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特朗普政府称上周中东石油出口量已超伊朗战争前水平

Jordan Blum
2026-09-07

美国能源部长克里斯·赖特上周三的表态在能源市场引发震动。

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8月21日(周五),美国能源部长克里斯·赖特(Chris Wright)在俄亥俄州米德尔敦市克利夫兰‑克利夫斯公司(Cleveland Cliffs)米德尔敦工厂的一场活动上发表讲话。图片来源:Photographer: Brian Kaiser/Bloomberg via Getty Images

美国能源部长克里斯·赖特上周三的表态在能源市场引发震动。他称,上周一经霍尔木兹海峡及替代路线外运的中东石油总量,已超过伊朗战争爆发前的水平。

虽然近几周原油出口确实有所回升,但上周二美伊双方袭击再度升级,出口量再度回落。多家追踪油轮运输数据的分析机构均反驳了赖特的说法。

随着美国努力为油轮开辟一条更靠近阿曼的航道,越来越多石油运输商改用小型油轮通过狭窄的霍尔木兹海峡,驶入开阔的阿拉伯海后,再将原油转运至大型油轮,这一过程被称为船对船转运。

TankerTrackers.com联合创始人萨米尔·马达尼(Samir Madani)表示,这一过程可能耗时数天,而赖特似乎将多日转运量累加算作单日数据,他戏称这是“数学魔术”。

以下是赖特接受美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)采访时的原话:

“自冲突爆发以来,周一的运量刷新单日纪录。当天有超1700万桶石油通过船舶运出霍尔木兹海峡。如果再加上绕行管道的出口量,该地区的石油外运总量已高于冲突前的水平。”

战争爆发前,霍尔木兹海峡的原油常规外运量接近1500万桶/日;若计入其他石油制品,总量约为2000万桶/日。赖特的统计口径似乎将石油制品也一并纳入。至于他所提到的“绕行出口管道”,最典型的例子是沙特阿拉伯,该国目前每日通过两条线路出口300万至400万桶原油:一条是面临也门胡塞武装威胁的红海航线,另一条则是绕行航程更长的苏伊士运河。

若按赖特的说法,将红海和苏伊士运河的运量一并计入,该地区石油总外运量确实高于战前水平。

然而,马达尼在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,实际数据并不支持这一结论,不过过去七天的运量确实高于28天均值。

马达尼称,8月31日(周一),阿拉伯海石油外运量约为914万桶,包含霍尔木兹海峡运量及阿联酋取道阿曼湾的绕行运量。

他表示,这实际上是近期单日运输量最高的日子之一,但仍远低于战前水平。马达尼表示,阿拉伯海石油外运的七天均值为827万桶,远高于近期28天均值685万桶。

由此可见,美军疏通航道、清除水雷、削弱伊朗威胁的举措正在缓慢见效。但马达尼表示,随着双方再度交火,9月1日运量回落至约681万桶,9月2日进一步跌至463万桶。

“可以看出,运量根本谈不上稳定。”马达尼说,并指出,与战前不同,如今每日石油外运量波动剧烈。

霍尔木兹这张“底牌”

在美国消费者新闻与商业频道采访的后半段,赖特提出,封锁霍尔木兹海峡是伊朗手中“唯一一张牌”。

“伊朗确实造成了一些干扰,但他们正在失去这张牌。”赖特继续说道。

能源分析机构Kpler在8月初发布报告称,即便算上管道绕行等替代运输路径,中东石油出口量也仅恢复至战前水平的约65%。该机构暂未提供8月末的完整数据,但到月底,这一比例可能已升至70%以上。

面对媒体提问,白宫依旧公开维护赖特的言论。

一名白宫官员在声明中表示:“美国政府与美军掌握着阿拉伯湾石油产品运输最全面的数据。”

白宫同时援引特朗普总统上周一的讲话:“霍尔木兹海峡的局势非常稳定。要知道,局面正由我们掌控。正如大家所见,昨晚大批船只在美国海军护航下顺利通行。我们平均每晚保障30艘船只通行,规模相当可观,大量石油得以外运。正因如此,油价并未像外界此前预测的那样出现暴涨。”

油价之所以始终维持在每桶100美元以下,很大程度上是因为中国进口减少、美国出口增加,以及美国战略石油储备持续消耗至44年来最低水平。不过,袭击再度爆发后,全球原油基准价格上周三攀升至95美元以上,高于一周前的87美元。

