
长期以来,埃隆·马斯克一直在积极吸引散户投资者参与其商业版图。如今,在SpaceX首次公开募股之际,他正为散户投资者提供一个买入该公司股票的机会。
这家火箭与卫星制造公司计划通过IPO募集至少750亿美元资金。根据发行方案,SpaceX将以每股135美元的价格发行超过5.55亿股股票,公司的估值将超过1.75万亿美元。如果承销商行使超额配售权,以满足旺盛的市场需求,募资总额最高可达857亿美元。
此次IPO预计将于周四晚间完成定价,并于周五在纳斯达克挂牌交易,股票代码为SPCX。
此次IPO计划将30%的发行额度配售给散户投资者。这意味着散户有机会认购价值超过200亿美元的股票,其余额度将分配给机构投资者。
这一比例远高于IPO市场的惯例。通常情况下,为散户预留的发行额度仅有5%至10%。近年来,散户已逐渐成长为美股市场一股不可忽视的力量,尤其是在市场遭遇抛售时,他们往往坚持“逢低买入”的策略。
SpaceX已指定多家券商负责向有意参与IPO的散户投资者分销股票,包括Robinhood Markets、SoFi、E*Trade、富达投资(Fidelity Investments)以及嘉信理财(Charles Schwab)。
有意参与此次IPO的投资者,首先需要满足各家券商设定的资格要求。例如,嘉信理财规定,投资者账户资产至少达到10万美元,才有资格参与SpaceX的IPO认购。
富达投资已将参与此次IPO的账户最低资产要求从50万美元大幅下调至2,000美元,而Robinhood、SoFi和E*Trade则没有设置最低资金要求。
投资者登录相关券商平台后,还需完成若干步骤,例如提交认购意向,并注明拟认购的股票数量。
根据富达投资的规定,投资者可申请认购任意数量的股票,最低1股、最高100万股。不过,提交认购申请不代表一定能够获得配额。
富达投资在说明中表示:“投资者最终可能获得部分股份,完全未获配售,也可能获得全部申请股份。最终配售结果取决于供需情况,具体而言,取决于富达实际获得的股份数量,以及客户提交的认购申请总量。”
提交认购申请后,投资者还需在周四晚间SpaceX IPO定价时再次确认认购意向。完成确认后,原先的认购意向才会转化为正式订单。不过,即便完成上述所有步骤,投资者最终获得的股份数量仍无法得到保证。
股票配售结果将于周五上午公布。若认购成功,投资者将收到券商发送的通知。获配股票的资金最迟需在股票开始交易后的一个工作日内完成支付。
对于账户内资金充足的投资者,券商将自动从账户中扣款;若资金不足,则需通过支票或电汇补足认购款项。
富达投资表示,将尽力为所有确认认购意向的客户分配“部分”股份,但同时提醒,若市场需求过于旺盛,这一目标或将难以实现。
该券商机构表示:“如果无法为所有意向客户分配股份,富达投资将采用‘抽签机制’,力求以公平、公正的方式进行配售。但请注意,由于IPO可供分配的股份数量有限,客户最终获得的股份数量可能少于申请数量,在某些情况下甚至可能完全无法获配。”

当然,未能在IPO阶段获得配售资格的散户投资者,仍可在SpaceX上市后,像买卖其他股票一样,通过证券账户直接买入其股票。目前市场上还有多家上市航天企业可供投资者选择,例如Rocket Lab、Firefly Aerospace和Intuitive Machines等。
不过,新股上市首日往往会股价大涨。届时,大量买盘涌入,可能导致通过二级市场买入的投资者不得不支付较高溢价才能持有SpaceX股票。
此外,由于此次IPO规模将创下历史纪录,市场波动性也可能明显上升。许多投资者可能会出售其他股票持仓,为认购SpaceX股票筹集资金。
法国巴黎银行(BNP Paribas)美国股票与衍生品策略主管格雷格·布特尔在上周五发布的一份报告中表示:“如果所有人同步争相买入(或卖出),价格偏离合理水平的风险将显著增加。”
多年来,市场对SpaceX始终保持高度关注,马斯克也曾多次暗示公司可能上市。自2002年成立以来,SpaceX在重塑航天产业格局后,便长期位居全球估值最高的初创公司之列。
去年,SpaceX完成了全球超过80%的火箭发射任务。目前已有超过1万颗“星链”(Starlink)卫星在轨运行,为企业客户及各国军方提供天基互联网连接服务。
同时,SpaceX也是美国国家航空航天局(NASA)和美国国防部的重要发射服务供应商。美国国防部目前正寄望于SpaceX协助建设唐纳德·特朗普提出的“金穹顶”导弹防御系统。
SpaceX的一系列突破性创新,如实现自主回收着陆的可重复使用火箭助推器等,为其积累了大批忠实拥趸,而这些支持者应该会转化为公司的散户投资者。与此同时,马斯克本人也有一批追随他的狂热崇拜者。
法国巴黎银行认为,散户投资者的热情和买盘,可能比被动型投资基金因指数纳入而产生的被动买盘,对SpaceX股价以及此次IPO市场表现的影响更大。布特尔表示,今年以来,散户投资者整体呈现出“害怕错过机会(FOMO)、追涨买入”的行为模式。
他补充道:“这种羊群效应往往会放大市场波动,并加剧极端行情。而被动投资需求则会进一步放大这种效应。”(财富中文网)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
长期以来,埃隆·马斯克一直在积极吸引散户投资者参与其商业版图。如今,在SpaceX首次公开募股之际,他正为散户投资者提供一个买入该公司股票的机会。
