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后疫情时代必须让员工保持健康,企业应该设立首席健康官

后疫情时代必须让员工保持健康,企业应该设立首席健康官

Trey Williams 2023-07-10
现在人们被要求向前看,重返办公室,但新冠疫情对他们心理健康的集体影响并没有消失。

图片来源:OSCAR WONG—GETTY IMAGES

当新冠病毒来袭时,各大公司都在付出种种努力艰难保护员工免受这种致命病毒的侵害。新冠疫情彻底改变了他们对员工健康的看法。

新冠疫情最糟糕的日子正在过去,但它给一些公司留下了永久印记,让它们认识到精神和身体健康对员工的重要性。过去几年,一些公司设置了一个几年前还不存在的新岗位:首席健康官。

美国电话电报公司(AT&T)在2022年聘请了一位负责健康和福祉的高级副总裁。专业服务巨头安永(EY)在2021年聘请了一名首席健康官,管理咨询公司怡安(Aon)在2022年设置了同样的岗位。就连美国中央情报局(CIA)在去年也聘请了一位首席健康官。2021年设置了首席健康官的达美航空(Delta Air Lines)及其他一些公司正在把该岗位的职责从仅限于医疗管理升级为更广泛的——它们称之为更全面的——健康领域。

《财富》杂志采访了一些顶级的健康高管和专家,他们表示,尽管新冠疫情正在消退,但疫情凸显了员工健康的重要性。面对员工可能出现的倦怠和新冠病毒对心理健康的广泛影响,美国公司正在将首席健康官这个新岗位作为留住员工、帮助员工的一种方式。

去年,美国电话电报公司聘请杰夫·曾(音译)担任健康和福祉高级副总裁,此前他曾经在康卡斯特(Comcast)担任了五年的首席医疗官,其中包括新冠疫情最严重的时期。现在,他在这家电信巨头的任务是让美国电话电报公司员工的健康成为公司每个部门和项目的核心。

“缺乏社交导致了孤独感,也给心理健康带来了挑战。我们有一部分员工非常坦率地分享了他们的挣扎,以及他们想要提升幸福感的愿望。”美国电话电报公司的人力资源主管安吉拉·圣托内在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,“即使新冠疫情减弱,我们也知道我们必须对这场突发公共卫生事件带来的这些令人十分担忧的副作用采取措施。”

员工们并未康复

今年5月初,在美国总统乔·拜登签署了结束新冠疫情国家紧急状态的法案三周多一点后,美国卫生局局长就另一场公共卫生危机发出了警告:孤独、越来越加剧的孤立状态、心理健康恶化。

美国卫生局局长维韦克·默西在一份声明中说,此前已经成为流行病的孤独,由于疫情封锁以及随后对我们工作和社会生活的改变而加剧,需要与“烟草、肥胖和物质使用障碍等其他重要公共卫生问题”得到同等程度的关注。

新冠疫情期间,焦虑和抑郁的比例显著上升。根据世界卫生组织(according to the World Health Organization)的数据,2020年,全球焦虑和抑郁的比率飙升了25%。美国有线电视新闻网/凯泽家庭基金会(CNN/Kaiser Family Foundation)的一项调查发现,今年2月,美国成年人患有焦虑和/或抑郁症的比例为32.3%,仅比2020年4月的35.9%略有下降。现在要求人们向前看,重返办公室工作,但新冠疫情对他们心理健康的集体影响并没有消失。2021年接受治疗的成年人比新冠疫情前更多,导致心理师都供不应求。

这种焦虑和抑郁一直伴随人们进入职场。会员制初级保健机构One Medical在今年3月发布的一份报告显示,在接受调查的1,600名美国员工和人力资源主管中,约有64%的人表示自己有精神或行为问题。因此,这一群体中有91%的人说自己的工作效率降低了。分析公司盖洛普(Gallup)指出,雇主千万不能忽视这些问题。如果因为不为员工的健康投资,员工倦怠导致的营业额损失和生产力损失全球每年高达3,220亿美元。

