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内部提拔还是外部“引援”?凯雷集团新任CEO难产

内部提拔还是外部“引援”?凯雷集团新任CEO难产

LUISA BELTRAN 2022-11-01
凯雷集团新任首席执行官很可能需要常驻美国,无论谁接手这一职位,都必须意志坚定、通情达理,还要能够适应公司复杂的环境。

凯雷集团新任首席执行官很可能需要常驻美国,无论谁接手这一职位,都必须意志坚定、通情达理,还要能够适应公司复杂的环境。图片来源:GETTY IMAGES

“接班大事”一直是困扰各大公司的难题。而对一众上市另类投资管理公司来说,挑选新一代领导者尤其令人头疼。

多年以来,凯雷投资集团(Carlyle,以下简称凯雷)、黑石集团(Blackstone)、阿波罗全球管理公司(Apollo Global Management)、TPG和KKR等私募股权巨头日渐老去的领导层一直拒绝退居幕后,不愿将公司控制权交给新一代接班人。但在过去五年,上述公司几乎都已启动权力交接。2017年,凯雷任命格伦·扬金和李揆晟担任联席首席执行官,成为最早行动的公司之一。2020年,扬金从凯雷离职,并于一年后当选弗吉尼亚州州长,李揆晟就此成为凯雷唯一的首席执行官。但他独揽大权的时间并不长:今年8月,凯雷宣布,李揆晟已经正式离任。

凯雷目前正在寻找接替他的人选,并聘请了猎头公司罗盛咨询(Russell Reynolds Associates)负责相关事务。一位知情人士说,凯雷新任首席执行官很可能需要常驻美国,无论谁接手这一职位,都必须意志坚定、通情达理,还要能够适应公司的复杂环境,但是不能像李揆晟那样“手段毒辣”。该知情人士表示:“(李揆晟)做事相当果断,但凯雷上下没人真心喜欢他”。

在李揆晟的领导下,凯雷成功完成了业务多元化转型,将触角伸入了信贷(包括直接贷款)、困境资产和特殊机遇投资以及贷款抵押债券等高增长领域。在李揆晟任职期间,凯雷还将业务扩展到保险业,收购了再保险公司Fortitude Re的少数股权。今年7月,信贷业务已占该公司管理的3760亿美元总资产的38%,较2021年第二季度的22%大幅提升。全球私募股权业务的占比则从去年第二季度的约54%降到了现在的44%。然而凯雷的股价表现却逊于其他巨头。今年以来,受市场普遍萎缩、通胀担忧和俄乌战争影响,诸多上市另类资产管理公司(包括黑石集团、KKR和阿波罗全球管理公司)的股价均出现下跌。

而凯雷在上述企业中表现最差,今年以来,其股价已下跌约53%。凯雷最新美国并购基金的筹资速度也有所放缓。该公司正寻求为Carlyle Partners VIII基金融资220亿美元。今年2月,凯雷表示,已为该基金筹集到约114亿美元,7月,这一数字达到136亿美元。但据彭博社(Bloomberg)报道,该基金募资规模仍未达预期(170亿美元)。

公平而言,所有上市另类资产管理公司对今年的融资环境有所怨言,由于一众公司都在寻找资金,募资难度进一步增大。一位知情人士表示:“凯雷目前感觉有点像是处于转型的“阵痛期”,基本面很好,只是业绩表现不如其他巨头。”

虽然凯雷尚未公开候选人名单,但确实在对公司内外的候选人进行比较。该公司按计划于11月8日公布第三季度业绩,但届时估计不会宣布新任掌门人选。(凯雷拒绝对此置评。)