这家火箭与卫星制造公司计划通过IPO募集至少750亿美元资金。根据发行方案,SpaceX将以每股135美元的价格发行超过5.55亿股股票,公司的估值将超过1.75万亿美元。如果承销商行使超额配售权,以满足旺盛的市场需求,募资总额最高可达857亿美元。
此次IPO预计将于周四晚间完成定价,并于周五在纳斯达克挂牌交易,股票代码为SPCX。
此次IPO计划将30%的发行额度配售给散户投资者。这意味着散户有机会认购价值超过200亿美元的股票,其余额度将分配给机构投资者。
这一比例远高于IPO市场的惯例。通常情况下,为散户预留的发行额度仅有5%至10%。近年来,散户已逐渐成长为美股市场一股不可忽视的力量,尤其是在市场遭遇抛售时,他们往往坚持“逢低买入”的策略。
SpaceX已指定多家券商负责向有意参与IPO的散户投资者分销股票,包括Robinhood Markets、SoFi、E*Trade、富达投资(Fidelity Investments)以及嘉信理财(Charles Schwab)。
有意参与此次IPO的投资者,首先需要满足各家券商设定的资格要求。例如,嘉信理财规定,投资者账户资产至少达到10万美元,才有资格参与SpaceX的IPO认购。
富达投资已将参与此次IPO的账户最低资产要求从50万美元大幅下调至2,000美元,而Robinhood、SoFi和E*Trade则没有设置最低资金要求。
投资者登录相关券商平台后,还需完成若干步骤,例如提交认购意向,并注明拟认购的股票数量。
根据富达投资的规定,投资者可申请认购任意数量的股票,最低1股、最高100万股。不过,提交认购申请不代表一定能够获得配额。
富达投资在说明中表示:“投资者最终可能获得部分股份,完全未获配售,也可能获得全部申请股份。最终配售结果取决于供需情况,具体而言,取决于富达实际获得的股份数量,以及客户提交的认购申请总量。”
提交认购申请后,投资者还需在周四晚间SpaceX IPO定价时再次确认认购意向。完成确认后,原先的认购意向才会转化为正式订单。不过,即便完成上述所有步骤,投资者最终获得的股份数量仍无法得到保证。
股票配售结果将于周五上午公布。若认购成功,投资者将收到券商发送的通知。获配股票的资金最迟需在股票开始交易后的一个工作日内完成支付。
对于账户内资金充足的投资者,券商将自动从账户中扣款;若资金不足,则需通过支票或电汇补足认购款项。
富达投资表示,将尽力为所有确认认购意向的客户分配“部分”股份,但同时提醒,若市场需求过于旺盛,这一目标或将难以实现。
该券商机构表示:“如果无法为所有意向客户分配股份,富达投资将采用‘抽签机制’,力求以公平、公正的方式进行配售。但请注意,由于IPO可供分配的股份数量有限,客户最终获得的股份数量可能少于申请数量,在某些情况下甚至可能完全无法获配。”
当然,未能在IPO阶段获得配售资格的散户投资者,仍可在SpaceX上市后,像买卖其他股票一样,通过证券账户直接买入其股票。目前市场上还有多家上市航天企业可供投资者选择,例如Rocket Lab、Firefly Aerospace和Intuitive Machines等。
不过,新股上市首日往往会股价大涨。届时,大量买盘涌入,可能导致通过二级市场买入的投资者不得不支付较高溢价才能持有SpaceX股票。
此外,由于此次IPO规模将创下历史纪录,市场波动性也可能明显上升。许多投资者可能会出售其他股票持仓,为认购SpaceX股票筹集资金。
法国巴黎银行(BNP Paribas)美国股票与衍生品策略主管格雷格·布特尔在上周五发布的一份报告中表示:“如果所有人同步争相买入(或卖出),价格偏离合理水平的风险将显著增加。”
多年来,市场对SpaceX始终保持高度关注,马斯克也曾多次暗示公司可能上市。自2002年成立以来,SpaceX在重塑航天产业格局后,便长期位居全球估值最高的初创公司之列。
去年,SpaceX完成了全球超过80%的火箭发射任务。目前已有超过1万颗“星链”(Starlink)卫星在轨运行,为企业客户及各国军方提供天基互联网连接服务。
同时,SpaceX也是美国国家航空航天局(NASA)和美国国防部的重要发射服务供应商。美国国防部目前正寄望于SpaceX协助建设唐纳德·特朗普提出的“金穹顶”导弹防御系统。
SpaceX的一系列突破性创新,如实现自主回收着陆的可重复使用火箭助推器等,为其积累了大批忠实拥趸,而这些支持者应该会转化为公司的散户投资者。与此同时,马斯克本人也有一批追随他的狂热崇拜者。
法国巴黎银行认为,散户投资者的热情和买盘,可能比被动型投资基金因指数纳入而产生的被动买盘,对SpaceX股价以及此次IPO市场表现的影响更大。布特尔表示,今年以来,散户投资者整体呈现出“害怕错过机会(FOMO)、追涨买入”的行为模式。
他补充道:“这种羊群效应往往会放大市场波动,并加剧极端行情。而被动投资需求则会进一步放大这种效应。”(财富中文网)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
Elon Musk has long courted retail investors, and he’s giving them a chance to buy SpaceX stock when the company issues shares for the initial public offering.
