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加密货币圈红人迈克尔·塞勒被举报逃税,举报者提供了许多详细证据

加密货币圈红人迈克尔·塞勒被举报逃税,举报者提供了许多详细证据

Shawn Tully 2022-09-09
这位派头十足的加密货币推广者,在加密货币圈备受尊敬并且有巨大影响力,却被指控诈骗。

MicroStrategy公司的联合创始人迈克尔·塞勒面临逃税2,500万美元的诉讼。图片来源:MARCO BELLO/GETTY IMAGES

今年8月31日,美国哥伦比亚特区提起民事诉讼,指控比特币(Bitcoin)的主要传道者迈克尔·塞勒在当地逃税2,500万美元,引起了轩然大波。到目前为止,此次诉讼中披露的信息尚未动摇这款旗舰加密货币的价格。但这些信息却披露了一则精彩的故事:一位派头十足的加密货币推广者,在加密货币圈备受尊敬并且有巨大影响力,却被指控诈骗,而且他对自己的骗术沾沾自喜,禁不住向人们自吹自擂,这个缺点似乎恰好证明了他的失败。

诉状称,塞勒曾经嘲笑在哥伦比亚特区缴税的其他富人是“傻瓜”,并诱导朋友学习他的做法。最令人震惊的是,塞勒被指控招募在MicroStrategy的部下,精心谋划了一份错综复杂的欺诈计划。这家开创性数据分析公司的员工受到老板威胁,被迫屈服,尽管他们很清楚塞勒明目张胆地逃税数百万美元,并让他创立的公司面临风险。

哥伦比亚特区之所以提起诉讼,是因为此前收到了举报。哥伦比亚特区很早之前就出台了《虚假申报法案》(False Claims Act),例如收费过高或者未能完成施工项目的承包商,就属于该法案的管辖范围。2021年,哥伦比亚特区更新了该项法律,允许国民对于“高收入公司和个人”的逃税行为提起诉讼,而哥伦比亚特区则作为共同原告。2021年8月,举报者首次起诉,指控塞勒非法逃税2,500万美元。起诉书被封存并一直作为机密,直到哥伦比亚特区在8月最后一天单独提起诉讼,其中指控的罪名与举报者的指控基本相同。

显然,举报者很了解迈克尔·塞勒,而且从其对MicroStrategy内部争权夺利状况的了解程度来看,举报者很有可能是级别较高的高管。事实上,举报者提供的信息非常详细。举报信称,塞勒从2013年到2020年大多数时间都生活在哥伦比亚特区,但在税务申报时却声称自己住在免征所得税的佛罗里达州。起诉书中用许多有趣的小事,证明了塞勒对于美国首都的眷恋,比如塞勒将乔治城邻水的三套高档公寓合成一套占地7,000平方英尺(约650.32平方米)的顶层公寓,将其命名为Trigate,并且大多数时间都生活在里面。他还在房前的码头上停泊了游艇和备用游艇,他经常到一家高档餐厅Cafe Milano与他人见面,他还热衷于乘坐MicroStrategy的庞巴迪环球快线(Bombardier Global Express)私人飞机在全世界奔波。而美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)保存的飞行记录提供了“近乎完美的证据,记录了塞勒在过去二十年出入哥伦比亚特区的信息。”

起诉书称,在2012年,塞勒以1,310万美元的价格,在迈阿密海滩购买了一套海湾沿岸的地中海风格豪宅,名为Villa Vecchia。不久之后,他取得了当地的驾照,并在佛罗里达州注册选民资格,开始在当地进行税务申报,尽管他大多数时间都在哥伦比亚特区,经常前往MicroStrategy位于弗吉尼亚州泰森斯角的总部,并且“沉迷于哥伦比亚特区的各种社交场合。”起诉书称:“他甚至表示,来自纽约、加利福尼亚或哥伦比亚特区的朋友,如果没有用类似的方式在佛罗里达州买房并在那里居住一段时间,从而规避各州征收的个人所得税,他们就是‘傻瓜’。”