另有知情人士表示,已经有几位内部高管投身这场“CEO大位”之争,其中包括凯雷企业私募股权业务首席投资官兼美洲私募股权业务主席彼得·克莱尔和全球信贷主管马克·詹金斯。克莱尔已在凯雷供职约30年时间,其间担任过多个职位(包括美国收购与增长投资委员会主席)。而詹金斯则是于2016年加入的凯雷,此前他是加拿大退休金计划投资委员会(Canada Pension Plan Investment Board)高级董事总经理兼全球私人投资业务主管。克莱尔和詹金斯均为新成立的首席执行官办公室高管团队成员,在新任首席执行官人选确定前,该办公室负责协助凯雷联合创始人、前联合首席执行官威廉·康威扮演好临时首席执行官的角色。(罗盛咨询拒绝对此置评。)

在此次寻找首席执行官的过程中,凯雷或可解决困扰私募基金已久的多样性问题。在雇佣女性方面,私募基金的表现谈不上亮眼。Preqin的《另类资产投资领域中的女性(2022)》(Women in Alternatives Assets 2022)报告显示,在另类资产投资领域(包括私募股权、风险投资和对冲基金),女性员工占比仅为约21%,女性高管的占比更是低到约13%。

相比之下,凯雷向来喜欢高调宣传自己在员工多样性方面的“丰功伟绩”,宣扬自己雇佣的女性员工数量比其他所有私募巨头都多。美国证交会提交的一份文件显示,凯雷目前拥有1900多名员工,其中包括近743名投资专业人士,分布在五大洲的26个办事处。截至目前,凯雷近一半(45%)员工为女性,在该公司常驻美国的高管中,约22%为女性。

如果能选择一位女性担任首席执行官一职,凯雷将立刻从一众由男性领导的竞争对手中脱颖而出。在凯雷的“多样性武器库”中,有一个人的名字不得不提,那就是凯雷合伙人——桑德拉·霍巴赫。霍巴赫以善于突破私募领域的种种障碍而闻名,而且被视为私募领域最有权势的女性之一。1992年,霍巴赫获任Forstmann Little公司合伙人,成为首个在大型私募公司获得这一头衔的女性。2005年,霍巴赫加入凯雷,并发起成立了消费者和零售团队。凯雷的一些高光投资也是由霍巴赫一手操办,例如2011年上市的Dunkin’ Brands以及2014年被苹果公司以30亿美元收购的耳机制造商Beats Electronics。2016年,霍巴赫被任命为凯雷美国收购部门的联席主管,成为首个担任这一职位的女性,再次完成突破。霍巴赫目前与另一位联席主管兼董事总经理布莱恩·贝纳塞克共同负责监督凯雷在美国的所有收购交易。在凯雷全球投资组合解决方案(Carlyle global portfolio solutions,一本行动手册,用于帮助凯雷旗下投资组合公司实现业绩增长。)的推出过程中,她也扮演了关键角色。

霍巴赫似乎是接任凯雷首席执行官一职的绝佳人选,只是这种情况可能不会发生。据第一位消息人士称,霍巴赫对首席执行官的职位兴趣不大,并补充说:“她喜欢做交易。”

也有人提到纳斯达克总裁兼首席执行官阿德娜·弗里德曼,认为她也是可能的候选人,但弗里德曼重返凯雷的可能性似乎微乎其微。2011年3月至2014年5月,弗里德曼曾担任凯雷首席财务官兼董事总经理。2012年5月,凯雷成功上市,她在这一过程中发挥了关键作用。据报道,弗里德曼与凯雷联合创始人之一、非执行联合董事长大卫·鲁宾斯坦关系密切。

弗里德曼在凯雷任职时,与迈克尔·卡瓦纳多有交集,后者曾在摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)任投资银行部联席主管一职,也曾是杰米·戴蒙的高级副手,于2014年3月加入凯雷。卡瓦纳曾与扬金共同担任联席总裁一职,当时二人被视为凯雷的未来。两个月后,2014年5月,弗里德曼离开凯雷,加入纳斯达克出任联席总裁,2015年成为纳斯达克首席运营官,2017年1月开始担任纳斯达克首席执行官一职。更重要的是,据一份8-K表(8K filing)显示,2021年11月,弗里德曼与纳斯达克签署了一份为期5年的合同,直到2027年1月1日双方合同才会到期。“(弗里德曼)绝对是想留在纳斯达克,”另一位接近该交易所的消息人士称。

