洛克希德-马丁公司CEO：优秀领导者需要具备这4种品质

MPW内部网络是一个在线社区，最有思想、最具影响力的商界人士将在此回答关于职业与领导力的问题。今天的问题是：“对于希望进入公司管理层的女性，你有哪些建议？”以下为洛克希德马丁公司董事长、总裁兼CEO玛丽琳·休森的回答。

我在洛克希德马丁公司担任的职位，让我有机会接触到各行各业的优秀领导者——从科技到工程，从慈善到政府等等。另外，我们与美国军方也有密切合作，因此，我们会经常思考领导力问题，以及如何启发成功的团队精神、协作和合作。根据我的经验，最成功的领导者，不论男性还是女性，显然都具有以下这4种基本的品质。

诚信

领导者必须以身作则，保持诚信，通过每天的行动赢得团队的信任。一旦做到这一点，你将为公司所有人树立高标准。如果你能以正能量去践行诚信，饱含热情地为共同的目标和使命去努力，你便能与团队和客户建立深厚的关系。

一种相互信任的文化可以让领导者把权利下放给员工，为沟通、责任心和持续改进奠定基础。对于洛克希德马丁来说，信任对我们的客户至关重要，尤其是在国防行业。客户依靠我们来帮助他们保护国民，他们希望我们履行承诺，提供最先进的产品与服务。

同理心

不要忘记，一个组织的成功离不开所有成员的全心投入和智慧。不要按照你的想法去对待团队成员，而是要采用他们希望的方式。一些小动作可以对团队和士气产生巨大的影响，例如选择进行面对面的交流，发送私人信函等。除了感谢和表扬，领导者还必须了解下属的需求、压力和个人目标，这样才能更有效地领导员工，帮助他们实现个人抱负和职业发展目标。

决断能力

在充满不确定性的时期，员工希望得到明晰的指示。领导者不可能知道所有问题的答案，也不会有人对你有这样的期待，因此，你必须愿意倾听，向他人学习。在了解具体的挑战，并列出各种选择之后，你必须自信地做出大胆且乐观的决定。有了信任和同理心作为基础，你可以与团队分享自己的愿景，激励团队沿着新路径不断前行。

创新能力

考虑到各种商业环境的瞬息万变，领导者必须做好适应新形势的准备，并帮助团队做好同样的准备。在洛克希德马丁，创新是公司的生命线。领导一种洋溢着创新精神的文化需要勇气。此外，领导者必须愿意走出自己的舒适区，慎重地承担风险。虽然你和你的团队不可能永远正确，但你们可以从错误中学习，抓住每一次机会提高自己。

成功的领袖需要不断磨练这四种基本技能。不论你有机会从事哪个领域，诚信、同理心、决断力和创新力，都是领导力和组织成功的关键所在。（财富中文网）

译者：刘进龙/汪皓

审校：任文科

The MPW Insiders Network is an online community where the biggest names in business and beyond answer timely career and leadership questions. Today’s answer for, “What advice would you give to women who hope to make it to the C-suite?” is written by Marillyn Hewson, chairman, president, and CEO of the Lockheed MartinCorporation.

My role at Lockheed Martin puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields—from science and engineering to philanthropy and government. And since we also work closely with our nation’s armed forces, we tend to reflect a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—consistently demonstrate four fundamental traits.

Trustworthiness

Leaders must exemplify integrity and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do this, you set high standards for everyone at your company. And when you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for shared goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers.

A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and lays the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement. For us, trust is critical to the customers we serve, especially in the defense sector. Our customers rely on us to help them protect their citizens, and expect us to deliver on our commitments by providing the most advanced products and services.

Compassion

You can’t forget that organizational success flows from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like opting for face-to-face meetings or sending personal notes can have an enormous impact on teams and their morale. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and contribute to their personal aspirations and professional development.

Decisiveness

In times of uncertainty, employees crave clarity. As a leader, you won’t always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and outline the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions. With a foundation of trust and compassion in place, you can share your vision with your team and inspire action in the new path forward.

Innovation

Given the rapid pace of change in every business environment, leaders must be prepared to adapt to new landscapes and assist their teams in doing the same. At Lockheed Martin, innovation is the lifeblood of our company. Leading a culture of innovation requires courage, and you must be willing to move beyond your comfort zone and take measured risks. Although you and your teams won’t always be right, you can learn from your mistakes and take every opportunity to improve.

Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these four fundamental skills. No matter where you have the opportunity to serve, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, decisiveness, and innovation are the keys to leadership and organizational success.