亨利·丁(音译)于2021年加入达美航空,成为该公司的首位首席健康官。在达美首席执行官埃德·巴斯蒂安精心招录丁加入公司之前,先是聘请了丁之前曾经担任高管的妙佑医疗国际(Mayo Clinic),就与新冠疫情相关的清洁方案、通风措施和空中社交距离提供建议。丁现在的工作重点已经转向了达美航空员工的健康和福祉,他说,目前最关注的是员工的压力水平和心理健康。在他的推动下,该公司的心理健康治疗服务已经得到扩展,包括针对每名员工可能正在面临的问题提供每年12次免费咨询,确保员工可以在四天内获得心理师的帮助。去年,他团队的工作重点还包括引入更多专注于提供多元治疗师的心理健康供应商。

“我们将全力投入对整体健康的投资。”他告诉《财富》杂志,“如果你能够让你的员工茁壮成长,他们就会好好照顾你的生意。”

什么是健康?如何衡量?

公司似乎越来越意识到他们的员工需要额外的身心健康支持。但首席健康官的角色定义十分宽泛,没有明确的衡量标准来判断他们是否取得了成功。

人力资源主管历来将福利使用率与员工满意度调查结合,来衡量员工在工作中是否快乐。但德勤(Deloitte)的首席健康官珍·费希尔表示,随着员工健康工作的不断发展,需要有更有力的指标来衡量员工的健康福祉,还要了解哪些政策真正有助于创造可持续的工作文化。

今年早些时候,丁的团队在达美航空发起了一项名为“繁荣指数”(Flourishing Index)的员工调查,该调查最初是由哈佛大学(Harvard University)的定性社会科学研究所(Institute for Qualitative Social Science)开发的,旨在衡量员工的身体、情感、社交和财务是否健康。该公司还与员工进行了一对一访谈,以了解他们的健康状况面临的挑战和机遇。

基于上述举措,该公司聘请了一些健康推广员,以确保员工知道他们可以获得哪些福利,以及如何获得。例如,丁说,许多员工不知道他们的医疗保健包括生育治疗,以及收养和代孕费用。该公司还调整了公司餐厅供应的餐食,开始提供素食和更健康的选择。

费希尔早在2015年就开始任首席健康官,但她认为自己现在的工作比以往任何时候都更加全面。她的工作职责包括履行公司对气候变化的承诺,以及实现多元化、公平和包容的目标,从而给员工健康带来积极影响。

“大多数怀有善意的组织都对发展有效指标、福祉、气候和可持续性、信任、健康公平等我们作为个人和社会所关心的事情给予了重大关注和投资,但我们几乎一直在以一种孤立的方式面对它们。”费希尔说,“现在到了这样一个关键时刻,同一组织中担任不同角色的人需要坐到一起,需要理解这些不是可以单独解决的孤立领域。这些问题真的需要一起解决。”

麦肯锡(McKinsey)的高级合伙人亚伦·德·斯梅特是企业文化专家,也为领导团队提供咨询服务。他说,公司是否需要聘请高管专门负责员工的身心健康,这个问题还没有定论。但他补充道,解决员工的健康问题十分重要。

“毫无疑问,新冠疫情让这个问题成为人们关注的焦点,它的重要性并没有降低。”他对《财富》杂志表示,人们越来越担心新冠疫情对员工精神、身体和情绪健康的影响。他说:“提高生产力和绩效,确保问责和成果交付,同时关心可持续且灵活的生活方式、积极的员工体验、员工的倦怠、福祉、健康发展等,可能仍然是未来的重要话题。”

不过,首席健康官能够做的也就这么多了。费希尔和其他健康高管设想的那种生态系统——使员工的福祉和满意度成为公司每一个角落、每一个领域都最关注的方面——可能需要从包括首席健康官、首席执行官和直属经理在内的每个人都把员工健康的旗帜高高举起。