上周三,美国普通无铅汽油全国均价为每加仑4.12美元。不考虑通货膨胀因素,这是在劳动节周末前达到的历史最高水平。

GasBuddy石油分析主管帕特里克·德哈恩(Patrick De Haan)表示:“去年劳动节油价创下2020年以来低点,但今年夏天基调骤然反转。当前油价波动,与其说是受传统供需关系影响,不如说是受全球地缘冲突带来的原油和成品油供应不确定性影响。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

美国能源部长克里斯·赖特上周三的表态在能源市场引发震动。他称,上周一经霍尔木兹海峡及替代路线外运的中东石油总量,已超过伊朗战争爆发前的水平。

虽然近几周原油出口确实有所回升,但上周二美伊双方袭击再度升级,出口量再度回落。多家追踪油轮运输数据的分析机构均反驳了赖特的说法。

随着美国努力为油轮开辟一条更靠近阿曼的航道,越来越多石油运输商改用小型油轮通过狭窄的霍尔木兹海峡,驶入开阔的阿拉伯海后,再将原油转运至大型油轮,这一过程被称为船对船转运。

TankerTrackers.com联合创始人萨米尔·马达尼(Samir Madani)表示,这一过程可能耗时数天,而赖特似乎将多日转运量累加算作单日数据,他戏称这是“数学魔术”。

以下是赖特接受美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)采访时的原话:

“自冲突爆发以来,周一的运量刷新单日纪录。当天有超1700万桶石油通过船舶运出霍尔木兹海峡。如果再加上绕行管道的出口量,该地区的石油外运总量已高于冲突前的水平。”

战争爆发前,霍尔木兹海峡的原油常规外运量接近1500万桶/日;若计入其他石油制品,总量约为2000万桶/日。赖特的统计口径似乎将石油制品也一并纳入。至于他所提到的“绕行出口管道”,最典型的例子是沙特阿拉伯,该国目前每日通过两条线路出口300万至400万桶原油:一条是面临也门胡塞武装威胁的红海航线,另一条则是绕行航程更长的苏伊士运河。

若按赖特的说法,将红海和苏伊士运河的运量一并计入,该地区石油总外运量确实高于战前水平。

然而,马达尼在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,实际数据并不支持这一结论,不过过去七天的运量确实高于28天均值。

马达尼称,8月31日(周一),阿拉伯海石油外运量约为914万桶,包含霍尔木兹海峡运量及阿联酋取道阿曼湾的绕行运量。

他表示,这实际上是近期单日运输量最高的日子之一,但仍远低于战前水平。马达尼表示,阿拉伯海石油外运的七天均值为827万桶,远高于近期28天均值685万桶。

由此可见,美军疏通航道、清除水雷、削弱伊朗威胁的举措正在缓慢见效。但马达尼表示,随着双方再度交火,9月1日运量回落至约681万桶,9月2日进一步跌至463万桶。

“可以看出,运量根本谈不上稳定。”马达尼说,并指出,与战前不同,如今每日石油外运量波动剧烈。

霍尔木兹这张“底牌”

在美国消费者新闻与商业频道采访的后半段,赖特提出,封锁霍尔木兹海峡是伊朗手中“唯一一张牌”。

“伊朗确实造成了一些干扰,但他们正在失去这张牌。”赖特继续说道。

能源分析机构Kpler在8月初发布报告称,即便算上管道绕行等替代运输路径,中东石油出口量也仅恢复至战前水平的约65%。该机构暂未提供8月末的完整数据,但到月底,这一比例可能已升至70%以上。

面对媒体提问,白宫依旧公开维护赖特的言论。

一名白宫官员在声明中表示:“美国政府与美军掌握着阿拉伯湾石油产品运输最全面的数据。”

白宫同时援引特朗普总统上周一的讲话:“霍尔木兹海峡的局势非常稳定。要知道,局面正由我们掌控。正如大家所见,昨晚大批船只在美国海军护航下顺利通行。我们平均每晚保障30艘船只通行,规模相当可观,大量石油得以外运。正因如此,油价并未像外界此前预测的那样出现暴涨。”

油价之所以始终维持在每桶100美元以下,很大程度上是因为中国进口减少、美国出口增加,以及美国战略石油储备持续消耗至44年来最低水平。不过,袭击再度爆发后,全球原油基准价格上周三攀升至95美元以上,高于一周前的87美元。

上周三,美国普通无铅汽油全国均价为每加仑4.12美元。不考虑通货膨胀因素,这是在劳动节周末前达到的历史最高水平。

GasBuddy石油分析主管帕特里克·德哈恩(Patrick De Haan)表示:“去年劳动节油价创下2020年以来低点,但今年夏天基调骤然反转。当前油价波动,与其说是受传统供需关系影响,不如说是受全球地缘冲突带来的原油和成品油供应不确定性影响。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

U.S. Energy Secretary Chris Wright raised eyebrows in energy markets Wednesday when he said more oil exports left the Middle East on Monday—between the Strait of Hormuz and alternative routes—than before the beginning of the Iran war.

