立即打开
“演久当真”:千禧一代酷爱装阔

“演久当真”:千禧一代酷爱装阔

SYDNEY LAKE 2024-02-21
在千禧一代的富裕群体中,超过40%表示一定要让自己看起来很富有。

图片来源:GETTY IMAGES

与前辈们不同,千禧一代的年轻人既要承担高昂房价,又要为即将到期的助学贷款和不断攀升的信用卡债务烦心,财务压力尤为严峻。但他们不仅是最爱钱的一代,也是最爱炫富的一代。

富国银行(Wells Fargo)最近的一项调查显示,虽然超过半数的千禧一代富裕群体认为生活成本的大幅攀升已对自己产生“严重影响”,但仍有59%认为,在他人面前一定要“看起来或显得”自己很有钱。这也是“金钱畸形症”的一种表现,即因沉迷“摆阔”而忽略了自己的实际财务状况。

更能说明问题的是,富国银行的研究实际上关注的是年收入至少25万美元的千禧一代“富裕”群体,这意味着,并非只有低收入年轻人才觉得有必要跟周围人攀比。在参与调查的约1000名受访者中,超过40%表示,一定要拥有明显的财富标志,比如购买豪华汽车,添置高档服装,或者购置气派豪宅。相比之下,在X世代、婴儿潮一代和沉默一代中,拥有相同看法的人群占比分别仅为21%、8%和7%。

富国银行咨询与规划部董事总经理艾米丽·欧文在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“实际上,千禧一代中的富裕群体工作非常努力,也赚到了很多钱。但他们却在为维持这种外在形象而苦恼,因此,‘装富’的人越来越多。有些人甚至已经形成了一种‘演久成真’的心态。”

富国银行调查显示,即便是千禧一代中最富裕的那部分人,也面临着金钱畸形症的问题,他们中有超过40%必须依靠信用卡或贷款才能维持自己的生活方式,而且债务还在不断积累。根据LendingTree的数据,2023年第四季度,全美信用卡卡主的平均债务为6864美元。其中欠款问题最为严重的群体就包括千禧一代的消费者。

在2023年11月的新闻电话会议上,纽约联储的研究人员称,“千禧一代的债务拖欠率增幅最大,现在肯定高于疫情前水平。考虑到劳动力市场和总体经济的强劲表现,这种情况颇为出人意料。”

社交媒体加剧千禧一代的消费焦虑

但如果我们了解千禧一代有多容易、多频繁地受到社交媒体(无论是广告,还是网红们或直接或间接的暗示)的影响,就不会对他们高昂的开支感到意外了。

第一基金银行(First Foundation Bank)执行副总裁兼首席运营官克里斯托弗·M·纳吉比在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“我们生活在一个过度性别化、注意力分散、视觉化的社会,所有东西都被放到了狭小的屏幕上。观众面前放着看不完的图片和视频,而人类的天性就是希望自己也能像画中人一样外形靓丽、周游四方,还有最重要的,和他们一样富有。”

数据显示,千禧一代中的富裕群体也不例外。富国银行的调查发现,将近30%的受访者表示,为了给他人留下好印象或“融入”某种生活方式,他们会购买超出自己承受范围的物品,还有三分之一的受访者表示,为了维持外表光鲜,他们会对自己的财务状况撒谎或夸大其词。

凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University)经济学副教授乔纳森·欧内斯特在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“就千禧一代而言,作为第一代‘互联网原住民’,‘与周围人攀比’不仅意味着你的东西要比周围邻里要好,还要追上一众网红的消费水平。不过这也意味着千禧一代可能会从拥有奢侈品中获得更多好处,因为他们不仅可以赢得同龄人艳羡的目光,还能让朋友、家人和更多网络粉丝对自己刮目相看。”

但欧文警告说,这种“装富的把戏”终有玩不下去的一天。

欧文说:“这是一个恶性循环,因为大多数人都不愿意谈论自己的实际情况,而是在精心维护自己‘过着最美好生活’的假象。如果‘分享自己如何量入为出’能够成为潮流,那么情况将会好很多。如果大家都能亮出底牌,还不用担心被他人品头论足或感到尴尬,大家都能解脱不少。”