与此同时,卡瓦纳于2015年5月离开凯雷,加入康卡斯特(Comcast)出任首席财务官一职。本月初,他刚被任命为康卡斯特总裁。(纳斯达克拒绝置评,康卡斯特未回复置评请求;霍巴赫、克莱尔或詹金斯均未作出回应。)

凯雷寻找新任首席执行官的工作还将继续,从其过去五年的经历似乎可以得出一个清晰教训,那就是:如果选中的领导者不能长期任职,管理层就只能提前下场寻找下一位继任者。(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

“接班大事”一直是困扰各大公司的难题。而对一众上市另类投资管理公司来说,挑选新一代领导者尤其令人头疼。

多年以来,凯雷投资集团(Carlyle,以下简称凯雷)、黑石集团(Blackstone)、阿波罗全球管理公司(Apollo Global Management)、TPG和KKR等私募股权巨头日渐老去的领导层一直拒绝退居幕后,不愿将公司控制权交给新一代接班人。但在过去五年,上述公司几乎都已启动权力交接。2017年,凯雷任命格伦·扬金和李揆晟担任联席首席执行官,成为最早行动的公司之一。2020年,扬金从凯雷离职,并于一年后当选弗吉尼亚州州长,李揆晟就此成为凯雷唯一的首席执行官。但他独揽大权的时间并不长:今年8月,凯雷宣布,李揆晟已经正式离任。

凯雷目前正在寻找接替他的人选,并聘请了猎头公司罗盛咨询(Russell Reynolds Associates)负责相关事务。一位知情人士说,凯雷新任首席执行官很可能需要常驻美国,无论谁接手这一职位,都必须意志坚定、通情达理,还要能够适应公司的复杂环境,但是不能像李揆晟那样“手段毒辣”。该知情人士表示:“(李揆晟)做事相当果断,但凯雷上下没人真心喜欢他”。

在李揆晟的领导下,凯雷成功完成了业务多元化转型,将触角伸入了信贷(包括直接贷款)、困境资产和特殊机遇投资以及贷款抵押债券等高增长领域。在李揆晟任职期间,凯雷还将业务扩展到保险业,收购了再保险公司Fortitude Re的少数股权。今年7月,信贷业务已占该公司管理的3760亿美元总资产的38%,较2021年第二季度的22%大幅提升。全球私募股权业务的占比则从去年第二季度的约54%降到了现在的44%。然而凯雷的股价表现却逊于其他巨头。今年以来,受市场普遍萎缩、通胀担忧和俄乌战争影响,诸多上市另类资产管理公司(包括黑石集团、KKR和阿波罗全球管理公司)的股价均出现下跌。

而凯雷在上述企业中表现最差,今年以来,其股价已下跌约53%。凯雷最新美国并购基金的筹资速度也有所放缓。该公司正寻求为Carlyle Partners VIII基金融资220亿美元。今年2月,凯雷表示,已为该基金筹集到约114亿美元,7月,这一数字达到136亿美元。但据彭博社(Bloomberg)报道,该基金募资规模仍未达预期(170亿美元)。

公平而言,所有上市另类资产管理公司对今年的融资环境有所怨言,由于一众公司都在寻找资金,募资难度进一步增大。一位知情人士表示:“凯雷目前感觉有点像是处于转型的“阵痛期”,基本面很好,只是业绩表现不如其他巨头。”

虽然凯雷尚未公开候选人名单,但确实在对公司内外的候选人进行比较。该公司按计划于11月8日公布第三季度业绩,但届时估计不会宣布新任掌门人选。(凯雷拒绝对此置评。)