While crude oil exports have indeed risen in recent weeks—at least until an escalation of U.S. and Iranian attacks on Tuesday that slowed exports yet again—analytics firms that track tanker traffic rebutted Wright’s claims.

As the U.S. has worked to carve out a path for oil tankers that hews closer to Oman, more oil shippers are using smaller tankers to move through the narrow Strait of Hormuz and then transferring their volumes to larger tankers in the broader Arabian Sea, a process called ship-to-ship transfers.

That process can be time consuming over days, and it appears that Wright is adding up transfers over multiple days into a single day, said Samir Madani, co-founder of TankerTrackers.com, jokingly calling it “mathemagics.”

Here’s what Wright initially had to say during an interview with CNBC:

“Monday was our record ever through, since the conflict began. Over 17 million barrels of oil flowed through the Strait of Hormuz on ships on Monday. If you add the bypass export pipelines, more than left the region [than] in the pre-conflict.”

Prior to the war, nearly 15 million barrels of crude oil routinely trekked the Strait of Hormuz—about 20 million barrels including other petroleum products. Wright seems to be counting products too. And, in terms of Wright’s mention of “bypass export pipelines,” Saudi Arabia, most notably, is now exporting between 3 million and 4 million barrels of oil each day through the Red Sea—which is under threat by the Yemeni Houthis—or the more circuitous Suez Canal.

Taking Wright’s word for it, that would indeed put traffic back above pre-war levels, including the Red Sea and Suez Canal volumes.

But Madani told Fortune the data says otherwise, although the past seven days of traffic are higher than the 28-day average.

On Monday, Aug. 31, Madani said an estimated 9.14 million barrels of oil exited the Arabian Sea—including volumes through Hormuz and the United Arab Emirates’ bypass volumes from the Gulf of Oman.

That was in fact one of the highest days of traffic of late, he said, but still well below pre-war volumes. Madani said the seven-day average is 8.27 million barrels of oil exiting the Arabian Sea, well up from the most recent 28-day average of 6.85 million barrels.

So, clearly, the U.S. military’s efforts to clear shipping paths, remove mines, and reduce Iran’s threats are slowly working. But, when hostilities resumed, Madani said volumes fell to an estimated 6.81 million barrels on Sept. 1 and then to 4.63 million barrels on Sept. 2.

“You can see that it is anything but steady,” Madani said, noting that volumes can fluctuate wildly day by day, as opposed to before the war.

The Hormuz ‘card’

Later in his CNBC interview, Wright argued that blocking the Strait of Hormuz was Iran’s “one card.”

“They’re causing some disruption, but they are losing that card,” Wright continued.

Earlier in August, energy analytics firm Kpler said Middle Eastern oil-exporting volumes had returned to about 65% of their pre-war levels, including pipeline bypass alternatives. While Kpler did not have end-of-August numbers readily available, those volumes could have risen above 70% by the end of the month.

The White House though doubled down on Wright’s remarks when asked.

“The United States government and the United States military maintains the best available data related to oil products transiting the Arabian Gulf,” a White House official said in a statement.

The White House also pointed to President Donald Trump’s comments on Monday. “We have the Strait of Hormuz in extremely good shape,” Trump said. “You know, we’re taking over. Many, many ships got through last night, as you know, with the Navy’s assistance. And we’ve been averaging 30 ships a night. That’s a lot. And a lot of oil is coming out. That’s why you haven’t seen the price of oil go like they thought it might have to go.”

Largely because of China’s reduced imports and the United States’ increased exports—and the ongoing depletion of the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve to 44-year lows—the price of oil has remained below the $100 per barrel threshold. However, the global oil benchmark did rise above $95 on Wednesday after the resumption of attacks—up from $87 a week prior.

The U.S. average price for a gallon of regular unleaded gasoline on Wednesday was $4.12—the highest price ever heading into a Labor Day weekend, not accounting for inflation.

“Last year saw the cheapest Labor Day since 2020, but the pendulum has swung wildly this summer. This year has been less about typical supply and demand, and more about uncertainty over how global tensions will affect the availability of crude oil and refined products,” said Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis at GasBuddy.

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