仅仅依靠现有的福利和专项解决方案来解决员工的倦怠和心理健康问题,提升员工的幸福感,可能无法实现目标——如果以前曾经实现过的话。

“我们需要承认,我们现在的工作方式对人类来说是不可持续的。工作中有很多事情需要改变,而这些事情最终可能不是首席健康官的责任。”费希尔说,“真正需要的是企业高层重新审视并改变这些已经在职场中存在了很长时间的系统。因为我们的工作方式和我们想要的工作方式是如此不同,而正是这些问题,对人们的健康产生了巨大的影响。”(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

当新冠病毒来袭时,各大公司都在付出种种努力艰难保护员工免受这种致命病毒的侵害。新冠疫情彻底改变了他们对员工健康的看法。

新冠疫情最糟糕的日子正在过去,但它给一些公司留下了永久印记,让它们认识到精神和身体健康对员工的重要性。过去几年,一些公司设置了一个几年前还不存在的新岗位:首席健康官。

美国电话电报公司(AT&T)在2022年聘请了一位负责健康和福祉的高级副总裁。专业服务巨头安永(EY)在2021年聘请了一名首席健康官,管理咨询公司怡安(Aon)在2022年设置了同样的岗位。就连美国中央情报局(CIA)在去年也聘请了一位首席健康官。2021年设置了首席健康官的达美航空(Delta Air Lines)及其他一些公司正在把该岗位的职责从仅限于医疗管理升级为更广泛的——它们称之为更全面的——健康领域。

《财富》杂志采访了一些顶级的健康高管和专家,他们表示,尽管新冠疫情正在消退,但疫情凸显了员工健康的重要性。面对员工可能出现的倦怠和新冠病毒对心理健康的广泛影响,美国公司正在将首席健康官这个新岗位作为留住员工、帮助员工的一种方式。

去年,美国电话电报公司聘请杰夫·曾(音译)担任健康和福祉高级副总裁,此前他曾经在康卡斯特(Comcast)担任了五年的首席医疗官,其中包括新冠疫情最严重的时期。现在,他在这家电信巨头的任务是让美国电话电报公司员工的健康成为公司每个部门和项目的核心。

“缺乏社交导致了孤独感,也给心理健康带来了挑战。我们有一部分员工非常坦率地分享了他们的挣扎,以及他们想要提升幸福感的愿望。”美国电话电报公司的人力资源主管安吉拉·圣托内在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,“即使新冠疫情减弱,我们也知道我们必须对这场突发公共卫生事件带来的这些令人十分担忧的副作用采取措施。”

员工们并未康复

今年5月初,在美国总统乔·拜登签署了结束新冠疫情国家紧急状态的法案三周多一点后,美国卫生局局长就另一场公共卫生危机发出了警告:孤独、越来越加剧的孤立状态、心理健康恶化。

美国卫生局局长维韦克·默西在一份声明中说,此前已经成为流行病的孤独,由于疫情封锁以及随后对我们工作和社会生活的改变而加剧,需要与“烟草、肥胖和物质使用障碍等其他重要公共卫生问题”得到同等程度的关注。

新冠疫情期间,焦虑和抑郁的比例显著上升。根据世界卫生组织(according to the World Health Organization)的数据,2020年,全球焦虑和抑郁的比率飙升了25%。美国有线电视新闻网/凯泽家庭基金会(CNN/Kaiser Family Foundation)的一项调查发现,今年2月,美国成年人患有焦虑和/或抑郁症的比例为32.3%,仅比2020年4月的35.9%略有下降。现在要求人们向前看,重返办公室工作,但新冠疫情对他们心理健康的集体影响并没有消失。2021年接受治疗的成年人比新冠疫情前更多,导致心理师都供不应求。