举报者进一步爆料,证明塞勒在佛罗里达州生活的时间相对很短,他一年大多数时间都住在Trigate。他表示,塞勒仅在佛罗里达州参加了三次大选的投票,每次用的都是从位于弗吉尼亚州的办公室邮寄的缺席选票。哥伦比亚特区的诉状中还复制了塞勒从2012年申报居住地为佛罗里达之后在社交媒体上发布的帖子,作为证明塞勒并未搬家的证据。例如,他曾经骄傲地在Facebook上发布照片,炫耀他在乔治城富丽堂皇的豪宅与临近公寓合成奢侈的Trigate的工程,已经进入最后阶段。在照片的文字说明中,塞勒称赞“我未来的家”,并哀叹在美好的秋日清晨离开家是“多么艰难”。

举报信也整理了社交媒体上的证据、美国联邦航空管理局的航空数据,最有趣的是“来自他身边人的证词”,证明塞勒从2013年到2019年分别在佛罗里达州和哥伦比亚特区停留的天数。根据哥伦比亚特区法律规定,往返哥伦比亚特区的商务旅行或休闲旅行时间不作为税务意义上离开该地区的天数计算,比如如果你申报自己离开哥伦比亚特区半年之久,那么你在当地就不会有欠税。起诉书指控从2014年至2019年,塞勒在哥伦比亚特区居住的时间在270天至331天之间,包括往返哥伦比亚特区的行程。他任何一年在佛罗里达州生活的时间都没有超过71天。因此,塞勒并没有在佛罗里达州住满183天,不符合作为该州居民的条件。通过跟踪他的行动轨迹确认,他本人大多数时间都生活在哥伦比亚特区,或者乘飞机往返哥伦比亚特区。唯一的例外是2012年。尽管如此,塞勒2012年在哥伦比亚生活的时间依旧比其在佛罗里达生活的时间多70天,这意味着他当年同样在哥伦比亚特区欠缴税款。

起诉书要求对塞勒处以巨额罚款

哥伦比亚特区的起诉书称,塞勒实际上是与MicroStrategy达成了“恶魔契约”,共同实施诈骗。起诉书指控在2014年,该公司的首席财务官统计了塞勒在哥伦比亚特区和佛罗里达州居住的天数,并确认公司老板实际上生活在哥伦比亚特区。但多年来,MicroStrategy向联邦官员申报的他的居住地一直都是在佛罗里达州,包括在首席执行官的W-2申报表中。这位不具名的首席财务官告诉塞勒,他无法再为虚假申报的塞勒实际居住地“辩解”。起诉书称:“首席财务官向塞勒提出了他逃税诈骗的问题,认为这可能给公司带来责任。”

但塞勒并没有同意MicroStrategy申报他的实际居住地,来安抚这位首席财务官。相反,起诉书称,他精心策划了一项策略,由公司协助隐瞒其欺诈行为。他同意未来每年仅领取1美元名义工资。他的策略认为,这样做可以减少引起哥伦比亚特区税务部门关注的概率。与此同时,MicroStrategy大幅增加了向塞勒发放的私人飞机出行、用车和司机以及一名安保人员的额外津贴。该公司利用这些福利掩盖了应该缴纳的联邦税费。以不领取工资但多领取额外津贴作为交换,换取公司承担谎报塞勒税务状况的风险,那位首席财务官最终接受了这种做法。起诉书还指控,薪酬委员会与审计委员会主席都批准了这笔交易。

正常情况下,在哥伦比亚特区,这些非现金项目将被视为薪酬,全部应该缴税。但由于塞勒声称自己是佛罗里达州居民,因此这些额外津贴并未在哥伦比亚特区申报。显然,塞勒和公司首席财务官认为,利用这些额外福利取代发放现金,能够保证避免他们的阴谋被发现。起诉书称:“协议[协助]被告塞勒掩盖其在哥伦比亚特区长期未缴纳的税费,以欺诈手段逃避在哥伦比亚特区的缴税义务。”

起诉书中还提出了其他指控。哥伦比亚特区指控,塞勒多年来曾经申报自己为弗吉尼亚州居民,后来才改为佛罗里达州。哥伦比亚特区总检察长要求塞勒补缴2,500万美元税费和10%的年利息,以及各项罚款。新欺诈法案还提出了三倍赔偿的规定,即如果塞勒败诉,他就必须支付补缴税费、利息和罚金的三倍。起诉书中并没有说明塞勒的逃税金额。起诉书还主张对MicroStrategy处以罚款,但并未说明具体金额。在8月31日召开的新闻发布会上,总检察长表示,为了解决这些指控,塞勒和他的公司将付出约1亿美元的代价。自然,到目前为止绝大部分责任将由塞勒自己承担;仅三倍赔偿补缴税款的金额就高达7,500万美元。

