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大量美国中年人未偿还助学贷款

大量美国中年人未偿还助学贷款

Alicia Adamczyk 2022-08-21
45岁及以上的美国人未偿贷款金额远高于应届毕业生。

图片来源:MORSA IMAGES/GETTY IMAGES

虽然学生助学贷款债务经常被认为是主要影响年轻人财务状况的问题,但一项最新报告称,45岁及以上的美国人未偿贷款金额远高于应届毕业生。

对Credit Karma公司会员信息的分析发现,在背负助学贷款债务的2,100万人当中,有23%的人年龄超过45岁,平均未偿还贷款金额为47,000美元。45至54岁的X世代背负的助学贷款负债最高,平均达到49,000美元。与此同时,应届毕业生的平均未偿还助学贷款负债金额约为28,950美元。

Credit Karma的消费金融倡导者和首席人力资源官科琳·麦克里里表示,之所以X世代的未偿还助学贷款负债较高,是由于多个因素的影响。20世纪80年代和90年代初,联邦助学贷款利率高于目前的利率水平,导致未偿还贷款增长速度更快;有些借款人可能是为子女办理贷款的家长;有人则是在后来重回校园;此外,工资的上涨速度根本无法跟上生活成本的上涨速度,导致借款人可以用于偿还贷款的资金减少。

麦克里里说:“这种情况的影响是可能迫使人们推迟退休更长时间。”

麦克里里认为,这些未偿还贷款和费用可能让人们推迟退休,或者至少会增加人们的压力。Credit Karma公司65岁以上仍然背负助学贷款债务的464,000名会员,平均未偿还贷款金额为44,000美元。

麦克里里称:“人们可能在想:‘我已经有自己的房子,为什么还要关心助学贷款负债?’事实上,如果你没有按时还款,你的工资可能就会被扣押用于偿还债务,你的社保福利可能被扣押,你的残疾人福利也可能被扣押。这会令你的退休计划面临风险。”

学生债务可能很快给贷款人带来更大压力

随着9月1日日益临近,统计数据尤其令人感到担忧。两年半前新冠疫情爆发时,联邦助学贷款曾经被暂停还款,但从9月1日开始将恢复还款。

到目前为止,暂停还款计划每次期满时都会延长。但对于借款人未来是否能够继续暂停偿还每月账单,美国总统乔·拜登一直保持沉默。

麦克里里表示,在通货膨胀、房价上涨和裁员增加等情况的影响下,许多家庭可能很难恢复偿还助学贷款。Credit Karma的数据显示,该公司90%背负联邦助学贷款的会员,在暂停还款期间一直没有还款。

她说:“如果暂停还款计划结束,除非他们已经有足够还款的积蓄,否则我认为情况会变得非常危险。如果暂停还款计划不再执行,情况不容乐观。”

麦克里里建议借款人如果偿还助学贷款面临困难,就可以申请基于收入的还款计划。该计划能够降低每个月的还款金额,有些月份的还款金额为零。此外,如果你是年长者,子女请求你担保贷款,一定要认真考虑这笔额外负担对你和你的退休计划的影响。正如一条忠告所说的那样:你可以借款上学,却无法借款维持退休生活。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

虽然学生助学贷款债务经常被认为是主要影响年轻人财务状况的问题,但一项最新报告称,45岁及以上的美国人未偿贷款金额远高于应届毕业生。

对Credit Karma公司会员信息的分析发现,在背负助学贷款债务的2,100万人当中,有23%的人年龄超过45岁,平均未偿还贷款金额为47,000美元。45至54岁的X世代背负的助学贷款负债最高,平均达到49,000美元。与此同时,应届毕业生的平均未偿还助学贷款负债金额约为28,950美元。

Credit Karma的消费金融倡导者和首席人力资源官科琳·麦克里里表示,之所以X世代的未偿还助学贷款负债较高,是由于多个因素的影响。20世纪80年代和90年代初,联邦助学贷款利率高于目前的利率水平,导致未偿还贷款增长速度更快;有些借款人可能是为子女办理贷款的家长;有人则是在后来重回校园;此外,工资的上涨速度根本无法跟上生活成本的上涨速度,导致借款人可以用于偿还贷款的资金减少。