这种焦虑和抑郁一直伴随人们进入职场。会员制初级保健机构One Medical在今年3月发布的一份报告显示,在接受调查的1,600名美国员工和人力资源主管中,约有64%的人表示自己有精神或行为问题。因此,这一群体中有91%的人说自己的工作效率降低了。分析公司盖洛普(Gallup)指出,雇主千万不能忽视这些问题。如果因为不为员工的健康投资,员工倦怠导致的营业额损失和生产力损失全球每年高达3,220亿美元。

亨利·丁(音译)于2021年加入达美航空,成为该公司的首位首席健康官。在达美首席执行官埃德·巴斯蒂安精心招录丁加入公司之前,先是聘请了丁之前曾经担任高管的妙佑医疗国际(Mayo Clinic),就与新冠疫情相关的清洁方案、通风措施和空中社交距离提供建议。丁现在的工作重点已经转向了达美航空员工的健康和福祉,他说,目前最关注的是员工的压力水平和心理健康。在他的推动下,该公司的心理健康治疗服务已经得到扩展,包括针对每名员工可能正在面临的问题提供每年12次免费咨询,确保员工可以在四天内获得心理师的帮助。去年,他团队的工作重点还包括引入更多专注于提供多元治疗师的心理健康供应商。

“我们将全力投入对整体健康的投资。”他告诉《财富》杂志,“如果你能够让你的员工茁壮成长,他们就会好好照顾你的生意。”

什么是健康?如何衡量?

公司似乎越来越意识到他们的员工需要额外的身心健康支持。但首席健康官的角色定义十分宽泛,没有明确的衡量标准来判断他们是否取得了成功。

人力资源主管历来将福利使用率与员工满意度调查结合,来衡量员工在工作中是否快乐。但德勤(Deloitte)的首席健康官珍·费希尔表示,随着员工健康工作的不断发展,需要有更有力的指标来衡量员工的健康福祉,还要了解哪些政策真正有助于创造可持续的工作文化。

今年早些时候,丁的团队在达美航空发起了一项名为“繁荣指数”(Flourishing Index)的员工调查,该调查最初是由哈佛大学(Harvard University)的定性社会科学研究所(Institute for Qualitative Social Science)开发的,旨在衡量员工的身体、情感、社交和财务是否健康。该公司还与员工进行了一对一访谈,以了解他们的健康状况面临的挑战和机遇。

基于上述举措,该公司聘请了一些健康推广员,以确保员工知道他们可以获得哪些福利,以及如何获得。例如,丁说,许多员工不知道他们的医疗保健包括生育治疗,以及收养和代孕费用。该公司还调整了公司餐厅供应的餐食,开始提供素食和更健康的选择。

费希尔早在2015年就开始任首席健康官,但她认为自己现在的工作比以往任何时候都更加全面。她的工作职责包括履行公司对气候变化的承诺,以及实现多元化、公平和包容的目标,从而给员工健康带来积极影响。

“大多数怀有善意的组织都对发展有效指标、福祉、气候和可持续性、信任、健康公平等我们作为个人和社会所关心的事情给予了重大关注和投资,但我们几乎一直在以一种孤立的方式面对它们。”费希尔说,“现在到了这样一个关键时刻,同一组织中担任不同角色的人需要坐到一起,需要理解这些不是可以单独解决的孤立领域。这些问题真的需要一起解决。”

麦肯锡(McKinsey)的高级合伙人亚伦·德·斯梅特是企业文化专家,也为领导团队提供咨询服务。他说,公司是否需要聘请高管专门负责员工的身心健康,这个问题还没有定论。但他补充道,解决员工的健康问题十分重要。

“毫无疑问,新冠疫情让这个问题成为人们关注的焦点,它的重要性并没有降低。”他对《财富》杂志表示,人们越来越担心新冠疫情对员工精神、身体和情绪健康的影响。他说:“提高生产力和绩效,确保问责和成果交付,同时关心可持续且灵活的生活方式、积极的员工体验、员工的倦怠、福祉、健康发展等,可能仍然是未来的重要话题。”