如果哥伦比亚特区胜诉,举报者就将获得塞勒和MicroStrategy支付金额的25%,约2,500万美元。这名举报者显然亲眼见证了塞勒夸耀自己的小聪明。

针对此次诉讼,塞勒发布了一份声明称:“十年前,我在迈阿密海滩买下了一套有悠久历史的住宅,并从弗吉尼亚州搬到了那里。虽然MicroStrategy的总部位于弗吉尼亚州,但我在佛罗里达州生活、参与投票,还报告了陪审团义务,那里是我个人和家庭生活的中心。我并不认同哥伦比亚特区的立场,期待法院可以做出公平判决。”

MicroStrategy在一份声明里表示:“本案是一起涉及塞勒先生的个人税务案件。公司对他的日常事务并不负责,也不会监督他的个人纳税责任。公司并没有与塞勒先生共谋免除他的个人纳税责任。”

MicroStrategy的股价暴跌

这起诉讼的消息曝光之后,截至9月2日下午3点左右,MicroStrategy的股价从每股245美元下跌至217美元,跌幅接近9%。但与该公司在比特币领域的灾难和糟糕的基本业绩相比,这并不可怕。在8月2日发布的第二季度财报中,该公司的营业损失高达9.18亿美元。其中该公司持有的约130,000枚比特币造成的减值损失就高达9.03亿美元。然而最糟糕的是,该公司的基本软件平台目前仍然处在亏损状态。为了购买比特币,该公司背负了高达24亿美元的巨额债务,仅这笔债务的利息,就令其微薄的营业利润显得微不足道。公司的业绩如此糟糕,以至于塞勒不得不辞去首席执行官的职位,担任执行董事长,主要负责比特币收购策略。

MicroStrategy在比特币上共花费了40亿美元,这笔资金主要来自发行新股和举债,目前每枚比特币的售价不超过20,000美元,因此其所有比特币的价值不足26亿美元。塞勒的加密货币豪赌损失了14亿美元。目前,该公司的比特币价值,仅比购买比特币的24亿美元债券贷款高2亿美元。这些贷款将在2025年开始到期。Bireme Capital一直看空MicroStrategy。该公司的瑞安·巴伦坦表示:“塞勒唯一的希望是比特币价格持续上涨,让他能够偿还债务。”他认为MicroStrategy的价值只有几亿美元。他的分析让人很难反驳:该公司持有的比特币净价值不足2亿美元,软件业务仍在亏损,这表明它几乎没有未来盈利的价值,因为比特币债务的4,000万美元年利息,会将任何正营业利润一扫而光。此外,塞勒投资比特币使用了巨大的杠杆,并押注比特币价格将暴涨,尽管它已经连续几个月暴跌,这种做法增加了公司股票的风险。

神奇的是,尽管受到此次诉讼的影响,MicroStrategy的市值依旧高达25亿美元。在8月中旬,其市值为40亿美元,令人难以置信。即使现在,我认为该公司的市值依旧数倍于一家盈利公司的真正价值。为什么它会一反常态?简而言之,MicroStrategy的股票是网红股,而且得益于塞勒疯狂的崇拜者,该公司的股票一直能够持续走红。到目前为止,本次诉讼并没有打破这种崇拜。但塞勒将一家曾经健康的企业,变成了史上风险最高的主要投资工具的代理人。很快,被披露的事实就会证明,曾经在推广比特币方面被视为预言者的先知,实际上像狂欢节上的狂欢者一样,一方面被指控税务欺诈,一方面又认为自己战无不胜不会被抓,但在向举报者吹嘘的时候却掉下了舞台。很快,市场也会让MicroStrategy尝到苦果。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

今年8月31日,美国哥伦比亚特区提起民事诉讼,指控比特币(Bitcoin)的主要传道者迈克尔·塞勒在当地逃税2,500万美元,引起了轩然大波。到目前为止,此次诉讼中披露的信息尚未动摇这款旗舰加密货币的价格。但这些信息却披露了一则精彩的故事:一位派头十足的加密货币推广者,在加密货币圈备受尊敬并且有巨大影响力,却被指控诈骗,而且他对自己的骗术沾沾自喜,禁不住向人们自吹自擂,这个缺点似乎恰好证明了他的失败。

