全球最不合格的领导者榜单

过去一年，无论是CEO还是政治家们都有过工作中的失误、挫败和值得反思的决策，其中一些实在特别，还有一些则错得离谱，值得一提。

The past year or so has produced an avalanche of bungles, failures, and questionable decisions among CEOs and politicians—many so distinctive or outsize that they merit special acknowledgement.

“别怪我，我只是州长”奖

——里克•斯奈德，密歇根州州长。

里克•斯奈德和他的团队为了省钱选择的供水方案造成密歇根州弗林特市自来水供应出现铅污染，调查发现铅超标可导致疾病和大脑损伤，对孩子的伤害更大。此事曝光后引起举国愤怒。曾在州长选举中吹嘘自己能力的Snyder在国会听证会上说，此事是他一生中“最羞愧”的经历——接着开始转移矛盾。他说这次事件是“政府失职”并抨击环保署，称其供水系统铅含量标准是“愚蠢且危险的”。扩展阅读：《弗林特水危机事件暴露危机管理法缺陷》

Don’t Blame Me, I’m Just The Governor Award

Rick Snyder, Governor of Michigan

Snyder and his team sparked national outrage after an attempt at cost-savings left the impoverished city of Flint, Mich. with a lead-tainted water supply that is being blamed for illness and brain damage, especially among its youngest residents. Called to testify before Congress, Snyder, who touted his competence in his gubernatorial campaign, labeled the experience the “most humbling” of his life—then attempted to shift blame. He described it as a “failure of government” and blasted the Environmental Protection Agency for its “dumb and dangerous” rules on allowable amounts of lead in water systems. Also read: Flint Water Crisis Highlights Problems in Emergency Management Laws

“轮胎烧焦”奖

——马丁•温特科恩，大众汽车(Volkswagen)前董事长

温特科恩执掌大众期间，其工程师在1100多万量柴油汽车上安装篡改排放数据软件的消息遭曝光，种种不当行为令公司深陷巨大丑闻的深渊，至今仍为完结。温特科恩坚称不知情，但他向来以什么都管著称，所以评论者并不买账。另外还有明摆的事实，即大众公司已经承认温特科恩至少在事件发展后期收到过警告，提醒可能存在不当行为。大众公司文化一向出名的严苛冷酷，温特科恩上任后却表示要把公司打造成全球最大的汽车制造商，排放欺诈事件证明两者的结合没有什么好果子。扩展阅读：《大众柴油排放欺诈内幕》

The Burned Rubber Prize

Martin Winterkorn, former chairman of Volkswagen

Winterkorn led VW during most of the behavior that led to a disastrous scandal (which is far from over), as company engineers installed software that manipulated emissions on about 11 million diesel vehicles. Winterkorn has asserted ignorance of any wrongdoing. Critics have been skeptical, given that he is known as a micro-manager. Then there’s the fact that the company has acknowledged that, at least in the latter stages, a warning of potential wrongdoing was sent to him. VW was known for a ruthless culture and, under Winterkorn, an ambition to become the world’s largest automaker. The combination proved toxic in the case of its emissions cheating. Also read: Inside Volkswagen’s Diesel Fraud

“黑盒子”奖

——伊丽莎白•福尔摩斯，Theranos创始人

由伊丽莎白•福尔摩斯领导的初创公司Theranos宣称能提供更便宜且创伤更小的验血方法，颠覆传统医疗方式，也由此成为硅谷明星。但在密切监督之下，Theranos声誉严重受损。《华尔街日报》的调查曾对该公司的主要技术提出质疑，福尔摩斯一面为公司的测试方法辩护，一面拒绝外部科学监督或同行评价。联邦监管者调查后，公司的两个实验室中有一个因不符合最基本的规范被关停。监管者总结称，实验室中有五项“严重不合规”之处，其中有一项会“直接危害到病人健康和安全”。

The Black Box Award

Elizabeth Holmes, founder of Theranos

Once a Silicon Valley wunderkind, Holmes leads a startup that seeks to disrupt health care by offering cheaper and less invasive blood tests. But Theranos’s reputation has wilted under heavy scrutiny. After an investigative report by the Wall Street Journal cast doubt on some of the company’s key claims, Holmes continued to defend Theranos’ testing and methods—all while refusing to allow outside scientific scrutiny or peer review. Meanwhile she was unable to keep one of her company’s two labs in minimally acceptable order, according to findings by federal regulators. They concluded that the lab suffered from five “serious deficiencies,” one of which “posed immediate jeopardy to patient health and safety.”