千禧一代不愿因通胀、债务和助学贷款放弃奢侈的生活方式

专家们一致认为,尽管千禧一代因接受高等教育而背负着沉重的助学贷款,他们却对这些长期支出视而不见,而是选择活在当下。

欧内斯特说:“在付出努力、成为美国史上受教育程度最高的一代人后,千禧一代或许更能体会到享受生活的价值,再加上摆在他们面前的还有沉重的助学贷款和住房开支,在奢侈品上浪费的那一点小钱也就显得微不足道了。”

而在某些情况下,由于储蓄账户收益率相对较低,进行一些高额消费(比如在抵押贷款利率高企的情况下买房)也不失为合理选择。

欧文说:“千禧一代可能认为,与其把钱存入利息并不高的储蓄账户,还不如为‘梦中情屋’搏一把。而且只要他们为应对不时之需留出了资金,而不是拆东墙补西墙(比如透支信用卡来还钱),这么做也并无不妥。”

就解决“金钱畸形症”而言,专家一致建议,在买东西时,我们应该考虑得更长远一些。欧文说,她建议千禧一代不要沉溺于购买新东西带来的“消费抚慰感”或“消费快感”,其他人则鼓励千禧一代多做一些长期的财务规划。

欧内斯特说:“首先要还清高息贷款,而且要想清楚,今天把钱花了出去,就相当于失去了明天用这些钱进行投资、赚取收益的能力,要考虑其中的机会成本,如此可以帮助千禧一代在以后购买奢侈品时重新考虑是否真的物有所值。”(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

与前辈们不同,千禧一代的年轻人既要承担高昂房价,又要为即将到期的助学贷款和不断攀升的信用卡债务烦心,财务压力尤为严峻。但他们不仅是最爱钱的一代,也是最爱炫富的一代。

富国银行(Wells Fargo)最近的一项调查显示,虽然超过半数的千禧一代富裕群体认为生活成本的大幅攀升已对自己产生“严重影响”,但仍有59%认为,在他人面前一定要“看起来或显得”自己很有钱。这也是“金钱畸形症”的一种表现,即因沉迷“摆阔”而忽略了自己的实际财务状况。

更能说明问题的是,富国银行的研究实际上关注的是年收入至少25万美元的千禧一代“富裕”群体,这意味着,并非只有低收入年轻人才觉得有必要跟周围人攀比。在参与调查的约1000名受访者中,超过40%表示,一定要拥有明显的财富标志,比如购买豪华汽车,添置高档服装,或者购置气派豪宅。相比之下,在X世代、婴儿潮一代和沉默一代中,拥有相同看法的人群占比分别仅为21%、8%和7%。

富国银行咨询与规划部董事总经理艾米丽·欧文在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“实际上,千禧一代中的富裕群体工作非常努力,也赚到了很多钱。但他们却在为维持这种外在形象而苦恼,因此,‘装富’的人越来越多。有些人甚至已经形成了一种‘演久成真’的心态。”

富国银行调查显示,即便是千禧一代中最富裕的那部分人,也面临着金钱畸形症的问题,他们中有超过40%必须依靠信用卡或贷款才能维持自己的生活方式,而且债务还在不断积累。根据LendingTree的数据,2023年第四季度,全美信用卡卡主的平均债务为6864美元。其中欠款问题最为严重的群体就包括千禧一代的消费者。

在2023年11月的新闻电话会议上,纽约联储的研究人员称,“千禧一代的债务拖欠率增幅最大,现在肯定高于疫情前水平。考虑到劳动力市场和总体经济的强劲表现,这种情况颇为出人意料。”

社交媒体加剧千禧一代的消费焦虑

但如果我们了解千禧一代有多容易、多频繁地受到社交媒体(无论是广告,还是网红们或直接或间接的暗示)的影响,就不会对他们高昂的开支感到意外了。

第一基金银行(First Foundation Bank)执行副总裁兼首席运营官克里斯托弗·M·纳吉比在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“我们生活在一个过度性别化、注意力分散、视觉化的社会,所有东西都被放到了狭小的屏幕上。观众面前放着看不完的图片和视频,而人类的天性就是希望自己也能像画中人一样外形靓丽、周游四方,还有最重要的,和他们一样富有。”

