费者开始从商品消费转向服务消费,如旅游等。

不要掉以轻心

虽然许多经济学家和投资者对最近的通胀下降趋势欢欣鼓舞,但有人警告美国经济和股市未来并非一帆风顺。

二次元资本管理公司(Quadratic Capital Management)创始人南希·戴维斯对《财富》杂志表示:“虽然周二的报告显示通胀上涨速度下降,这当然是好消息,但通胀依旧高企,是美联储2%目标通胀率的三倍以上,因此对美联储而言现在还不是拍手欢庆胜利的时候。”

戴维斯同时担任二次元利率波动与通胀对冲交易所交易基金(Quadratic Interest Rate Volatility and Inflation Hedge ETF,IVOL)的投资组合经理。她表示,明年的通胀率可能依旧远高于美联储2%的目标水平。

她说道:“市场似乎认为应对通胀的工作已经结束,但我们认为这种信心毫无理由。市场对通货膨胀下降速度的预期,似乎过于乐观。”

大多数投资银行也不认为2023年,将是股市表现出色的一年。摩根士丹利认为,标普500指数明年将从今天的4,000点下跌到3,900点,而高盛(Goldman Sachs)和美国银行(Bank of America)预计蓝筹股指数年底将达到4,000点。

最新通胀报告发布后,标普500指数在周二上午上涨超过2%,但之后收回了大多数涨幅。

博文财富管理集团(Bolvin Wealth Management Group)总裁吉纳·博文对《财富》杂志表示,对于投资者而言,积极的通胀报告可能是陷阱。

博文表示:“虽然最新数据展现出良好的趋势,但投资者不应该过度反应。”

她还提到了美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在8月份召开的美联储年度专题讨论会上的鹰派言论,这番言论引起了市场动荡。她说道:“在上一次因为更温和的通胀数据出现市场反弹时,我们经历了杰克逊霍尔引发的动荡。当时鲍威尔逆势而行,重申要进行加息。”

但依旧有专家认为,现在通货膨胀已经得到控制,这意味着避免经济衰退现在有可能发生,尽管华尔街一直在发布末日般的预测。而这应该有利于股市。

TradeStation Group市场情报副总裁戴维·拉塞尔对《财富》杂志表示:“最新报告表明,我们走上了软着陆的道路。美联储将继续发表强硬的言论……但我们的通货膨胀似乎已经度过了‘拐点’。今年,会有圣诞老人给我们带来惊喜。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

A man dressed as Santa Claus on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange.

After a brutal year for stocks, bonds, and cryptocurrencies, Santa gave investors an early present this week—an inflation report that confirms price increases have peaked.

“Santa is coming after all,” Chris Zaccarelli, chief investment officer at Independent Advisor Alliance, told Fortune. “Given the better-than-expected inflation data this morning…markets have a green light to rally into year end.”

Inflation, as measured by the consumer price index (CPI), rose 7.1% from a year ago in November, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported Tuesday.

While investors normally wouldn’t be happy to see inflation that’s more than 5 percentage points above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target rate, this time is different. November’s report was the smallest 12-month increase in consumer prices since Dec. 2021. And it came in below investment banks’ forecasts for year-over-year inflation of 7.3%.

“This was a very good CPI report and will help cement the view that inflation has peaked and prices are now on a disinflationary path,” Raymond James’ chief economist Eugenio Alemán, told Fortune.

Throughout 2022, Fed officials have raised interest rates six times to fight inflation, and experts Fortune interviewed agreed the Fed would add another 50 basis point hike this week.

But Rick Rieder, BlackRock’s chief investment officer of global fixed income, said the latest inflation report provided “some signal that the underlying trend of inflation is decelerating,” which could lead the Fed to “pause” its interest rate hikes at some point over the next few months. Morgan Stanley’s chief U.S. economist Ellen Zentner echoed Rieder’s comments in a Tuesday research note, saying that the latest inflation report is “welcome news for the Fed.”