另有知情人士表示,已经有几位内部高管投身这场“CEO大位”之争,其中包括凯雷企业私募股权业务首席投资官兼美洲私募股权业务主席彼得·克莱尔和全球信贷主管马克·詹金斯。克莱尔已在凯雷供职约30年时间,其间担任过多个职位(包括美国收购与增长投资委员会主席)。而詹金斯则是于2016年加入的凯雷,此前他是加拿大退休金计划投资委员会(Canada Pension Plan Investment Board)高级董事总经理兼全球私人投资业务主管。克莱尔和詹金斯均为新成立的首席执行官办公室高管团队成员,在新任首席执行官人选确定前,该办公室负责协助凯雷联合创始人、前联合首席执行官威廉·康威扮演好临时首席执行官的角色。(罗盛咨询拒绝对此置评。)

在此次寻找首席执行官的过程中,凯雷或可解决困扰私募基金已久的多样性问题。在雇佣女性方面,私募基金的表现谈不上亮眼。Preqin的《另类资产投资领域中的女性(2022)》(Women in Alternatives Assets 2022)报告显示,在另类资产投资领域(包括私募股权、风险投资和对冲基金),女性员工占比仅为约21%,女性高管的占比更是低到约13%。

相比之下,凯雷向来喜欢高调宣传自己在员工多样性方面的“丰功伟绩”,宣扬自己雇佣的女性员工数量比其他所有私募巨头都多。美国证交会提交的一份文件显示,凯雷目前拥有1900多名员工,其中包括近743名投资专业人士,分布在五大洲的26个办事处。截至目前,凯雷近一半(45%)员工为女性,在该公司常驻美国的高管中,约22%为女性。

如果能选择一位女性担任首席执行官一职,凯雷将立刻从一众由男性领导的竞争对手中脱颖而出。在凯雷的“多样性武器库”中,有一个人的名字不得不提,那就是凯雷合伙人——桑德拉·霍巴赫。霍巴赫以善于突破私募领域的种种障碍而闻名,而且被视为私募领域最有权势的女性之一。1992年,霍巴赫获任Forstmann Little公司合伙人,成为首个在大型私募公司获得这一头衔的女性。2005年,霍巴赫加入凯雷,并发起成立了消费者和零售团队。凯雷的一些高光投资也是由霍巴赫一手操办,例如2011年上市的Dunkin’ Brands以及2014年被苹果公司以30亿美元收购的耳机制造商Beats Electronics。2016年,霍巴赫被任命为凯雷美国收购部门的联席主管,成为首个担任这一职位的女性,再次完成突破。霍巴赫目前与另一位联席主管兼董事总经理布莱恩·贝纳塞克共同负责监督凯雷在美国的所有收购交易。在凯雷全球投资组合解决方案(Carlyle global portfolio solutions,一本行动手册,用于帮助凯雷旗下投资组合公司实现业绩增长。)的推出过程中,她也扮演了关键角色。

霍巴赫似乎是接任凯雷首席执行官一职的绝佳人选,只是这种情况可能不会发生。据第一位消息人士称,霍巴赫对首席执行官的职位兴趣不大,并补充说:“她喜欢做交易。”

也有人提到纳斯达克总裁兼首席执行官阿德娜·弗里德曼,认为她也是可能的候选人,但弗里德曼重返凯雷的可能性似乎微乎其微。2011年3月至2014年5月,弗里德曼曾担任凯雷首席财务官兼董事总经理。2012年5月,凯雷成功上市,她在这一过程中发挥了关键作用。据报道,弗里德曼与凯雷联合创始人之一、非执行联合董事长大卫·鲁宾斯坦关系密切。