麦克里里说:“这种情况的影响是可能迫使人们推迟退休更长时间。”

麦克里里认为,这些未偿还贷款和费用可能让人们推迟退休,或者至少会增加人们的压力。Credit Karma公司65岁以上仍然背负助学贷款债务的464,000名会员,平均未偿还贷款金额为44,000美元。

麦克里里称:“人们可能在想:‘我已经有自己的房子,为什么还要关心助学贷款负债?’事实上,如果你没有按时还款,你的工资可能就会被扣押用于偿还债务,你的社保福利可能被扣押,你的残疾人福利也可能被扣押。这会令你的退休计划面临风险。”

学生债务可能很快给贷款人带来更大压力

随着9月1日日益临近,统计数据尤其令人感到担忧。两年半前新冠疫情爆发时,联邦助学贷款曾经被暂停还款,但从9月1日开始将恢复还款。

到目前为止,暂停还款计划每次期满时都会延长。但对于借款人未来是否能够继续暂停偿还每月账单,美国总统乔·拜登一直保持沉默。

麦克里里表示,在通货膨胀、房价上涨和裁员增加等情况的影响下,许多家庭可能很难恢复偿还助学贷款。Credit Karma的数据显示,该公司90%背负联邦助学贷款的会员,在暂停还款期间一直没有还款。

她说:“如果暂停还款计划结束,除非他们已经有足够还款的积蓄,否则我认为情况会变得非常危险。如果暂停还款计划不再执行,情况不容乐观。”

麦克里里建议借款人如果偿还助学贷款面临困难,就可以申请基于收入的还款计划。该计划能够降低每个月的还款金额,有些月份的还款金额为零。此外,如果你是年长者,子女请求你担保贷款,一定要认真考虑这笔额外负担对你和你的退休计划的影响。正如一条忠告所说的那样:你可以借款上学,却无法借款维持退休生活。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Though student loan debt is often portrayed as an issue holding back primarily younger generations financially, Americans ages 45 and up hold significantly higher balances than new grads on average, according to a new report.

An analysis of Credit Karma member information finds that 23% of the 21 million people carrying student loan debt are over the age of 45, with an average outstanding balance of $47,000. The 45 to 54 age bracket, who are Gen Xers, carry the most student debt: an average of $49,000. At the same time, new grads with student loan debt carry average balances of around $28,950.

The balances are high because of a confluence of factors, says Colleen McCreary, Credit Karma’s consumer financial advocate and chief people officer. Federal student loans had higher interest rates in the ’80s and early ’90s than they do now, causing balances to grow faster; some borrowers may be parents who took loans out for their kids; others may have returned to school later in life; and wages have simply not kept up with the cost of living, giving borrowers less money to put toward their loans.

“All this is likely going to do is potentially delay retirement for people for a lot longer,” says McCreary.

These loan balances and payments can delay retirement, or at least make it more stressful, says McCreary. Of 464,000 Credit Karma members over the age of 65 with student loan debt, the average balance is $44,000.

“People might think, ‘I already own my house, so why do I care?’ In reality, your wages can be garnished, your Social Security benefits can be garnished, your disability can be garnished” if you’re not making payments on time, says McCreary. “That puts your potential retirement plans into jeopardy.”

Student debt might get more stressful very soon

The statistics are particularly worrisome the closer it gets to Sept. 1, when federal student loan payments—which were put on pause at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic two and a half years ago—will resume.

So far, the payment pause has been extended every time the expiration date has approached. But President Joe Biden has been mum on whether borrowers will continue to be able to forgo the monthly bill.

With inflation, rising housing prices, and layoffs increasing, McCreary says it will be difficult for many households to start making their student loan payments again. Credit Karma data shows 90% of members who have federal student loans have not been making payments during the pause.

“If forbearance ends, unless they’ve been saving all this money, I think we’re in a pretty precarious situation,” she says. “The picture starts to look really bleak if forbearance doesn’t continue.”

She advises those who will struggle to make their student loan payments to apply for an income-based repayment plan. This can lower the amount you owe each month, sometimes to $0. Additionally, if you’re older and your children ask you to cosign a loan, think hard about what that additional burden will mean for you and your retirement. As the advice goes: You can borrow to pay for school, you cannot borrow to fund your retirement.

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