“什克雷利”奖

马丁•什克雷利，图灵制药(Turing Pharmaceuticals)创始人和前CEO

由于马丁•什克雷利去年表现过度雷人，他也成为第一个荣获以自己名字命名奖项的人。什克雷利远比你聪明得多（不信可以问他），他的过人之处在于，低价购买药品后再以天价卖出，“当之无愧”地获得医药界斯耐利•惠普拉斯 (美国动漫恶棍角色)称号，还引发了整个行业全国大调查，哦对了，还有遭到起诉（他称自己无罪）并丢了饭碗。这些都是他所谓宏伟蓝图的一部分，白痴才看不懂呢。

The Shkreli Prize

Martin Shkreli, founder and former CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals

So striking was Martin Shkreli’s performance in the past year that he is the first person to merit having a category named after himself. Shkreli is waysmarter than you are (just ask him). He’s so brilliant that he hatched a strategy to buy cheap drugs, sell them at astronomical mark-ups, proudly embrace a role as the Snidely Whiplash of pharmaceuticals,attract searing national scrutiny to the entire industry and, oh yeah, get himself indicted (he has proclaimed his innocence), and lose his job. It’s all part of his master plan. Only a moron could fail to grasp that.

“我没主意了”特别奖

玛丽莎•梅耶尔，雅虎CEO

玛丽莎•梅耶尔一上任时就面临重振雅虎这个1.0时代巨头的任务，很显然挑战巨大。四年过去了，公司利润依旧下滑，失败接连而来。简单举个例子，她关闭了之前斥重金打造的“杂志”业务，还曾说这是公司策略重心之一。她为留住关键员工支付不惜重金，显得很绝望。她对待激进的股东态度时而拒绝又时而欢迎；她在阿里巴巴的问题上左右摇摆，似乎想不清是否该剥离持有的高额阿里巴巴股份，还是剥离大部分业务，让雅虎单纯变成阿里巴巴控股公司。

I Lost My Strategy Under the Sofa, Special Citation

Marissa Mayer, CEO of Yahoo

Nobody thought Marissa Mayer faced an easy challenge when she signed on to try to revive the fading Web 1.0 icon. But nearly four years into her tenure, the profits continue to sag and the fiascos continue to mount as, to take just one of many examples, she shutters expensive “magazines” that she previously launched and described as central to her strategy. Paying hefty ransoms to keep key employees has made Mayer look desperate. She has alternated between resisting and embracing shareholder activists and zigzagged on whether she should spin off Yahoo’svaluable stake in Alibaba or spin off the bulk of the company’s businesses and leave Yahoo as largely a holding company for the Alibaba stake. Also read:Here’s How Much Marissa Mayer May Make If She Gets Fired

因公司重组获得“列夫•托洛茨基（注：马克思主义革命家）”奖

谢家华，Zappos CEO

谢家华是个怪咖，他住在拖车里，养了两只羊驼当宠物，他也是个领导力大师，曾因在卖鞋网站Zappos建立滑稽而自由的公司文化而获得赞誉。他有过一系列大胆决策，比如赌上3.5亿美元将拉斯维加斯市中心改造为繁华的创业中心。但他大胆得过了头——彻底颠覆了Zappos的管理秩序，解散了管理层，打算以“合弄制”(holacracy)的方式运营公司，目前正努力达到“水鸭式”的启蒙阶段。结果却是企业遭遇一波离职潮，在一年内流失了29%的员工。直到现在，公司还没完全站稳脚。