弗里德曼在凯雷任职时,与迈克尔·卡瓦纳多有交集,后者曾在摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)任投资银行部联席主管一职,也曾是杰米·戴蒙的高级副手,于2014年3月加入凯雷。卡瓦纳曾与扬金共同担任联席总裁一职,当时二人被视为凯雷的未来。两个月后,2014年5月,弗里德曼离开凯雷,加入纳斯达克出任联席总裁,2015年成为纳斯达克首席运营官,2017年1月开始担任纳斯达克首席执行官一职。更重要的是,据一份8-K表(8K filing)显示,2021年11月,弗里德曼与纳斯达克签署了一份为期5年的合同,直到2027年1月1日双方合同才会到期。“(弗里德曼)绝对是想留在纳斯达克,”另一位接近该交易所的消息人士称。

与此同时,卡瓦纳于2015年5月离开凯雷,加入康卡斯特(Comcast)出任首席财务官一职。本月初,他刚被任命为康卡斯特总裁。(纳斯达克拒绝置评,康卡斯特未回复置评请求;霍巴赫、克莱尔或詹金斯均未作出回应。)

凯雷寻找新任首席执行官的工作还将继续,从其过去五年的经历似乎可以得出一个清晰教训,那就是:如果选中的领导者不能长期任职,管理层就只能提前下场寻找下一位继任者。(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

Whoever Carlyle hires as its next CEO would need to be a strong-willed executive, likely based in the U.S., who is reasonable, and can adapt to a complex firm.

Succession is never easy. But for a swath of publicly traded alternative investment managers, anointing the next generation of leaders has been particularly fraught.

For years, the aging leaders of Carlyle, Blackstone, Apollo Global Management, TPG, and KKR refused to step back and allow the next generation to take the reins. But in the past five years, nearly all the firms have set out the next phase of their leadership. Carlyle was one of the first to lay out its plans when in 2017 it named Glenn Youngkin and Kewsong Lee as co-CEOs. Youngkin retired from Carlyle in 2020 and, a year later, was elected governor of Virginia. This left Lee as sole CEO of Carlyle. But his tenure was short: In August, Carlyle announced Lee’s departure.

Carlyle is now on the hunt to find his replacement, and has retained executive search firm Russell Reynolds Associates. Whoever Carlyle hires would need to be a strong-willed executive, likely based in the U.S., who is reasonable, can adapt to a complex firm and lacks the “sharp elbows” that Lee was known for, one person familiar with the situation said. “[Lee is] a pretty decisive guy. But no one [at Carlyle] really liked him,” the person said.

Under Lee, Carlyle successfully diversified into growth classes like credit, including direct lending, distressed and special situations, and CLOs. Carlyle, during Lee’s tenure, expanded into insurance, taking a minority stake in reinsurer Fortitude Re. In July, credit at Carlyle accounted for 38% of the firm’s $376 billion in total assets under management, up from 22% in the second quarter of 2021. Global private equity comprised 44%, down from about 54% in Q2 of last year. Carlyle, however, has lagged its peers in terms of stock price. Many of the public alt managers—including Blackstone, KKR, and Apollo Global Management—have seen their shares drop this year due to the broad market contraction, inflation fears, and the war in Ukraine.

Carlyle, however, is the worst performer of the group, with its stock tanking about 53% this year. Fundraising for Carlyle’s latest U.S. buyout fund has also slowed. The firm is seeking to raise $22 billion for Carlyle Partners VIII. In February, Carlyle said it had collected about $11.4 billion for the pool, which jumped to $13.6 billion in July. This is below the $17 billon Carlyle had expected to raise by this time, Bloomberg said.

To be fair, all the public alt managers have complained that fundraising this year has become more difficult with so many firms out seeking money. “Carlyle at this moment is a bit of a turnaround,” one person familiar with the situation said. “It has great bones but has fallen behind all its big competitors.”

While Carlyle hasn’t made public who it is considering, the firm is weighing both internal and external candidates. The alt manager is scheduled to report its third-quarter results on Nov. 8 but is not expected to announce its new leader. (Carlyle declined to comment.)