诉状称,塞勒曾经嘲笑在哥伦比亚特区缴税的其他富人是“傻瓜”,并诱导朋友学习他的做法。最令人震惊的是,塞勒被指控招募在MicroStrategy的部下,精心谋划了一份错综复杂的欺诈计划。这家开创性数据分析公司的员工受到老板威胁,被迫屈服,尽管他们很清楚塞勒明目张胆地逃税数百万美元,并让他创立的公司面临风险。

哥伦比亚特区之所以提起诉讼,是因为此前收到了举报。哥伦比亚特区很早之前就出台了《虚假申报法案》(False Claims Act),例如收费过高或者未能完成施工项目的承包商,就属于该法案的管辖范围。2021年,哥伦比亚特区更新了该项法律,允许国民对于“高收入公司和个人”的逃税行为提起诉讼,而哥伦比亚特区则作为共同原告。2021年8月,举报者首次起诉,指控塞勒非法逃税2,500万美元。起诉书被封存并一直作为机密,直到哥伦比亚特区在8月最后一天单独提起诉讼,其中指控的罪名与举报者的指控基本相同。

显然,举报者很了解迈克尔·塞勒,而且从其对MicroStrategy内部争权夺利状况的了解程度来看,举报者很有可能是级别较高的高管。事实上,举报者提供的信息非常详细。举报信称,塞勒从2013年到2020年大多数时间都生活在哥伦比亚特区,但在税务申报时却声称自己住在免征所得税的佛罗里达州。起诉书中用许多有趣的小事,证明了塞勒对于美国首都的眷恋,比如塞勒将乔治城邻水的三套高档公寓合成一套占地7,000平方英尺(约650.32平方米)的顶层公寓,将其命名为Trigate,并且大多数时间都生活在里面。他还在房前的码头上停泊了游艇和备用游艇,他经常到一家高档餐厅Cafe Milano与他人见面,他还热衷于乘坐MicroStrategy的庞巴迪环球快线(Bombardier Global Express)私人飞机在全世界奔波。而美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)保存的飞行记录提供了“近乎完美的证据,记录了塞勒在过去二十年出入哥伦比亚特区的信息。”

起诉书称,在2012年,塞勒以1,310万美元的价格,在迈阿密海滩购买了一套海湾沿岸的地中海风格豪宅,名为Villa Vecchia。不久之后,他取得了当地的驾照,并在佛罗里达州注册选民资格,开始在当地进行税务申报,尽管他大多数时间都在哥伦比亚特区,经常前往MicroStrategy位于弗吉尼亚州泰森斯角的总部,并且“沉迷于哥伦比亚特区的各种社交场合。”起诉书称:“他甚至表示,来自纽约、加利福尼亚或哥伦比亚特区的朋友,如果没有用类似的方式在佛罗里达州买房并在那里居住一段时间,从而规避各州征收的个人所得税,他们就是‘傻瓜’。”

举报者进一步爆料,证明塞勒在佛罗里达州生活的时间相对很短,他一年大多数时间都住在Trigate。他表示,塞勒仅在佛罗里达州参加了三次大选的投票,每次用的都是从位于弗吉尼亚州的办公室邮寄的缺席选票。哥伦比亚特区的诉状中还复制了塞勒从2012年申报居住地为佛罗里达之后在社交媒体上发布的帖子,作为证明塞勒并未搬家的证据。例如,他曾经骄傲地在Facebook上发布照片,炫耀他在乔治城富丽堂皇的豪宅与临近公寓合成奢侈的Trigate的工程,已经进入最后阶段。在照片的文字说明中,塞勒称赞“我未来的家”,并哀叹在美好的秋日清晨离开家是“多么艰难”。

举报信也整理了社交媒体上的证据、美国联邦航空管理局的航空数据,最有趣的是“来自他身边人的证词”,证明塞勒从2013年到2019年分别在佛罗里达州和哥伦比亚特区停留的天数。根据哥伦比亚特区法律规定,往返哥伦比亚特区的商务旅行或休闲旅行时间不作为税务意义上离开该地区的天数计算,比如如果你申报自己离开哥伦比亚特区半年之久,那么你在当地就不会有欠税。起诉书指控从2014年至2019年,塞勒在哥伦比亚特区居住的时间在270天至331天之间,包括往返哥伦比亚特区的行程。他任何一年在佛罗里达州生活的时间都没有超过71天。因此,塞勒并没有在佛罗里达州住满183天,不符合作为该州居民的条件。通过跟踪他的行动轨迹确认,他本人大多数时间都生活在哥伦比亚特区,或者乘飞机往返哥伦比亚特区。唯一的例外是2012年。尽管如此,塞勒2012年在哥伦比亚生活的时间依旧比其在佛罗里达生活的时间多70天,这意味着他当年同样在哥伦比亚特区欠缴税款。

