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美国人体力越来越差,长期新冠是主因

美国人体力越来越差,长期新冠是主因

ALEXA MIKHAIL 2022-10-16
最新研究显示,长期新冠的另外一个症状是运动能力下降。

图片来源:GETTY IMAGES

脑雾、疲劳、焦虑、失眠和情绪变化等症状,已经确定了应对长期新冠的意义。这些症状的清单似乎不会增加,但一项最新研究显示,长期新冠患者还可能出现运动能力下降,衡量标准是患者在运动期间身体的可用耗氧量以及心肺功能状况。

周三在《美国医学会杂志 - 网络版》(JAMA Network)发表的一篇研究论文中,研究人员分析了多项研究,对比了350多位新冠康复者和460多位出现长期新冠相关症状的患者,测试了他们在运动时的峰值摄氧量(被称为最大摄氧量)。

研究参与者在初次感染新冠后三个月内,在跑步机或动感单车上完成运动,并监测体内的含氧量以及心肺功能。出现长期新冠症状的患者,峰值摄氧量平均水平低于完全康复者。研究中使用任务代谢当量(MET)测量运动期间消耗的能量。

论文作者之一、加州大学旧金山分校(University of California, San Francisco)医学助理教授马特·杜尔斯滕菲尔德博士在新闻稿中表示:“峰值摄氧速率下降,相当于一位40岁女性的预期运动能力从9.5 MET,下降到8.1 MET,约为一名50岁女性的预期运动能力。”他表示,这等于从可以网球双打,变成了只能乘坐高尔夫球车打高尔夫,或者从可以游泳变成只能从事低冲击有氧运动。他强调,该项研究分析的是平均水平,具体运动能力可能因人而异。

患者感染新冠之后,尤其是住院治疗的患者,身体会出现失能,即人体对不活动状态的一种反应,这可能是长期新冠患者运动能力变化的原因。此外,研究人员还提到了呼吸功能障碍、无法提高心率和“外周血氧提取异常”(即人体无法摄入和消耗氧以保持正常身体机能)等症状,也可能是长期新冠患者运动能力下降的原因。

研究人员总结道,长期新冠患者运动能力下降有一种“适度但一致的”模式,只是由于样本规模较小,“影响量级的确定性较低”。

论文作者之一、加州大学旧金山分校医学教授普里西拉·薛博士表示:“开展潜在治疗药物试验迫在眉睫,包括康复研究,以解决失能问题,而且对于呼吸功能障碍、控制无意识身体机能的神经系统受到的损伤以及在运动时无法充分提高心率等问题,还需要进行更多研究。”(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

脑雾、疲劳、焦虑、失眠和情绪变化等症状,已经确定了应对长期新冠的意义。这些症状的清单似乎不会增加,但一项最新研究显示,长期新冠患者还可能出现运动能力下降,衡量标准是患者在运动期间身体的可用耗氧量以及心肺功能状况。

周三在《美国医学会杂志 - 网络版》(JAMA Network)发表的一篇研究论文中,研究人员分析了多项研究,对比了350多位新冠康复者和460多位出现长期新冠相关症状的患者,测试了他们在运动时的峰值摄氧量(被称为最大摄氧量)。

研究参与者在初次感染新冠后三个月内,在跑步机或动感单车上完成运动,并监测体内的含氧量以及心肺功能。出现长期新冠症状的患者,峰值摄氧量平均水平低于完全康复者。研究中使用任务代谢当量(MET)测量运动期间消耗的能量。

论文作者之一、加州大学旧金山分校(University of California, San Francisco)医学助理教授马特·杜尔斯滕菲尔德博士在新闻稿中表示:“峰值摄氧速率下降,相当于一位40岁女性的预期运动能力从9.5 MET,下降到8.1 MET,约为一名50岁女性的预期运动能力。”他表示,这等于从可以网球双打,变成了只能乘坐高尔夫球车打高尔夫,或者从可以游泳变成只能从事低冲击有氧运动。他强调,该项研究分析的是平均水平,具体运动能力可能因人而异。

患者感染新冠之后,尤其是住院治疗的患者,身体会出现失能,即人体对不活动状态的一种反应,这可能是长期新冠患者运动能力变化的原因。此外,研究人员还提到了呼吸功能障碍、无法提高心率和“外周血氧提取异常”(即人体无法摄入和消耗氧以保持正常身体机能)等症状,也可能是长期新冠患者运动能力下降的原因。

研究人员总结道,长期新冠患者运动能力下降有一种“适度但一致的”模式,只是由于样本规模较小,“影响量级的确定性较低”。

论文作者之一、加州大学旧金山分校医学教授普里西拉·薛博士表示:“开展潜在治疗药物试验迫在眉睫,包括康复研究,以解决失能问题,而且对于呼吸功能障碍、控制无意识身体机能的神经系统受到的损伤以及在运动时无法充分提高心率等问题,还需要进行更多研究。”(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Brain fog, fatigue, anxiety, trouble sleeping, and changes in mood, among other symptoms, have begun to define what it means to battle long COVID. It seems the list can’t get any longer, but new research suggests those with long COVID may also have reduced exercise capacity, measured by how much oxygen your body can use and how your heart and lungs function during exercise.

In a study published Wednesday in JAMA Network, researchers analyzed a variety of studies to compare over 350 people who recovered from a COVID-19 infection with over 460 people who experience symptoms related to long COVID to test their peak oxygen consumed during exercise (known as VO2 max).

The participants completed exercises using a treadmill or stationary bike, and oxygen levels were monitored along with measurements of heart and lung function over three months after the initial COVID-19 infection. On average, the people experiencing long COVID symptoms had a lower peak oxygen level than those who were fully recovered. This is expressed by the metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) measuring energy expended during exercise.

“This decline in oxygen peak rate would roughly translate to a 40-year-old woman with an expected exercise capacity of 9.5 METs, dropping to 8.1 METs, the approximate expected exercise capacity for a 50-year-old woman,” says Dr. Matt Durstenfeld, an author on the study and assistant professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, in a press release. This can look like switching from doubles tennis to golfing using a cart, or going to low-impact aerobics instead of swimming laps, he adds, emphasizing that the study looked at averages so exercise capacity still varies by person.

Deconditioning, or the body’s response to the inactivity that can happen post-COVID infection and particularly for those hospitalized, could explain the change in exercise capacity for those with long COVID. Further, the researchers point to dysfunctional breathing patterns, the inability to increase heart rate, and “abnormal peripheral oxygen extraction” or the body’s trouble extracting and using oxygen to operate properly, which may also explain the reduced exercise capacity for those with long COVID.

The researchers conclude that there is a “modest but consistent” pattern that those with long COVID have a reduced exercise capacity, although there remains “low certainty in the magnitude of the effect,” in part due to the small sample size.

“Trials of potential therapies are urgently needed, including studies of rehabilitation to address deconditioning, as well as further investigation into dysfunctional breathing, damage to the nerves that control automatic body functions and the inability to increase the heart rate adequately during exercise,” says Dr. Priscilla Hsue, an author of the study and professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, in the press release.

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