不过,首席健康官能够做的也就这么多了。费希尔和其他健康高管设想的那种生态系统——使员工的福祉和满意度成为公司每一个角落、每一个领域都最关注的方面——可能需要从包括首席健康官、首席执行官和直属经理在内的每个人都把员工健康的旗帜高高举起。

仅仅依靠现有的福利和专项解决方案来解决员工的倦怠和心理健康问题,提升员工的幸福感,可能无法实现目标——如果以前曾经实现过的话。

“我们需要承认,我们现在的工作方式对人类来说是不可持续的。工作中有很多事情需要改变,而这些事情最终可能不是首席健康官的责任。”费希尔说,“真正需要的是企业高层重新审视并改变这些已经在职场中存在了很长时间的系统。因为我们的工作方式和我们想要的工作方式是如此不同,而正是这些问题,对人们的健康产生了巨大的影响。”(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

When COVID hit, it sent major companies scrambling to protect their employees from a deadly pathogen and totally revamped the way they thought about worker health.

The worst days of the pandemic are fading, but it left a lasting impression on some companies about the importance of mental and physical health for their workforce. And in the last few years, several have hired for a new role that didn’t exist just a few years ago: chief wellness officer.

AT&T brought on an SVP of health and well-being in 2022. Professional services powerhouse EY hired a chief well-being officer in 2021, and management consulting firm Aon hired a chief well-being officer in 2022. Even the CIA hired a chief well-being officer last year. Other companies like Delta, which hired a chief health officer in 2021, are pivoting that role away from strictly medical oversight and into a broader—they would posit, more holistic—vision of wellness.

Fortune spoke with top wellness executives and experts who say that although the pandemic is waning, it highlighted the importance of employee health. Faced with the prospect of employee burnout and widespread mental health impacts of COVID, companies are turning to the new role as a way to retain workers and help employees.

AT&T hired Jeff Tzeng last year as its SVP of health and well-being after he did a five-year stint as chief medical officer at Comcast, which included the toughest part of the pandemic. Now his mission at the telecoms giant is to make the well-being of AT&T employees the central focus of the company across every division and program.

“The lack of social interactions contributed to feelings of isolation and increased mental health challenges. Some of our people were very open in sharing about these struggles and their desire to improve their well-being,” AT&T HR chief Angela Santone told Fortune. “Even as the pandemic waned, we knew we had to do something about these very concerning by-products of the public health emergency.”

The workers are not all right

In early May, a little more than three weeks after President Joe Biden signed a bill ending the national emergency designation for COVID-19, the U.S. surgeon general raised the alarm on another public health crisis: loneliness, our increasing isolation, and deteriorating mental health.

The preexisting loneliness epidemic, intensified by pandemic lockdowns and subsequent changes to our work and social lives, demands the same level of attention as “other critical public health issues such as tobacco, obesity, and substance use disorders,” Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy said in a statement.

Rates of anxiety and depression rose significantly during the pandemic. In 2020 they skyrocketed 25% around the globe, according to the World Health Organization. And a survey from CNN/Kaiser found that rates of anxiety and/or depressive disorder among U.S. adults in February of this year was 32.3%, only a slight decrease from April 2020’s rate of 35.9%. People are now being asked to move on and return to working in an office, but the toll on their collective mental health hasn’t gone anywhere. More adults were in therapy in 2021 than before the pandemic, so much so that psychologists have struggled to meet the demand.

That anxiety and depression is following people into the workplace. Around 64% of 1,600 U.S. workers and HR leaders surveyed said they struggled with mental or behavioral issues, according to a March report from membership-based primary care practice One Medical. As a result, 91% of that cohort said they were less productive. And employers can’t afford to ignore these issues, according to Gallup, an analytics firm. Failing to invest in well-being equates to a loss of $322 billion in turnover and lost productivity costs per year globally due to employee burnout.