The Leon Trotsky Prize for Reorganization

Tony Hsieh, CEO, Zappos

Hsieh is both a quirky mogul who lives in a trailer with two pet alpacas outside and a leadership guru who previously won plaudits for the zany, free-flowing culture at the online shoe-seller. He has made bold moves, such as a $350 million gamble to transform downtown Las Vegas into a bustling entrepreneurial hub. But Hsieh topped that by radically overturning the order at Zappos. He eliminated all bosses in favor of a self-management model known as holacracy, now aimed at reaching a state of organizational enlightenment known as “teal.” The result: A wave of exits, as 29% of the staff turned over in a single year. The company has yet to fully regain its footing. Read: How a Radical Shift to Self-Management Left Zappos Reeling

因办公室胡闹获“乔治•科斯坦萨”（注：美国电视剧愚蠢角色）奖

帕克•康拉德，Zenefits前CEO

员工福利软件公司Zenefits在成立头两年内成长迅速，员工人数达到1000人，估值45亿美元。可好景不长，去年Zenefits年报显示公司未完成营收目标，富达投资集团将持有该公司的股份估值下调48%。之后，Buzzfeed报告又指出，康拉德在任期间，公司在华盛顿州健康险产品有80%是由没有资质的经纪人售出的。2月份，调查发现员工集体作弊，并未完成强制的保险经纪培训，这成为压倒公司的最后一根稻草，康拉德也被扫地出门。接替康拉德的新任领导禁止员工在办公室喝酒，并称Zenefits的文化“对于一家管理严格的公司来说是不合适的”。据《华尔街日报》后来报道，康拉德在任期间，Zenefits员工经常在办公室聚会、在公开场合摔跤，甚至还有楼梯间性爱行为。

The George Costanza Medal for In-Office Frolics

Parker Conrad, former CEO of Zenefits

In its first two years, the employee benefits software company grew at an astonishing pace, reaching more than 1,000 employees and a $4.5 billion valuation. Then things turned: Last year, Zenefits reportedly missed its revenue targets, causing Fidelity Investments to mark down the value of its shares in the company by 48%. Later, a Buzzfeed report found that, under Conrad, as many as 80% of Zenefits’ sales of health insurance in Washington state were made by unlicensed brokers. The final blow came in February, when employees were found to be systematically cheating on mandatory insurance-broker training. Conrad was pushed out.His replacement banned drinking at the office, calling Zenefits’ culture “inappropriate for a highly regulated company.” A subsequent Wall Street Journal report found that under Conrad, Zenefits employees held frequent office parties, wrestled with each other in public, and had sex in the office stairwell.

“欢迎回来，但现在请离开”奖

麦克尔•皮尔森，将离任的威朗(Valeant) CEO

皮尔森刚刚结束两个月的肺炎病假并重返岗位没几天，威朗就宣布准备寻找新CEO，原因是这家加拿大医药公司正因承认伪造财报，“行为不当”而深陷困境。此前，威朗因高昂药价获利丰厚并一直是股市的宠儿，而现在，公司也因为同样的原因遭受谴责。具体来说，失当的行为是指威朗下属的一家名为Philidor的药品邮购公司通过暗箱操作让保险公司为威朗的药品买单。（威朗前CFO否认有任何不当行为）。

The “Welcome Back, Now Please Leave” Certificate

Michael Pearson, outgoing CEO of Valeant

Valeantannounced plans to find a new CEO only days after Pearson returned from two months of convalescence for pneumonia as the Canadian pharmaceutical company grappled with what it has conceded was “improper conduct” in misstating its financial results. The departure capped a stunning turnaround as the company went from being a stock market darling for its ability to jack up drug prices… to being vilified for much the same conduct. The “improper conduct” related to recognizing revenue from a mail-order pharmacy called Philidor, which was accused of using shady tactics to get insurers to pay for Valeant medications. (Valeant’s former CFO has denied any wrongdoing.)

