美国商界新风潮：黑人企业家越来越多

美国劳工部统计局囊括29万雇主反馈的年度企业家调查报告显示，2014年，在员工至少一人的美国企业之中，黑人为企业主的仅占2.1%，其中约14%的黑人所有企业经营不足两年。

数据表明，2014年，美国少数族裔所有的企业超过94.9万家，其中约11%的企业主是非裔美国人，西班牙裔和亚裔企业主分别约占32%和53%。

2014年，少数族裔所有企业收入合计1.1万亿美元，仅占美国企业总收入的3.3%，白人所有企业的收入约占96.7%。

尽管过去30年初创公司逐年减少，但据美国考夫曼基金会最近研究，初创公司中少数族裔企业家占比与日俱增：1996年成立的新公司之中，有40%的创始人是非裔、拉丁裔或者亚裔美国人，二十年前少数族裔创业者的比例只占23%。

据美国黑人商会统计，2002年至2007年，黑人所有的企业猛增60%，但2008年金融危机导致增长势头中止。

巴尔森学院旗下全球创业观察的研究发现，非裔美国企业家只在十分必要时才会寻找新商机，因为他们的文化水平通常不如白人企业家。巴尔森学院还发现，非裔美国企业主在人员招聘、提升办公环境以及寻求融资等方面都很受局限。（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

In the U.S. Census Bureau’s Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs, which includes responses from 290,000 employers, only 2.1% of American businesses with at least one employee were black-owned in 2014. About 14% of those black-owned businesses were operating for less than two years.

The data projected that minorities owned more than 949,000 businesses in 2014, and roughly 11% of those minorities were African-American. Then, about 32% of minority owners were Hispanic and about 53% were Asian.

Minority-owned businesses accounted for $1.1 trillion in receipts in 2014, accounting for only 3.3% of employer receipts vs. 96.7% for their white counterparts.

While the starting of new businesses has declined steadily over the last 30 years, recent research from the Kauffman Foundation revealed that minorities now make up an increasing segment of the entrepreneurial community: 40% of new businesses started in 1996 have African-American, Latino, or Asian owners compared to 23% two decades ago.

Black-owned businesses increased 60% from 2002-2007, according to the National Black Chamber of Commerce, but the 2008 financial crisis stifled that trend.

Research from Babson College’s Global Entrepreneurship Monitor found that African-American entrepreneurs look to new business opportunities out of necessity, because they tend to have lower education levels than their white peers. Babson also found that African-American owners have limited access to employment opportunities, favorable office environments, and financial resources.