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特斯拉一年暴涨7倍,但仍有空头在坚持

特斯拉一年暴涨7倍,但仍有空头在坚持

Aarron Pressman 2020-12-13
尽管一些大牌投资者押注特斯拉股价会暴跌,但该公司CEO埃隆·马斯克笑到了最后。

图片来源:BRITTA PEDERSEN-POOL/GETTY IMAGES

“华尔街无新事。”20世纪20年代著名的投资者杰西·利弗莫尔写道:“不可能有新鲜事,因为投机活动犹如山丘一样古老。无论今天股市上发生了什么事,它以前都发生过,而且将来还会发生。”

作为电影《华尔街之狼》的原型人物,利弗莫尔最著名的赌注是在1929年市场大崩盘前做空股票。他发了大财,就像以吉姆•查诺斯和比尔•阿克曼为代表的现代股票做空者一样。查诺斯把安然(Enron)称为骗局,而阿克曼则将雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)视为“纸牌屋”——它的确是。但做空股票并不适合胆小的人。大多数时候,大多数股票都会跟随大盘一起上涨。

因此,做空一支热门股票并坚持下去,是需要投资者有点胆量的。最近出现了一些值得怀疑的高估值股票,尤其是多只科技股。我的《财富》同事伯纳德•华纳花了一些时间与几位决定逆潮流做空(并告知天下)的投资者进行了一番交谈。他采访的做空者包括浑水公司首席投资官卡森•布洛克和做空机构Viceroy Research创始人弗雷泽•佩林。前者成功地揭露了瑞幸咖啡的业绩神话,后者则因精准做空德国支付公司Wirecard而名扬业界。对了,不要忘了Hindenburg Research创始人内森·安德森。他就是那个发现Nikola 汽车公司把卡车开下山的骗局的人。

“我认为,如今的欺诈行为比我进入市场以来的任何时候都更加猖獗,这是毫无疑问的。”安德森告诉伯纳德。然而,尽管他非常精准地铲除了Nikola,但做空者在华尔街仍然不受欢迎。“我们收到了大量愤怒的电子邮件,甚至有人叫嚣着要谋杀我和我的家人。”

并不是每一个做空目标都在一大堆欺诈和丑闻中轰然倒塌。在如今最大的空头头寸中,你会发现许多今年的热门科技股,包括Snap、Beyond Meat和Peloton。

电动汽车股不断膨胀的泡沫也引起了关注。在过去的几年,做空者最大的目标就是埃隆·马斯克执掌的电动汽车制造商特斯拉。这项策略还没有奏效。包括安然的征服者吉姆·查诺斯在内,押注特斯拉股价会暴跌(今年迄今已上涨了近7倍)的做空者损失惨重,以至于《机构投资者》将其称为“2020年危及人命的交易。”截至本月,特斯拉让做空者累计损失逾350亿美元之巨!

尽管查诺斯据说已经缩减了赌注规模,但他并没有放弃。“无论你多么想憧憬自动驾驶出租车、太空飞行、地下隧道,以及其他什么奇思妙想的发展前景,他们毕竟是一家汽车公司,而且是一家不赚钱的汽车公司。”本周出席《巴伦周刊》组织的一场会议时,查诺斯这样说道。时间会告诉我们,特斯拉的股价能否继续坚挺,或者这一次是否真的有所不同。(财富中文网)

译者:任文科

图片来源:BRITTA PEDERSEN-POOL/GETTY IMAGES

“华尔街无新事。”20世纪20年代著名的投资者杰西·利弗莫尔写道:“不可能有新鲜事,因为投机活动犹如山丘一样古老。无论今天股市上发生了什么事,它以前都发生过,而且将来还会发生。”

作为电影《华尔街之狼》的原型人物,利弗莫尔最著名的赌注是在1929年市场大崩盘前做空股票。他发了大财,就像以吉姆•查诺斯和比尔•阿克曼为代表的现代股票做空者一样。查诺斯把安然(Enron)称为骗局,而阿克曼则将雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)视为“纸牌屋”——它的确是。但做空股票并不适合胆小的人。大多数时候,大多数股票都会跟随大盘一起上涨。