起诉书要求对塞勒处以巨额罚款

哥伦比亚特区的起诉书称,塞勒实际上是与MicroStrategy达成了“恶魔契约”,共同实施诈骗。起诉书指控在2014年,该公司的首席财务官统计了塞勒在哥伦比亚特区和佛罗里达州居住的天数,并确认公司老板实际上生活在哥伦比亚特区。但多年来,MicroStrategy向联邦官员申报的他的居住地一直都是在佛罗里达州,包括在首席执行官的W-2申报表中。这位不具名的首席财务官告诉塞勒,他无法再为虚假申报的塞勒实际居住地“辩解”。起诉书称:“首席财务官向塞勒提出了他逃税诈骗的问题,认为这可能给公司带来责任。”

但塞勒并没有同意MicroStrategy申报他的实际居住地,来安抚这位首席财务官。相反,起诉书称,他精心策划了一项策略,由公司协助隐瞒其欺诈行为。他同意未来每年仅领取1美元名义工资。他的策略认为,这样做可以减少引起哥伦比亚特区税务部门关注的概率。与此同时,MicroStrategy大幅增加了向塞勒发放的私人飞机出行、用车和司机以及一名安保人员的额外津贴。该公司利用这些福利掩盖了应该缴纳的联邦税费。以不领取工资但多领取额外津贴作为交换,换取公司承担谎报塞勒税务状况的风险,那位首席财务官最终接受了这种做法。起诉书还指控,薪酬委员会与审计委员会主席都批准了这笔交易。

正常情况下,在哥伦比亚特区,这些非现金项目将被视为薪酬,全部应该缴税。但由于塞勒声称自己是佛罗里达州居民,因此这些额外津贴并未在哥伦比亚特区申报。显然,塞勒和公司首席财务官认为,利用这些额外福利取代发放现金,能够保证避免他们的阴谋被发现。起诉书称:“协议[协助]被告塞勒掩盖其在哥伦比亚特区长期未缴纳的税费,以欺诈手段逃避在哥伦比亚特区的缴税义务。”

起诉书中还提出了其他指控。哥伦比亚特区指控,塞勒多年来曾经申报自己为弗吉尼亚州居民,后来才改为佛罗里达州。哥伦比亚特区总检察长要求塞勒补缴2,500万美元税费和10%的年利息,以及各项罚款。新欺诈法案还提出了三倍赔偿的规定,即如果塞勒败诉,他就必须支付补缴税费、利息和罚金的三倍。起诉书中并没有说明塞勒的逃税金额。起诉书还主张对MicroStrategy处以罚款,但并未说明具体金额。在8月31日召开的新闻发布会上,总检察长表示,为了解决这些指控,塞勒和他的公司将付出约1亿美元的代价。自然,到目前为止绝大部分责任将由塞勒自己承担;仅三倍赔偿补缴税款的金额就高达7,500万美元。

如果哥伦比亚特区胜诉,举报者就将获得塞勒和MicroStrategy支付金额的25%,约2,500万美元。这名举报者显然亲眼见证了塞勒夸耀自己的小聪明。

针对此次诉讼,塞勒发布了一份声明称:“十年前,我在迈阿密海滩买下了一套有悠久历史的住宅,并从弗吉尼亚州搬到了那里。虽然MicroStrategy的总部位于弗吉尼亚州,但我在佛罗里达州生活、参与投票,还报告了陪审团义务,那里是我个人和家庭生活的中心。我并不认同哥伦比亚特区的立场,期待法院可以做出公平判决。”

MicroStrategy在一份声明里表示:“本案是一起涉及塞勒先生的个人税务案件。公司对他的日常事务并不负责,也不会监督他的个人纳税责任。公司并没有与塞勒先生共谋免除他的个人纳税责任。”