“对贿赂行为我们很震惊，相当震惊！”奖

赛普•布拉特和米歇尔•普拉蒂尼，国际足联前高官

国际足联前主席赛普布拉特和继任者米歇尔•普拉蒂尼曾被国际足联道德委员会禁足八年——虽已做出判决，但一拖再拖的态度导致没人再相信国际足联能清扫门户并实施改革。两位高官在位期间，体育界丑闻持续扩大，最终经过瑞士警察突袭，美国以洗钱和敲诈罪名起诉了9名足球界官员和16名其他人士。布拉特和普拉蒂尼都极力辩白，但提到2011年国际足联为普拉蒂尼支付的200万美元（他俩称是一笔十年前的服务款）一事，他们却都拿不出书面合同。

The “We Are Shocked—Shocked!—To Discover Payoffs” Award

Sepp Blatter and Michel Platini, former FIFA chiefs

FIFA president Sepp Blatter and heir apparent Michel Platini were both banned from the sport for eight years by FIFA’s ethics committee in a belated display of zeal that has convinced no one of its ability to clean house and reform. The two presided over the sport at a time of scandal on an epic scale, resulting in, among other things, a Swiss police raid that culminated in the U.S. indictment of nine senior soccer officials and 16 others for money laundering and racketeering. Both Blatter and Platini have vehemently protested their innocence, but neither has been able to provide a written contract for the $2 million paid to Platini by FIFA in 2011 (for services rendered a decade earlier, according to the pair).

“唐-德雷柏（美剧《广告狂人》角色）口无遮拦”奖

古斯塔沃•马丁内兹，智威汤逊(J. Walter Thompson)前CEO

对古斯塔沃•马丁内兹是种族和性别歧视者的指控自然令人震惊，此外还引发了一些反响，因为指控内容让人联想到美剧《广告狂人》（值得一提的是该剧的背景是50年前并且是虚构的）中不知廉耻的性骚扰画面，而马丁内兹可谓有过之而无不及。智威汤逊的媒体负责人艾琳•约翰逊就曾起诉马丁内兹对她有多次言语冒犯，甚至掐过她的脖子。例如，据称马丁内兹曾在其他员工面前公然对她说“来找他，这样他就可以在卫生间‘强奸（她）’”。马丁内兹否认了该指控。

The “What Wouldn’t Don Draper Say?” Medal

Gustavo Martinez, former CEO J. Walter Thompson

The accusations of racist and sexist comments lodged against Martinez were shocking, and had an extra resonance because they echoed—well, exceeded—the picture of unabashed harassment in the advertising industry seen in “Mad Men” (which, it should be noted, was set a half-century ago and wasfictional). Martinez stepped down after J. Walter Thompson’s communications chief, Erin Johnson, filed a lawsuit alleging he had made numerous offensive comments, and even grabbed her by the throat. For example, Martinez allegedly told her, in front of other employees, “to come to him so he could ‘rape [her]’ in the bathroom.” He has denied the allegations.

“年度最胆小到惊人的政治决策”奖

克里斯•克里斯蒂，新泽西州州长

这是我们竞争最激烈的一个奖项，克里斯蒂因此前批评特朗普现在又迅速改口而获此殊荣。克里斯蒂曾评论特朗普的选举活动说：“我们现在不需要白宫真人秀”，“美国总统的位子不是为表演者准备的”。但这位新泽西州州长在竞选中失利后，立刻开始了为争取副总统位置的竞选表演，论调完全不同：“我了解台上所有人，没有人能比唐纳德•特朗普更适合领导美国在国内和国际上发挥作用了”。对一个他曾讽刺“太过盲目信任自己男人味”的候选人，现在却要不断吹嘘他的好，好斗的克里斯蒂自此常被比作ISIS的人质、一个“傀儡”和“极品哈巴狗”。

Prize for the Most Breathtakingly Craven Political Move of the Year

Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey

This is our most hotly contested category, but Christie won it running away… in this case from his past criticisms of Donald Trump. “We do not need reality TV in the Oval Office right now,” Christie said of Trump on the campaign trail. “President of the United States is not a place for an entertainer.” But after the New Jersey governor dropped out of the race—and reportedly began entertaining fantasies of a vice-presidential slot on the ticket—he sang a different song: “I’ve gotten to know all the people on that stage and there is none who is better prepared to provide America with the strong leadership that it needs both at home and around the world than Donald Trump.” Since then, the pugnacious Christie has been likened to an ISIS hostage, a “puppet,” and the “ultimate lapdog,” prompting memories of another candidate who was once lampooned as having “put his manhood in a blind trust.”

