小米如想成功国际化，应该借鉴这5家中国公司的经验！

中国的工厂以生产低价产品闻名。说得不好听点，就是中国企业的成名是因为以低廉的价格仿制了成功的外国品牌产品。

这正是中国智能手机制造商兼互联网公司小米面临的一大挑战。为中国消费者生产出便宜时尚的智能手机给小米带来了早期的成功，也使小米成为全球最有价值的私营初创公司之一，估值达450亿美元。但是，小米的产品缺乏创新，这妨碍了它成为全球大品牌。尽管最近小米的海外销量达到了9%，但是分销问题和知识产权屏障使其很难扩展海外业务。

那么，小米该向（为数不多的几家）产品和服务广销海外的中国公司学习些什么？有5家企业值得小米借鉴，它们都入选《财富》世界500强，2015年的营业收入都不低200亿美元。

它们是：

In the business world, Chinese factories are famous for making inexpensive goods for foreign-owned companies. And Chinese companies are famous, in a less complimentary way, for making inexpensive near-imitations of more successful foreign brands.

That’s part of the challenge facing Xiaomi, the Chinese smartphone maker and internet company. The early success of its inexpensive, stylish smartphones with consumers in China helped it become one of the world’s most valuable private startups, with a $45 billion valuation. But as Fortune reports in a feature this week, Xiaomi’s lack of innovative products has held it back in its effort to become a global power. While Xiaomi currently gets about 9% of its sales overseas, distribution problems and intellectual property hurdles could make it hard to expand its global business.

So what could Xiaomi learn from the (relatively few) big Chinese companies that sell their own goods and services widely abroad? These five examples, all Fortune Global 500 members with at least $20 billion in revenue in 2015, offer a few clues. Among the lessons they impart: It helps if you’re selling something that people in foreign markets really need. And if you don’t have standout products of your own, sometimes the key to growth is to buy someone else’s.

2015年营业收入：667亿美元

海外营业收入占比：73%

联想在全球市场的扩张得益于收购了两家总部位于美国的企业。2005年，联想购买了IBM的PC操作系统。2014年，又从谷歌手中购买了摩托罗拉手机业务。联想现在顶着“世界最大PC制造商”这一头衔，尽管这么说存在疑问。

2015 Revenue: $66.7 billion

Revenue share from outside China: 73%

Lenovo’s global reach rests on two acquisitions of U.S.-based businesses. It bought IBM’s personal-computer operations in 2005, and in 2014 it bought the Motorola handset business from Google. Lenovo’s smartphone unit has struggled, and the company now holds the dubious honor of being the world’s largest PC maker.

2015年营业收入：629亿美元

海外营业收入占比：55%

华为在欧洲和拉美地区已经是个家喻户晓的名字了，这都得益于其智能手机、无线网络以及对英国足球俱乐部阿森纳（Arsenal）的赞助。然而，美国出于国家安全考虑，依然对这家总部位于深圳的公司在美国的市场扩张活动实行限制。

2015 Revenue: $62.9 billion

Revenue share from outside China: 55%

Huawei is practically a household name across Europe and Latin America thanks to its smartphones, wireless networks, and sponsorship of English soccer club Arsenal. The Shenzhen-based company remains effectively blocked from expanding in the U.S., _however, over national security concerns.

2015年营业收入：430亿美元

海外营业收入占比：25%

中国电力是一家建设水电站大坝和发电厂的国营企业，从巴基斯坦到老挝都有其工程项目。核能和风力发电也是中国电力的投资领域。它的服务已经成为中国通过软实力影响发展中国家的一种途径。

2015 Revenue: $43 billion

Revenue share from outside China: 25%

This state-owned maker of hydropower dams and power plants has projects in countries from Pakistan to Laos; nuclear energy and wind-power projects are also part of its portfolio. Its services have become a way for China to extend its soft power abroad in developing countries.

2015年营业收入：222亿美元

海外营业收入占比：36%

美的是中国最大的家电制造商，其空调和冰箱销往包括美国和墨西哥在内的多个国家，被视为一家高品质的中国白色家电品牌。美的竞争对手之一——海尔，最近与美国通用电气签署了合同，收购后者的家电业务。

2015 Revenue: $22.2 billion

Revenue share from outside China: 36%

China’s biggest manu_facturer of consumer appliances sells air con_ditioners and refrigerators in the U.S., Mexico, and elsewhere. It’s con_sidered a high-quality white-goods maker in China. One of its Chinese competitors, Haier, recently agreed to buy GE’s appliance business.

2015年营业收入：212亿美元

海外营业收入占比：71%

中国国营企业双汇集团在2013年收购史密斯菲德食品公司之后，更名为万州国际，并在香港证券交易所上市。现在，它已成为世界头号猪肉产品加工企业，营业收入远远超过诸如荷美尔和迪恩这样的美国肉类产品加工公司巨头。

小米首先需要提高它的创新能力，生产出海外市场正需要的产品，如果拿不出好的产品，收购或许提升公司竞争力的最佳选择。上述5家公司国际化的成功，靠的就是这两样。 （财富中文网） 

译者：刘伟义

2015 Revenue: $21.2 billion

Revenue share from outside China: 71%

After buying Smithfield Foods in 2013, mainland China’s state-owned _Shuanghui changed its name to WH Group and listed itself on the Hong Kong stock exchange. It’s now the world’s dominant pork processor, far larger by revenue than U.S. meat-packaging giants like Hormel and Dean.