MicroStrategy的股价暴跌

这起诉讼的消息曝光之后,截至9月2日下午3点左右,MicroStrategy的股价从每股245美元下跌至217美元,跌幅接近9%。但与该公司在比特币领域的灾难和糟糕的基本业绩相比,这并不可怕。在8月2日发布的第二季度财报中,该公司的营业损失高达9.18亿美元。其中该公司持有的约130,000枚比特币造成的减值损失就高达9.03亿美元。然而最糟糕的是,该公司的基本软件平台目前仍然处在亏损状态。为了购买比特币,该公司背负了高达24亿美元的巨额债务,仅这笔债务的利息,就令其微薄的营业利润显得微不足道。公司的业绩如此糟糕,以至于塞勒不得不辞去首席执行官的职位,担任执行董事长,主要负责比特币收购策略。

MicroStrategy在比特币上共花费了40亿美元,这笔资金主要来自发行新股和举债,目前每枚比特币的售价不超过20,000美元,因此其所有比特币的价值不足26亿美元。塞勒的加密货币豪赌损失了14亿美元。目前,该公司的比特币价值,仅比购买比特币的24亿美元债券贷款高2亿美元。这些贷款将在2025年开始到期。Bireme Capital一直看空MicroStrategy。该公司的瑞安·巴伦坦表示:“塞勒唯一的希望是比特币价格持续上涨,让他能够偿还债务。”他认为MicroStrategy的价值只有几亿美元。他的分析让人很难反驳:该公司持有的比特币净价值不足2亿美元,软件业务仍在亏损,这表明它几乎没有未来盈利的价值,因为比特币债务的4,000万美元年利息,会将任何正营业利润一扫而光。此外,塞勒投资比特币使用了巨大的杠杆,并押注比特币价格将暴涨,尽管它已经连续几个月暴跌,这种做法增加了公司股票的风险。

神奇的是,尽管受到此次诉讼的影响,MicroStrategy的市值依旧高达25亿美元。在8月中旬,其市值为40亿美元,令人难以置信。即使现在,我认为该公司的市值依旧数倍于一家盈利公司的真正价值。为什么它会一反常态?简而言之,MicroStrategy的股票是网红股,而且得益于塞勒疯狂的崇拜者,该公司的股票一直能够持续走红。到目前为止,本次诉讼并没有打破这种崇拜。但塞勒将一家曾经健康的企业,变成了史上风险最高的主要投资工具的代理人。很快,被披露的事实就会证明,曾经在推广比特币方面被视为预言者的先知,实际上像狂欢节上的狂欢者一样,一方面被指控税务欺诈,一方面又认为自己战无不胜不会被抓,但在向举报者吹嘘的时候却掉下了舞台。很快,市场也会让MicroStrategy尝到苦果。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

On August 31, the District of Columbia famously filed a civil suit accusing Michael Saylor, Bitcoin’s chief proselytizer, of cheating the District out of $25 million in taxes. So far, the revelations in the action haven’t dented the flagship cryptocurrency’s price. But they present a fascinating picture of how the flamboyant promoter so revered and influential in cryptocurrency circles allegedly behaved as a conman so delighted with his scams that he couldn’t resist bragging about them, the weakness that appears to have proved his undoing.

According to the suits, Saylor mocked other well-to-do folks who paid taxes in the District as “fools,” and exhorted friends to follow his example. Most shocking, Saylor stands accused of recruiting his lieutenants at MicroStrategy to conspire in an intricate plan for orchestrating the fraud. And Saylor so intimidated the brass at the data analytics pioneer that they bowed to the boss, knowing full well he was blatantly skirting millions in taxes, and putting the enterprise he founded at risk.

The District case arises from an earlier complaint filed by a whistleblower. The District has long deployed a False Claims Act to pursue, for example, contractors who over-bill or fail to complete construction projects. In 2021, the District updated the law allowing private citizens to bring suits, with DC as co-plaintiff, against “high-earning companies and individuals” for tax evasion. In August of 2021, the whistleblower filed the first case accusing Saylor of illegally skirting $25 million in payments. The suit was sealed and remained secret until the District issued a separate action, including virtually the same charges, on the last day of August.