数据显示,千禧一代中的富裕群体也不例外。富国银行的调查发现,将近30%的受访者表示,为了给他人留下好印象或“融入”某种生活方式,他们会购买超出自己承受范围的物品,还有三分之一的受访者表示,为了维持外表光鲜,他们会对自己的财务状况撒谎或夸大其词。

凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University)经济学副教授乔纳森·欧内斯特在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示:“就千禧一代而言,作为第一代‘互联网原住民’,‘与周围人攀比’不仅意味着你的东西要比周围邻里要好,还要追上一众网红的消费水平。不过这也意味着千禧一代可能会从拥有奢侈品中获得更多好处,因为他们不仅可以赢得同龄人艳羡的目光,还能让朋友、家人和更多网络粉丝对自己刮目相看。”

但欧文警告说,这种“装富的把戏”终有玩不下去的一天。

欧文说:“这是一个恶性循环,因为大多数人都不愿意谈论自己的实际情况,而是在精心维护自己‘过着最美好生活’的假象。如果‘分享自己如何量入为出’能够成为潮流,那么情况将会好很多。如果大家都能亮出底牌,还不用担心被他人品头论足或感到尴尬,大家都能解脱不少。”

千禧一代不愿因通胀、债务和助学贷款放弃奢侈的生活方式

专家们一致认为,尽管千禧一代因接受高等教育而背负着沉重的助学贷款,他们却对这些长期支出视而不见,而是选择活在当下。

欧内斯特说:“在付出努力、成为美国史上受教育程度最高的一代人后,千禧一代或许更能体会到享受生活的价值,再加上摆在他们面前的还有沉重的助学贷款和住房开支,在奢侈品上浪费的那一点小钱也就显得微不足道了。”

而在某些情况下,由于储蓄账户收益率相对较低,进行一些高额消费(比如在抵押贷款利率高企的情况下买房)也不失为合理选择。

欧文说:“千禧一代可能认为,与其把钱存入利息并不高的储蓄账户,还不如为‘梦中情屋’搏一把。而且只要他们为应对不时之需留出了资金,而不是拆东墙补西墙(比如透支信用卡来还钱),这么做也并无不妥。”

就解决“金钱畸形症”而言,专家一致建议,在买东西时,我们应该考虑得更长远一些。欧文说,她建议千禧一代不要沉溺于购买新东西带来的“消费抚慰感”或“消费快感”,其他人则鼓励千禧一代多做一些长期的财务规划。

欧内斯特说:“首先要还清高息贷款,而且要想清楚,今天把钱花了出去,就相当于失去了明天用这些钱进行投资、赚取收益的能力,要考虑其中的机会成本,如此可以帮助千禧一代在以后购买奢侈品时重新考虑是否真的物有所值。”(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

More than 40% of affluent millennials say it’s important to have visible signs of wealth.

Fraught with worry over high housing costs, impending student loan payments, and compounding credit card debt, millennials face financial challenges unlike other generations. Yet they’re still the generation that’s most money obsessed—and the one that wants to show it off.

While more than half of affluent millennials say they’ve been “greatly affected” by the cost-of-living crisis, 59% feel it is important to “look or appear” financially successful to others, according to a recent Wells Fargo study. This is yet another sign of “money dysmorphia” (as Intuit Credit Karma dubs it), in which people obsess over the idea of being rich so much so, that they lose sight of the actual state of their finances.

What’s even more telling is that Wells Fargo’s study actually focuses on “affluent” millennials who make at least $250,000 a year, which means it’s not just lower-income young people who feel the need to keep up with the Joneses, so to speak. More than 40% of the approximately 1,000 respondents said it’s important to have visible signs of wealth, whether it be purchasing a fancy car, clothing, or place to live. By comparison, just 21% of Gen Xers, 8% of baby boomers, and 7% of the silent generation feel the same.