因此,做空一支热门股票并坚持下去,是需要投资者有点胆量的。最近出现了一些值得怀疑的高估值股票,尤其是多只科技股。我的《财富》同事伯纳德•华纳花了一些时间与几位决定逆潮流做空(并告知天下)的投资者进行了一番交谈。他采访的做空者包括浑水公司首席投资官卡森•布洛克和做空机构Viceroy Research创始人弗雷泽•佩林。前者成功地揭露了瑞幸咖啡的业绩神话,后者则因精准做空德国支付公司Wirecard而名扬业界。对了,不要忘了Hindenburg Research创始人内森·安德森。他就是那个发现Nikola 汽车公司把卡车开下山的骗局的人。

“我认为,如今的欺诈行为比我进入市场以来的任何时候都更加猖獗,这是毫无疑问的。”安德森告诉伯纳德。然而,尽管他非常精准地铲除了Nikola,但做空者在华尔街仍然不受欢迎。“我们收到了大量愤怒的电子邮件,甚至有人叫嚣着要谋杀我和我的家人。”

并不是每一个做空目标都在一大堆欺诈和丑闻中轰然倒塌。在如今最大的空头头寸中,你会发现许多今年的热门科技股,包括Snap、Beyond Meat和Peloton。

电动汽车股不断膨胀的泡沫也引起了关注。在过去的几年,做空者最大的目标就是埃隆·马斯克执掌的电动汽车制造商特斯拉。这项策略还没有奏效。包括安然的征服者吉姆·查诺斯在内,押注特斯拉股价会暴跌(今年迄今已上涨了近7倍)的做空者损失惨重,以至于《机构投资者》将其称为“2020年危及人命的交易。”截至本月,特斯拉让做空者累计损失逾350亿美元之巨!

尽管查诺斯据说已经缩减了赌注规模,但他并没有放弃。“无论你多么想憧憬自动驾驶出租车、太空飞行、地下隧道,以及其他什么奇思妙想的发展前景,他们毕竟是一家汽车公司,而且是一家不赚钱的汽车公司。”本周出席《巴伦周刊》组织的一场会议时,查诺斯这样说道。时间会告诉我们,特斯拉的股价能否继续坚挺,或者这一次是否真的有所不同。(财富中文网)

译者:任文科

"There is nothing new in Wall Street," the famed 1920s investor Jesse Livermore wrote. "There can’t be because speculation is as old as the hills. Whatever happens in the stock market today has happened before and will happen again."

The original "Wolf of Wall Street," Livermore's most famous bet was shorting stocks ahead of the crash of 1929. He made a fortune, as did more modern stock shorters like Jim Chanos, who tabbed Enron as a fraud, and Bill Ackman, who saw Lehman Brothers for the house of cards it was. But shorting stocks isn't for the faint of heart. Most of the time, most stocks along with the broader market go up.

So it takes a certain kind of investor personality to bet against a hot stock and stick with it. Lately, there have been some questionable high flyers, particularly in tech, and my Fortune colleague Bernard Warner spent some time talking with a couple of the investors who decided to go short (and go public) against the grain. His profile of the shorters includes Muddy Waters chief investment officer Carson Block, who took down Luckin Coffee, and Fraser Perring, founder of Viceroy Research, who scored on Wirecard. And don't forget Hindenburg Research founder Nathan Anderson. He's the guy who figured out that Nikola had rolled that truck downhill.

“I think fraud is more pervasive than at any time I’ve been in the market, certainly,” Anderson told Bernard. Despite the accurate takedown of Nikola, however, short sellers still aren't popular on Wall Street. “We get more angry emails, or death threats to murder me and my entire family.”

And not every short seller target collapses in a heap of fraud and scandals. Among the largest short positions today you'll find many of the year's hot tech stocks, including Snap, Beyond Meat, and Peloton.

The inflating bubble in electric vehicle stocks has also drawn attention and the biggest target of short sellers over the past few years has been Elon Musk's electric car maker, Tesla. It hasn't worked yet. Short sellers, including Enron-conquerer Jim Chanos, have lost so much money betting that Tesla's stock price would collapse (it's up almost eightfold this year) that Institutional Investor dubbed it the "widow-maker trade of 2020." By this month, the cumulative loss of shorters on Tesla exceeded $35 billion. Yikes.

Chanos hasn't given up though he's said to have scaled back the size of his bet. “However you might want to dream about autonomous taxis, spaceflight, tunnels underground, whatever—they are a car company, and they are an unprofitable car company," he told a Barron's conference this week. Time will tell whether Tesla's stock price can stay aloft or whether, somehow, this time is different.

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