Henry Ting joined Delta Air Lines in 2021 as the company’s first-ever chief health officer. Delta CEO Ed Bastian handpicked Ting after the airline hired the Mayo Clinic, where he was previously a top executive, to advise on COVID-related cleaning protocols, ventilation practices, and in-air social distancing. But now his focus has turned to the health and well-being of Delta’s employees, and one of the central tenets of that right now is stress levels and mental health, he says. He’s helped expand the company’s mental health treatment offerings to include 12 annual free counseling sessions per issue that an employee may be dealing with, and access to therapists within four days. Last year, his team also prioritized bringing additional mental health vendors on board that focus on providing diverse therapists.

“This investment in holistic wellness is something we’re fully committed to,” he told Fortune. “If you enable your people to thrive, they will take care of your business.”

But what is well-being? And how do you measure it?

Companies seem to be more and more aware that their employees need additional physical and mental health support. But the role of a chief wellness officer is broadly defined, and there’s no clear measurement for how to judge their success.

HR executives have historically coupled benefit usage rates with employee satisfaction surveys to gauge whether employees are happy at work. But as well-being work continues to evolve, says Jen Fisher, chief well-being officer at Deloitte, there need to be more robust measures for employee health and wellness, along with understanding which policies actually help create a sustainable working culture.

Ting’s team at Delta launched an employee survey earlier this year that was initially developed at Harvard University’s Institute for Qualitative Social Science called the Flourishing Index to measure employees’ physical, emotional, social, and financial well-being. The company also conducted one-on-one interviews with workers to understand challenges and opportunities to their health.

Those initiatives have led to the airline hiring health advocates to make sure workers know what benefits are available to them, and how to access them. For example, Ting says, many employees did not know that their health care covers fertility treatments, as well as adoption and surrogacy costs. The company has also switched up its cafeteria offerings, providing vegan and healthier options.

Fisher, who was hired for her role way back in 2015, sees her job now more than ever as all encompassing. It includes delivering on company commitments to climate change, as well as diversity, equity, and inclusion goals, as a way of positively impacting employee well-being.

“Most organizations with all the best intentions have a significant focus and investment on DEI, on well-being, on climate and sustainability, on trust, health equity, all of these things that we care about as individuals and us as a society—but we’ve been looking at them almost in a siloed approach,” Fisher says. “Now is a pivotal moment for the people who sit in these varied roles across an organization to really start to come together and understand that these aren’t siloed areas that can be addressed separately. They really, truly need to be addressed together.”

Whether companies need to hire a chief to oversee wellness and well-being is an open question, says McKinsey senior partner Aaron De Smet, an expert on corporate culture who also advises leadership teams. But he adds that addressing employee wellness is important.

“Make no mistake, while the pandemic put a spotlight on the issue, the importance of it has not decreased,” he told Fortune, noting increased and persisting concerns about its impact on the mental, physical, and emotional health of employees. “Helping boost productivity and performance, ensuring accountability and delivering of results, while at the same time caring for sustainable and flexible lifestyles, positive employee experience, and employee burnout, well-being, thriving, etc., is likely to remain an important topic into the future.”

There’s only so much a chief wellness officer can do, though. The kind of ecosystem that Fisher and other well-being executives envision—one that makes employee well-being and satisfaction the most important aspect through every nook and cranny of the company—is likely to require everyone, from the chief wellness officer to the CEO and down to direct managers, to wave the well-being flag.

Simply relying on existing benefits and ad hoc solutions to address employee burnout and mental health, and boost well-being might not cut it—if it ever did before.

“We need to acknowledge that the way we’re working isn’t sustainable for humans right now. There’s a lot of things about work that need to change that may or may not ultimately be the responsibility of a chief wellness officer,” Fisher says. “These things need to sit truly within the C-suite to kind of relook at work and change systems that have been in place for a long time. Because the way we’re working and the way we want to work are so different. And those are the things that are having a more outsize impact on people’s well-being.”

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