It’s clear that the whistleblower saw a great deal of Michael Saylor, and given the knowledge of the jockeying inside of MicroStrategy, might well have been a high-ranking executive. In fact, the whistleblower’s account is astoundingly detailed. It alleges that Saylor lived in DC most of the year from 2013 to 2020, but claimed residence in the no-income-tax state of Florida. The document is full of fun nuggets that illustrate Saylor’s attachment to the nation’s capital: How Saylor combined three luxury apartments on the Georgetown waterfront to create the 7,000 square foot penthouse he dubs Trigate, and where he really resided most of the time, the yacht and backup craft he docked in front of the abode, his regular appearances at a premier place to see and be seen, Cafe Milano, and his addiction to flying the world in MicroStrategy’s Bombardier Global Express private jet, for which the FAA maintains flight records that provide “an almost perfect representation of Saylor’s travel to and from the District” for the past two decades.

The complaint recounts that in 2012, Saylor purchased a bayfront Mediterranean mansion in Miami Beach called Villa Vecchia for $13.1 million. Shortly thereafter, he got a driver’s license and registered to vote in the Florida, and began filing his taxes in the Sunshine State, while spending most of his time in DC, commuting to MicroStrategy’s headquarters in Tyson Corner, Va and “indulg[ing] in the District’s social scene.” Adds the complaint, “He even suggested that his friends from New York, California, or the District, were ‘fools’ if they did not evade the personal income taxes imposed by their respective states by similarly acquiring a house in Florida and spending time there.”

The whistleblower dug deep to establish that Saylor spent relatively little time in Florida, and most of the year ensconced at Trigate. Saylor, he asserts, voted in only three general elections in Florida, each time by absentee ballots mailed from his corporate offices in Virginia. As evidence Saylor wasn’t relocating, the District’s suit reproduces Saylor’s social media posts from 2012, after he claimed residence in Florida. In them, he proudly displays on Facebook photos of his Georgetown pleasure dome in the final stages of unifying the neighboring units into sumptuous Trigate. In the captions, Taylor extolls “my future home” and laments “how hard” it is to leave the abode on a gorgeous fall morning.

The whistleblower suit assembles evidence from the social media posts, FAA flight data, and most intriguingly, “witness accounts from his inner circle,” to show the number of days that Saylor spent in Florida and DC respectively from 2013 to 2019. Under DC law, time on business or leisure travel where someone is simply going back and forth to the District doesn’t count as days away for tax purposes—as in claiming you’re out of DC half the year away, and hence don’t owe levies there. The complaint charges that from 2014 to 2019, Saylor resided between 270 and 331 days in DC, including trips to and from the District. In no year did he spend more than 71 days in Florida. So Saylor doesn’t come close to qualifying for the 183 days in Florida it would require to qualify as a resident in the state. Tracking his movement establishes that he was physically present in DC, or jetting in and out, the majority of days. The only exception was 2012. But even then, Saylor logged 70 more days in DC than Florida, meaning he owed taxes in the district that year, too.

The suits are demanding big payments from Saylor

The District suit alleges that Saylor effectively forged a devil’s pact with MicroStrategy to perpetuate the fraud. It charges that in 2014, the CFO counted the days Saylor was present in DC and Florida, and established that the boss was really living in the District. For years, MicroStrategy had been reporting his home to federal officials as Florida, including on the CEO’s W-2. The CFO (who is not identified by name) told Saylor that he could no longer “justify” misrepresenting Saylor’s true residency. “The CFO brought the issue of Saylor’s fraudulent tax evasion to Saylor as a potential source of liability for the company,” reads the complaint.

Saylor didn’t mollify his CFO by agreeing to have MicroStrategy declare his true residence. Instead, according to the suit, he crafted a strategy to engage the company’s assistance in concealing the fraud. Going forward, he agreed to accept a nominal salary of $1 a year. Such an arrangement, the strategy went, reduced the likelihood of attracting the DC tax authorities. At the same time, MicroStrategy substantially increased the perks awarded Saylor for personal air travel, use of a car and driver, and a security detail. The company covered the federal taxes owed on these benefits. That no salary but more perks in exchange for the risk of misreporting Saylor’s tax situation assuaged the CFO. The complaint also alleges that the chairs of the comp and audit committees approved the deal.

