立即打开
美国的救助金计划即将到期,之后怎么办?

美国的救助金计划即将到期,之后怎么办?

Lance Lambert 2020-07-05
一旦联邦失业救助金消失后,1950万领取失业保险的美国民众每周将减收600美元。

目前,除了各州发放的失业救助金之外,失业的美国民众每周都会从联邦政府那里额外收到600美元的失业救助金。但这项来自于《冠状病毒援助、救济和经济安全法案》(CARES Act)的福利将于7月底到期,除非联邦政府能延长其期限。

一旦联邦失业救助金消失后,1950万领取失业保险的美国民众每周将减收600美元,一个月就是2400美元。这一情况不仅会让众多家庭陷入入不敷出的困境,同时也可能会让经济复苏号列车偏离轨道。

Moody’s Analytics的首席经济师马克·赞迪说:“如果失业保险救助金戛然而止,我们的经济会再次陷入衰退。”他认为数据显示,按照当前的情况来看,衰退已经在5月底结束,但如果完全取消每周额外的600美元失业救助金,尤其是眼下美国公共卫生事件再次恶化,那么经济很有可能会因此而再度萎缩。“这些人将无力支付其账单,并停止消费,从而导致整个经济走下坡路。”

《财富》杂志在分析了美国经济分析局的收入数据后发现,仅5月一个月,每周额外600美元的失业救助金就让人们的收入增加了约700亿美元,比八个州的GDP总和还要多。

说到GDP:国会预算办公室6月的报告称,如果这些福利能够延续到年底,那么2020年下半年的家庭支出和GDP很有可能会攀升。左派的经济政策研究所称,如果能够延续到2021年中期,那么季度平均GDP 将提振3.7个百分点。

然而,国会预算办公室在同一篇报告中指出,如果600美元的额外收入得以充分延期的话,那么有可能降低就业率。原因何在?因为国会预算办公室发现,六分之五的失业救助金领取人在下半年获得的救助金将高于其在工作中拿到的周薪。因此,丰厚的救助金可能会放缓一些员工回归工作的步伐,继而拖累经济复苏。

至少参议院共和党是这么认为的,他们反对将600美元的救助金计划进行延期,并阻止了民主党在众议院通过3万亿美元的救助方案,其中包括将救助金延至2021年1月。

巴德学院的经济学副教授帕芙琳那·特切内瓦说:“这些福利为即将崩塌的经济提供了一个支撑。这是在保护或补救经济方面所能做的最低限度保障工作。如果拿掉这部分救助金,基本上就是放任大坝的决堤。”帕芙琳那是最近出版的《工作保障案例》(The Case for a Job Guarantee)一书的作者,她支持将救助金计划延期到年底。

如果放任这笔救助金消失,我们可能会看到来之不易的经济复苏也将成为明日黄花。(财富中文网)

译者:Feb

目前,除了各州发放的失业救助金之外,失业的美国民众每周都会从联邦政府那里额外收到600美元的失业救助金。但这项来自于《冠状病毒援助、救济和经济安全法案》(CARES Act)的福利将于7月底到期,除非联邦政府能延长其期限。

一旦联邦失业救助金消失后,1950万领取失业保险的美国民众每周将减收600美元,一个月就是2400美元。这一情况不仅会让众多家庭陷入入不敷出的困境,同时也可能会让经济复苏号列车偏离轨道。

Moody’s Analytics的首席经济师马克·赞迪说:“如果失业保险救助金戛然而止,我们的经济会再次陷入衰退。”他认为数据显示,按照当前的情况来看,衰退已经在5月底结束,但如果完全取消每周额外的600美元失业救助金,尤其是眼下美国公共卫生事件再次恶化,那么经济很有可能会因此而再度萎缩。“这些人将无力支付其账单,并停止消费,从而导致整个经济走下坡路。”

《财富》杂志在分析了美国经济分析局的收入数据后发现,仅5月一个月,每周额外600美元的失业救助金就让人们的收入增加了约700亿美元,比八个州的GDP总和还要多。

说到GDP:国会预算办公室6月的报告称,如果这些福利能够延续到年底,那么2020年下半年的家庭支出和GDP很有可能会攀升。左派的经济政策研究所称,如果能够延续到2021年中期,那么季度平均GDP 将提振3.7个百分点。

然而,国会预算办公室在同一篇报告中指出,如果600美元的额外收入得以充分延期的话,那么有可能降低就业率。原因何在?因为国会预算办公室发现,六分之五的失业救助金领取人在下半年获得的救助金将高于其在工作中拿到的周薪。因此,丰厚的救助金可能会放缓一些员工回归工作的步伐,继而拖累经济复苏。

至少参议院共和党是这么认为的,他们反对将600美元的救助金计划进行延期,并阻止了民主党在众议院通过3万亿美元的救助方案,其中包括将救助金延至2021年1月。

巴德学院的经济学副教授帕芙琳那·特切内瓦说:“这些福利为即将崩塌的经济提供了一个支撑。这是在保护或补救经济方面所能做的最低限度保障工作。如果拿掉这部分救助金,基本上就是放任大坝的决堤。”帕芙琳那是最近出版的《工作保障案例》(The Case for a Job Guarantee)一书的作者,她支持将救助金计划延期到年底。

如果放任这笔救助金消失,我们可能会看到来之不易的经济复苏也将成为明日黄花。(财富中文网)

译者:Feb

Jobless Americans are receiving an extra $600 per week in unemployment benefits from the federal government on top of their state benefits. But that extra $600 benefit set aside from the CARES Act expires at the end of July unless the federal government extends it.

Once that federal unemployment bonus is gone, the 19.5 million Americans actively receiving unemployment insurance would see a $600 weekly—or $2,400 monthly—pay cut. Not only will that translate into many households not being able to make ends meet, but it could also derail the economic recovery.

"The economy going back into recession is likely if we cold-turkey cut the extra unemployment insurance benefits," says Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Analytics. He thinks the data will show that on the current trajectory the recession ended in May, but a complete phaseout of the $600 extra weekly unemployment benefits—in a country where COVID-19 cases are rising again—would likely pull the economy back into contraction. "They'd stop paying their bills and stop spending, and [it would] kick the whole economy down."

The extra $600 weekly unemployment benefits boosted incomes by around $70 billion in the month of May alone, according to Fortune's analysis of U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis income data. That's larger than the gross domestic product (GDP) of eight states.

And speaking of GDP: If the benefits are extended through the end of the year, it is likely that GDP and household spending would be greater in the second half of 2020, according to a June report by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). And if extended through the middle of 2021, it would increase average quarterly GDP by 3.7%, according to the left-leaning Economic Policy Institute.

However, if the extra $600 payments are fully extended it would likely lower employment, according to the same CBO report. How so? Around five in six unemployment benefit recipients would get weekly payouts in the second half of the year greater than what they'd expect to make working, the CBO finds. So the generous benefits could deter some workers from returning to jobs and slow down the recovery.

At least that's the thinking of Senate Republicans who are opposed to extending the $600 benefits and blocked a $3 trillion relief package passed by Democrats in the House, which included an extension of the benefits through January 2021.

"Those benefits put a floor on the collapsing economy. It's the minimum of what's necessary to protect or Band-Aid the economy. If removed, it is essentially letting the dam break," says Pavlina Tcherneva, an associate professor of economics at Bard College and author of the recently published book The Case for a Job Guarantee. She supports extending the benefits through the end of the year.

Allow them to disappear, and we may see the hard-won economic gains we've made disappear too.

热读文章
热门视频
扫描二维码下载财富APP