“年度第二胆小得惊人政治决策”奖

拉姆•伊曼纽尔，芝加哥市长

伊曼纽尔是个因好斗而著称的政客，同样也在可怜投降后重塑了自己的形象。《芝加哥论坛报》曾犀利地盘点伊曼纽尔在黑人少年拉卡•麦当劳遭白人警察枪击事件中的180度态度大转弯：“伊曼纽尔一开始说白人警官杰森•凡•戴克的举动只是坏警官的个人行为，但后来又说他的警署需要‘彻底全面的改革’。他曾与前主管加里•麦卡锡站在一边，后来却开除了他。他一开始拒绝司法部的公民权利调查，后来又愿意检查。他最初不愿公开枪杀视频，可后来在法官的压力下又承认自己的做法是错的。”

Second Most Breathtakingly Craven Political Move of the Year

Rahm Emanuel, Mayor of Chicago

Emanuel is another politician famous for his bellicose personality who redefined himself through abject capitulation. The Chicago Tribunetrenchantly summarized Emanuel’s dramatic 180 in the case of the shooting of black teenager Laquan McDonald by a white police officer: “Emanuel initially characterized white Officer Jason Van Dyke’s decision to shoot black teen McDonald as the actions of one bad cop before later saying his Police Department needed ‘complete and total reform.’ He stood by former police SuperintendentGarry McCarthy before firing him. He objected to a Justice Department civil rights investigation before welcoming one. And he fought the release of the shooting video before admitting he was wrong to do so after a judge forced his hand.”

“这次我们发誓改正了”奖

史蒂夫•埃尔斯和蒙哥马利•莫兰，Chipotle联合CEO

Chipotle曾号称出售的是“良心食品”，如今却被反咬一口。数年来，该卷饼连锁店一直是快餐业高品质的代表，《财富》等媒体也对其赞誉有加。现在，呃，今非昔比了。一场噩梦般的食物中毒事件后，食品又被查出含有大肠杆菌，然后是沙门氏菌和诺罗病毒。危机当前，埃尔斯和莫兰的应对之策堪称反面教材。莫兰不仅没有承担责任，反而先指责他人，说疾病控制中心和媒体借机炒作此事。接着，埃尔斯在国家电视台说Chipotle已执行新的食品安全规定，是最安全的用餐选择。然而随后爆发的两起诺罗病毒事件只能说明公司无法履行诺言。目前Chipotle股价和销售额双双大幅下跌，同时面临食品安全问题的联邦调查。获得该奖项荣誉奖的还有：Blue Bell 乳品公司。

The “This Time We Swear We’ve Fixed It” Prize

Steve Ells & Montgomery Moran, co-CEOs, Chipotle

Chipotle’s proclamations about “food with integrity” have come back to bite it. For years the burrito chain won accolades from the likes of Fortune, as it provided a high-quality counterpoint to the fast food industry. Now, um, not so much. A nightmare of foodborne illness has ensued—not just E. coli, but also salmonella, and Norovirus—and Ells and Moran provided a lesson in what not to do in a crisis. Rather than take responsibility, Moran first pointed fingers at everyone else—the Centers for Disease Control as well as media for sensationalizing the company’s problems. Then Ells went on national TV and said that Chipotle would be the safest place to eat now that it had implemented new food safety measures. It turned out to be a promise the company couldn’t keep. Two more Norovirus incidents have since occurred. Sales have plummeted, as has the company’s stock price, and Chipotle is facing a federal investigation over its food safety issues.Honorable Mention in the Same Category: Blue Bell Creameries.