If the Fed does pause its rate hikes, or pivots to rate cuts, it would provide a runway for stocks that have been held down by rising borrowing costs.

“Inflation is easing and the Fed is on track to downshift the pace of rate increases,” Jeffrey Roach, chief economist for LPL Financial, told Fortune. “In the near term, investors should respond favorably to these encouraging moves.”

A look under the hood of the latest CPI report

Both headline inflation and core inflation—which excludes more volatile food and energy prices, and is more closely followed by Wall Street—surprised economists in November.

Core inflation rose 6% from a year ago last month, compared to 6.3% October, as declining used car and medical care prices helped reduce the index’s gains.

Medical care costs dropped for the second consecutive month in November, falling 0.7%. And used car prices sank for the fifth straight month, leaving them down 3.3% from a year ago.

Headline inflation also rose just 0.1% month-over-month and 7.1% from a year ago in November, as the high energy prices that have driven consumer price increases for over a year are now fading. Although energy prices were still up 13.1% from a year ago in November, they dropped 1.6% on a month-to-month basis, and oil prices are now down over 35% since June.

Food prices were still a big driver of headline inflation in the U.S., however. Total food prices jumped 0.5% in November from a month earlier and 10.6% from a year ago.

Despite the recent decline in U.S. home prices, shelter costs continued to rise in November as well. But Raymond James’ Alemán said that trend should end soon.

“Inflation was very low even as shelter prices continued to increase,” he said. “We expect shelter prices to start weakening in the coming quarters, which will add to the disinflationary pressures going forward.”

Another bright spot in the latest CPI report was the deceleration in services prices, LPL Financial’s Roach said. Total services prices, which make up roughly 60% of the CPI, rose 0.3% from a month ago in November. That’s the smallest monthly increase since July.

Economists have been closely watching services inflation as consumers shift their spending from goods to services like travel as pandemic restrictions fade globally.

Not so fast

While many economists and investors are celebrating the inflation’s recent downtrend, others warn the road ahead could be bumpy for the U.S. economy and stocks.

“While Tuesday’s report showed a deceleration in inflation, which is great news, inflation is still very elevated and is over three times greater than the Fed’s 2% target, so this isn’t time for the Fed to take a victory lap,” Nancy Davis, founder of Quadratic Capital Management, told Fortune.

Davis, who also serves as the portfolio manager of the Quadratic Interest Rate Volatility and Inflation Hedge ETF (IVOL), said it’s possible inflation will remain well above the Fed’s 2% target all of next year.

“The market seems to think the inflation fight is almost over, and we don’t believe that confidence is warranted,” she said. “The pace at which the market expects inflation to decline seems very optimistic.”

Most investment banks aren’t forecasting a great year for stocks in 2023 either. Morgan Stanley sees the S&P 500 trading down to 3,900 next year, versus 4,000 today, while Goldman Sachs and Bank of America are both expecting the blue-chip index to end the year at 4,000.

The S&P 500 spiked over 2% on Tuesday morning after the latest inflation report was released, but has since given back most of its gains.

For investors, the positive inflation report could be a trap, Gina Bolvin, president of Bolvin Wealth Management Group, told Fortune.

“While today’s numbers show a good trend, investors shouldn’t overreact,” Bolvin said.

“The last time the market rallied over softer inflation data, we experienced the Jackson Hole jolt, where Powell pushed back and reiterated hikes,” she added in a reference to Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s hawkish comments at the central bank’s annual symposium in August that left markets reeling.

Still, some experts argue that inflation is now all but defeated, which means avoiding a recession is now possible, despite consistent doomsday predictions from Wall Street. And that should benefit stocks.

“Today’s report suggests we’re on the road to a soft landing,” David Russell, vice president of market intelligence at TradeStation Group, told Fortune. “The Fed will keep talking tough…But we seem to have turned a corner on inflation. Santa could be coming to town this year.”

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