Normally, these non-cash items would be considered compensation, and fully taxable, in the District. But as Saylor was claiming Florida residency, the perks weren’t reported in DC. Apparently, Saylor and the CFO believed that using fringes in lieu of cash would ensure that the scheme go undetected. According to the complaint, “the agreement [aided] Defendant Saylor’s fraudulent avoidance of his obligation to pay District taxes by cloaking his perpetual non-payment of District taxes.”

The District’s action goes further. It asserts that Saylor wrongly claimed to be a Virginia resident for years prior to switching to Florida. The AG demands $25 million in back taxes from Saylor, 10% annual interest, and assorted penalties. The new fraud statute also carries treble damages, meaning that if he loses, Saylor must pay triple the amount of back taxes, interest and penalties. The complaint doesn’t give a number for the total Saylor owes. The suit is also seeking unspecified amounts from MicroStrategy. In the press release from August 31, the AG states that resolving the charges would cost Saylor and the company combined around $100 million. Naturally, the heaviest weight by far would fall on Saylor; treble damages on the back taxes alone would amount to $75 million.

If the District wins the suit, the Whistleblower—apparently a first-hand witness to Saylor’s crowing over his cleverness—would receive as much as 25% of the amount paid by Saylor and MicroStrategy, or around $25 million.

In response to the suit, Saylor issued a statement declaring, “A decade ago, I bought an historic house in Miami Beach and moved my home there from Virginia. Although MicroStrategy is based in Virginia, Florida is where I live, vote, and have reported for jury duty, and it is at the center of my personal and family life. I respectfully disagree with the position of the District of Columbia, and look forward to a fair resolution in the courts.”

In a statement, MicroStrategy said, “The case is a personal tax matter involving Mr. Saylor. The Company was not responsible for his day-to-day affairs and did not oversee his individual tax responsibilities. Nor did the Company conspire with Mr. Saylor in the discharge of his personal tax responsibilities.”

MicroStrategy’s stock takes a dive

Since news of the suit broke, MicroStrategy’s stock has tumbled from $245 a share to $217 as of mid-afternoon on September 2, a decline of almost 9%. But that’s actually not terrible given its Bitcoin misadventure and weak fundamentals. In its second quarter report released on August 2, the company booked a staggering operating loss of $918 million. That included a $903 million impairment charge from its trove of almost 130,000 Bitcoin. Most troubling, however, is that the underlying software platform is now losing money. Its puny operating profit is overwhelmed by the interest payments on the gigantic, $2.4 billion in debt amassed to buy Bitcoin. The performance was so dreadful that Saylor stepped down as CEO to become executive chairman, tasked mainly with heading the Bitcoin acquisition strategy.

Overall, MicroStrategy has spent $4 billion—financed by both new equity and debt—on Bitcoin that today sells at just under $20,000 a coin, making the company’s war chest worth under $2.6 billion. So Saylor’s lost $1.4 billion in his crypto gamble. Today, its holdings are valued at just $200 million more than the $2.4 billion in loans on bonds that funded the buying. Those credits start coming due in 2025. “Saylor’s only hope is that Bitcoin’s price keeps going up so that he can repay the debt,” says Ryan Ballentine of Bireme Capital, a firm that’s shorting MicroStrategy. He puts the company’s value at just a couple of hundred million dollars. It’s hard to argue with his analysis: The net value of its Bitcoin holdings is less than $200 million, and the software business is taking losses, and hence shows little or no worth as a future money-maker, given that the $40 million in annual interest on the Bitcoin debt would wipe out even positive operating profits. Plus, Saylor has made the stock far riskier by imposing gigantic leverage, and betting the company on the wager that Bitcoin’s price will soar, while it’s spent months in steep decline.

The miracle is that despite the hit from the lawsuit, MicroStrategy is sporting a super-inflated market cap of $2.5 billion. In mid-August, it was selling for an incredible $4 billion. Even now, I reckon that the company’s commanding a multiple of its true value as a profit-making enterprise. So why is it defying gravity? Put simply, MicroStrategy is a meme stock—and thanks to Saylor’s cult following a durable one at that. So far, the suit hasn’t destroyed that following. But Saylor’s made a once-healthy enterprise a proxy for the riskiest major investment vehicle in history. Soon, the revelation may take hold that the prophet who once looked like a seer in promoting Bitcoin is really the same carnival barker who allegedly cheated on his taxes while reckoning he was too invincible to get caught, then fell off the stage by boasting about it to a whistleblower. The markets could soon blow the whistle on MicroStrategy as well.

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