“挥金如土”奖

阿尔•佐丹奴和史蒂夫•那迪其，Wounded Warrior Project前COO和CEO

难以想象一家慈善老兵组织会把捐助款的40%都花费在工资和日常开销（包括头等舱机票和豪华会议）上，而没有用于帮助不幸受伤的老兵。但根据《纽约时报》和哥伦比亚广播公司对伤残战士救助计划的报道，事实就是如此。（报道还提到，其他同类慈善机构一般把捐助款的10%-15%用于日常开销）。《纽约时报》说那迪其在一年的工资达到47.3万美元。该组织虽对报道中的一些说法予以反驳，但在一次内部调查后，董事会宣布“更换新领导层对组织来说是件好事，CEO 史蒂夫•那迪其和COO阿尔•佐丹奴已经离职。”

Big Spenders Award

Al Giordano and Steve Nardizzi, former COO and CEO of the Wounded Warrior Project

A charity for veterans should be the last place that would fritter away 40% of donations on salaries and overhead (including first-class air fare and lavish conferences) rather than using them to help grievously injured soldiers. But that’s what the New York Times and CBS reported about the Wounded Warrior Project. (Other comparable charities typically use 10%-15% of donations on overhead, according to those reports.) For example, Nardizzi received $473,000 in compensation in one year, according to the Times. The organization disputed some elements of the reports, but after an internal investigation, its board announced that “the organization would benefit from new leadership, and WWP CEO Steve Nardizzi and COO Al Giordano are no longer with the organization.”

“挠后背”奖

石志辉，联合大陆(United Continental)前CEO

联合航空前CEO石志辉去年9月突然下台，据报道，联合航空在纽瓦克到哥伦比亚航线乘客极少的情况下仍然坚持运营，只是因为时任纽约和新泽西港务局局长想乘坐飞机去自己的度假屋。报道还说，由于受港务局主管，石志辉希望通过讨好相关负责人以获得纽瓦克相关项目的批准。而司法部也展开了针对联合航空可能获得纽瓦克机场更多起飞和着陆场地项目（该项目可能被政府禁止）的反垄断调查。事件爆出后公司声誉受损，在反垄断案件中的处境也相当不利。（公司说该项目是为了方便乘客；港务局前局长否认自己行为不当，目前石志辉没被起诉）。

The Back Scratch Prize

Jeff Smisek, former CEO of United Continental

Smisek stepped down suddenly last September and news reports emerged that Unitedoperated flights from Newark to Columbia, S.C., despite little passenger demand, because the then-chairman of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey needed to get to his vacation home. According to those reports, Smisek wanted to curry favor to win approval for projects at Newark, which is operated by the Port Authority. It meant bad press for United and certainly isn’t likely to help the company defend an antitrust suit filed by the Justice Department, in which the government is trying to block a deal in which United would acquire more take-off and landing slots at Newark Airport. (The company has said the deal would benefits customers. The former chair of the Port Authority has denied wrongdoing and no charges have been filed against Smisek.)

“不要怪里约”奖

迪尔马•罗塞夫，巴西总统

在巴西长达21年的军事政权期间，罗塞夫曾是一名政治犯。而现在，反对派议员批评这位巴西总统通过操控政府账户隐瞒国家日益增长的赤字，导致巴西陷入几十年来最严重的经济萧条，还有可能弹劾她。虽然罗塞夫极力为自己的行为辩护并发誓不会辞职，腐败丑闻却愈演愈烈。最近她希望任命前总统及导师卢拉担任政府要职，其实主要是为了帮卢拉免遭起诉（巴西内阁成员可享受豁免权），因此遭受更多指责。此外，寨卡病毒肆虐，下半年即将举办的奥运会困难重重也让巴西局势雪上加霜。（财富中文网）

译者：Charlie

审校：夏林

The “Don’t Blame It On Rio” Award

Dilma Rousseff, president of Brazil

Rousseff was once a political prisoner during the 21-year military regime in Brazil. Now the president is facing possible impeachment from opposition lawmakers who want to oust her over claims that she masked the country’s growing deficit—and the worst recession in a generation—by manipulating government accounts. Yet even as Rousseff defends her conduct and vows not to resign, the corruption scandal grows and she stumbles, most recently by attempting to appoint her predecessor and mentor, former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, as her chief of staff in what appeared to be a transparent attempt to shield him from prosecution (cabinet members in Brazil enjoy immunity). The spread of the Zika virus and fears of a trouble-plagued Olympic games later this year haven’t helped.