“Affluent millennials are, in fact, working hard and gaining financial success,” Emily Irwin, managing director of advice and planning for Wells Fargo, tells Fortune. “Yet they’re grappling with this external image, and as a result, there’s a growing trend to present themselves with an image that isn’t reflective [of] their actual financial situation. For some, it could be even be a ‘fake it until you make it’ mentality.”

Even some of the wealthiest millennials face money dysmorphia, and more than 40% of them have to rely on credit cards or loans to fund their lifestyle—all while accumulating debt, the Wells Fargo survey shows. The national average debt among credit card holders during the fourth quarter of 2023 was $6,864, according to LendingTree. And millennials are among the consumers struggling most with unpaid balances.

“Millennials have seen the largest increase in their delinquency rates and now have rates definitely above pre-pandemic levels,” New York Federal Reserve researchers said in a November 2023 press call. “Given the strong labor market and general economy, these increases are somewhat surprising.”

Social media fuels spending anxiety among millennials

But it’s not so surprising how much millennials spend when we look at how easily and how often they’re influenced by social media—whether in the form of advertisements or subtle (or not so subtle) nudges from influencers.

“We live in a hyper-sexualized, distracted, visually curated society now all narrowly tailored into the confines of the infinite scroll,” Christopher M. Naghibi, executive vice president and chief operating officer at First Foundation Bank, tells Fortune. “Endless pictures and videos … are put in the face of the viewer, and it is simply human nature to want to be as beautiful, well-traveled, and more than anything else—rich.”

And the data shows that affluent millennials are no different. Nearly 30% said that they buy things they can’t afford in order to impress others or “fit in” with a certain lifestyle, the Wells Fargo survey found—and another third reported lying or exaggerating about their finances to keep up appearances.

“For millennials, being the first generation on the internet means that ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ isn’t just having the best of something on your block or in your neighborhood, it’s feeling pressure to match the level of consumption of a much wider net of online influencers,” Jonathan Ernest, an associate professor of economics at Case Western Reserve University, tells Fortune. “This also means that millennials may perceive more benefit from owning luxury items, as they earn the admiration of not only their peers, but also their friends, family, and followers from a larger online presence.”

But Irwin warns this “charade” isn’t sustainable.

“It’s a vicious cycle because most people are reluctant to talk about their actual circumstances, and instead it’s the image of ‘I’m living my best life,’” Irwin says. “Now, it would be great if the trend would segue into: Share what you’ve done to be so financially responsible. How freeing it would be if everyone ‘put their cards on the table,’ and not receive judgment or embarrassment.”

Millennials aren’t letting inflation, debt, and student loans get in their way of a lavish lifestyle

Despite being a highly educated generation with staggering student loan debt, millennials look past these longer-term costs and instead choose to live in the moment, experts agree.

“Coupled with the fact that millennials as a whole may find more value in indulgences after putting in the work to become the most educated generation in American history, it’s understandable how a small splurge on a luxury item can seem an insignificant cost in the face of seemingly insurmountable student loan and housing costs,” Ernest says.

But in some cases, making expensive purchases like buying a home despite high mortgage rates could make sense for millennials because savings account yield rates have been relatively lower.

Millennials “may have rationalized that it may have made sense to stretch for a dream home versus allocating dollars to a savings account that wasn’t yielding a high interest rate,” Irwin says. “And it may make sense—assuming they’re setting aside funds for emergencies and not incurring revolving debt, like credit card debt.”

In terms of tips for fighting money dysmorphia, experts agree that thinking long-term about purchases can make a difference. Irwin says she challenges millennials to not indulge the “consumer fix” or “purchasing high” from buying something new, and others encourage millennials to take a look at long-term financial planning.

“Paying off high-interest loans, and thinking of the opportunity cost of spending a dollar today as the lost ability to earn interest on investments for tomorrow can help millennials reconsider whether that next luxury purchase is truly worth the cost,” Ernest says.

热读文章
热门视频
扫描二维码下载财富APP