The rocket and satellite company plans to raise at least $75 billion in its IPO by selling over 555 million shares at $135 apiece, valuing the company at more than $1.75 trillion. If underwriters exercise options for additional allotments to meet high demand, proceeds could grow to $85.7 billion.
The IPO is expected to price Thursday evening, with shares trading Friday on the Nasdaq under the ticker SPCX.
As much as 30% of the offering will be earmarked for retail investors, meaning they will scoop up more than $20 billion worth of shares, with institutional investors grabbing the rest.
That’s well above the 5% to 10% that’s typically set aside for retail investors, who have emerged in recent years as a major force in the stock market, especially as they doggedly “buy the dip” whenever there’s a selloff.
SpaceX designated Robinhood Markets, SoFi, E*Trade, Fidelity Investments, and Charles Schwab to distribute shares to retail investors who want to participate in the IPO.
Investors seeking to get in on the action must first meet the requirements for each brokerage. For example, Charles Schwab requires investors to have at least $100,000 in their accounts in order to be eligible for the SpaceX IPO.
Fidelity lowered its account minimum to $2,000 from $500,000, while Robinhood, SoFi, and E*Trade don’t require minimum amounts.
Once logged in to one of the brokerages, investors must take some additional steps, such as submitting an indication of interest that also specifies the number of shares desired.
Under Fidelity’s rules, investors can request any amount of shares, from as little as one to as much as a million, but it doesn’t guarantee account holders will actually receive them.
“You may receive some, none, or all of the shares requested,” Fidelity says. “Final allocations depend on supply and demand, which are ultimately determined by the number of shares Fidelity receives vs. the number of shares requested by clients.”
Once that request has been submitted, investors must then confirm their interest on Thursday night, when the SpaceX IPO prices. Confirmation turns the indication of interest into an actual order. But again, that doesn’t guarantee investors will get what they want.
Shares will be allocated on Friday morning, and investors will receive an alert if their order went through. Any shares must be paid for no later than one business day after the stock begins trading.
Investors with enough cash in their accounts will automatically be debited, while those who need additional funds must deposit them via check or wire transfer.
Fidelity says it will try to allocate “some” shares to everyone who confirms interest but warned that high demand may not make that possible.
“If Fidelity is unable to allocate shares to all customers interested in participating, we will use a ‘lottery’ to allocate shares as fairly and equitably as possible across all interested clients,” the brokerage says. “Please note that due to the limited amount of shares available on any IPO, clients may receive fewer shares than they requested or in some cases none at all.”
Of course, retail investors who don’t make the cut can still buy SpaceX shares once they start trading publicly by placing an order just as they would for any other stock. There is also a wide array of other space stocks already trading, such as Rocket Lab, Firefly Aerospace, and Intuitive Machines.
But stocks often pop in their trading debut, and the rush of orders may mean investors going that route may end up paying a steep premium to own SpaceX.
And given that the IPO will be the biggest ever, the market will likely see extra volatility as investors sell other shares in their portfolios to raise cash for SpaceX purchases.
“If all are chasing to buy (or sell) at the same time, the risk of price dislocation becomes much greater,” Greg Boutle, head of U.S. equity and derivative strategy at BNP Paribas, said in a note on Friday.
Interest in the company has been high for years, with Musk teasing an IPO along the way. That’s because SpaceX has long been one of the most highly valued startups after taking over the space industry since its founding in 2002.
It claimed more than 80% of global rocket launches last year and has over 10,000 Starlink satellites in orbit, providing space-based internet connections to businesses and militaries.
SpaceX is also a top launch provider for NASA and the Pentagon, which is looking to the company to help develop President Donald Trump’s “Golden Dome” missile-defense shield.
The company’s stunning innovations—like reusable boosters that can land autonomously—have earned it a devoted fan base that should translate to retail investors. In addition, Musk has his own set of fanboys who follow his lead.
BNP Paribas said retail investors could be more important for SpaceX and the IPO’s market impact than flows from passive investment funds adding SpaceX to their indexes. According to Boutle, they have behaved in “a FOMO-style, rally-chasing manner” so far this year.
“This type of herd behavior tends to amplify moves and create fatter tails,” he added. “This would then be amplified by passive investment demand.”