Several internal executives have thrown their hat into the ring for the CEO spot, a second person familiar with the situation said. Names that have arisen include Peter Clare, Carlyle chief investment officer for corporate private equity and chairman of Americas private equity, and Mark Jenkins, head of global credit. Clare has spent about 30 years at Carlyle, holding several positions at the firm including chair of the U.S. buyout and the growth investment committees. Jenkins, meanwhile, joined Carlyle in 2016 from Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, where he was a senior managing director and global head of private investments. Clare and Jenkins are part of a team of executives named to the newly established Office of the CEO that is working with William Conway, a Carlyle cofounder and ex-co-CEO, as he serves as interim CEO. (Russell Reynolds declined comment.)

With its search, Carlyle could address a topic that has bedeviled private equity: diversity. PE firms are not strong employers of women. About 21% of the alternative asset industry, which includes private equity, venture capital, and hedge funds, are women, according to a Preqin report “Women in Alternatives Assets 2022.” Roughly 13% of alt senior roles are held by women, the report said.

By comparison, Carlyle has long touted its diversity, boasting that it employs more women than many other large PE firms. Carlyle numbers more than 1,900 people, including nearly 743 investment professionals, spread across 26 offices in five continents, according to an SEC filing. Year to date, nearly half, or 45%, of its employees were women, while 22% of Carlyle senior leaders in the U.S. were female.

Picking a woman as CEO would set Carlyle apart from its rivals, which are all led by men. One of the major weapons in its diversity arsenal is Sandra Horbach, a Carlyle partner. Horbach is known for breaking down barriers in private equity and is considered one of the most powerful women in PE. In 1992, she was named a partner at Forstmann Little, becoming the first woman to earn that title at a major private equity firm. She joined Carlyle in 2005, where she launched and built the consumer and retail team. Horbach led some of Carlyle’s most well-known investments, including Dunkin’ Brands, which went public in 2011, and Beats Electronics, the headphone maker that Apple scooped up in 2014 for $3 billion. In 2016, Horbach toppled another barrier when she was named co-head of Carlyle’s U.S. buyout arm. Along with Brian Bernasek, co-head and a managing director, Horbach currently oversees all buyout deals for Carlyle in the U.S. She was also integral in launching Carlyle global portfolio solutions, a playbook used by its portfolio companies to grow.

Horbach would seem like a great choice to take over the CEO role at Carlyle. Only that’s likely not happening. Horbach has little interest in the CEO position, the first source said, adding: “She’s a deal person.”

Some have mentioned Adena Friedman, president and CEO of Nasdaq, as a possible candidate, but her return to Carlyle seems extremely unlikely. Friedman served as CFO and managing director of Carlyle from March 2011 to May 2014. She played a critical role in helping take Carlyle public in May 2012. Friedman is reportedly close to David Rubenstein, one of Carlyle’s cofounders and nonexecutive cochairman.

Friedman’s time at Carlyle is intertwined with that of Michael Cavanagh, the former co-head of investment banking at JPMorgan Chase and a top Jamie Dimon lieutenant, who joined Carlyle in March of 2014. Cavanagh was named co-president with Youngkin; the two execs were anointed the future of Carlyle. Two months later, in May 2014, Friedman left Carlyle to serve as Nasdaq’s co-president. She became COO in 2015 and started her tenure as Nasdaq’s chief executive in January 2017. More important, Friedman in November 2021 signed a five-year contract with Nasdaq, which ties her to the exchange until Jan. 1, 2027, according to an 8K filing. “[Friedman] is absolutely committed to staying at Nasdaq,” a different source close to the exchange said.

Cavanagh, meanwhile, left Carlyle in May 2015, when he became CFO of Comcast. He was named president of Comcast earlier this month. (Nasdaq declined to comment, and Comcast did not return messages for comment; nor did Horbach, Clare, or Jenkins.)

As Carlyle’s search continues, one lesson seems clear from its past five years: Picking leaders who don’t last means you have to go back to the drawing board much sooner than you might have wished.

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