首页 500强 活动 榜单 商业 科技 领导力 专题 品牌中心
杂志订阅

65岁还想上班,越来越多的美国老人延迟退休

JANET MARKOFF
2024-05-27

美国职场规则在过去5年中发生了巨大变化,而且也将继续变化。

文本设置
小号
默认
大号
Plus(0条)

2007年,我撰写了一篇文章,力劝律所重新考虑其强制性退休政策。我写这篇文章的部分动机在于,公平就业机会委员会(Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)起诉了一家律所,原因在于股权合伙人到了65岁之后就会被取消股权。然而,大部分原因还是因为受到了我当时89岁老父亲的鼓舞,他直到65岁左右才进入了其职业的最佳状态。此后他一直工作,直到78岁才不得不退休。在我看来,他比年轻时更敏锐、更受尊敬,而且工作效率更高。

今年晚些时候,我将迎来自己的65岁生日,因此我开始不由自主地回顾自己的一生,并审视处于职业转折点的自己在目前的心态。我在Major, Lindsey & Africa从事法律猎头顾问近30年的时间,该公司是全球最大的法律搜索公司。我最近被公司派往纽约办事处担任执行合伙人,该办事处规模在全球26个办事处中居于首位。作为公司内部一贯的高产者,同时有鉴于我的专长以及对公司职场大家庭深厚的感情,我认为这个任命的时机恰到好处,因为此时我刚刚进入了职业生涯的最佳状态。

更长的工作年限

有这种想法的不止我一个人。美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)预测,未来十年,全美劳动力增幅的57%都由美国老年人贡献。人们的寿命变长了,因此可以工作的年限也变长了。然而,财务必要性并非是让老年雇员继续上班的唯一依因素。疫情让劳动力市场发生了巨大变化,而且人们不得不耗费大量时间来认真审视其生活重心。在这一期间,我倾听了多位资深法律专业人士的意见,他们已经开始重新评估其后续职业生涯的任职。诚然,此举在一定程度上是出于对失去收入的恐惧,因为经济似乎进入停滞状态。不过,在一番思考之后,人们实际上可能更害怕失去其职业目标、参与度和圈子。

纽约律所Mayer Brown充满活力、雄心勃勃的高级合伙人菲利斯·科尔夫同意上述观点。菲利斯在职业生涯初期从事过教育工作,随后成为了居家母亲,她决定在35岁念法学院,并从纽约大学法学院(School of Law)毕业,最终成为了纽约一家知名律所的合伙人,一干就是33年。在其工作期间,律所实施了一项退休政策,让处于退休年龄的合伙人担任“顾问”一职。由于菲利斯非常享受获得新客户的过程,她发现新职务并不利于自己开发业务,并担心客户会将其看作“没有什么话语权”的人。因此,她跳槽到了当前的公司,并在那里工作了五年多的时间,继续开发和服务稳健的客户群体,同时辅导和招聘更年轻的律师,并积极参加社区服务。

同样,米奇·格斯曾在全球多家首要化学、制药、化妆品和生命科学公司担任法律总顾问一职,长达30年的时间。他最后的职务是在跨国医药公司Jubilant Pharma担任法律顾问,长达八年,然后决定在2024年1月退休。然而,在“退休后”初期,米奇想到了道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟将军1951年在向美国国会致辞时的结语,很简单的一句话——“老兵永远不会死亡,只是会淡出视野”。他意识到自己还没有为“淡出视野”做好准备。米奇有着独特的商业敏锐度以及“消化、思考和再思考”企业所面对的复杂法律问题的能力,而且他希望继续发挥这些专长的愿望一如从前。截至发稿之日,米奇决定去寻找其他法律顾问职位,并在积极地探索新机会。

退休考量因素

做出是否退休的决定——以及是否对当前工作或承担更多的工作感到倦怠,——并不是一件容易的事情。然而,我们的职场规则在过去5年中发生了巨大变化,而且也将继续变化,因此,人们到了65岁这个可随性而为的年纪之后会退休或想退休的推断将不再成立。随着人们向传统的退休年纪迈进,在决定是否真的离开职场或迎接下一个挑战之前,有多个因素值得人们去思考:

经验无可替代:在机构内部,“智慧会随着年龄的增长而增长”通常是一件稀缺商品。简而言之,在一段较长的职业生涯中,你比年轻的同事有更多的机会来体验最好的老师——失败。这种经历可能有助于帮助新生代规避过去所犯的错误,同时也能让其有机会受益于你辛苦获得的智慧。作为年长、经验丰富的职业人士,防止出现失败的努力将最终带来未来的成功。由于在过去经历过失败,当遇到将逆势转变为顺势的机会时,你可能会更有动力,而不是心灰意冷。

通过减少工作时间来体验一下退休或尝试新的机会:如果你对工作感到不满,在彻底放弃之前,不妨考虑在机构中换个岗位或担任顾问一职。我发现,女性更容易出现这种感觉,因为她们需要付出更多精力来平衡家庭和工作生活。结果,我实际上发现有更多的女性会寻求加入董事会,尤其是非营利性机构的董事会,从而看看自己是否真的已经为退休做好了准备,还是说通过换一种方式来发挥其才干。此举或将成为一个非常好的缓冲地带,因为你可以花时间来全面考虑这个异常重要的人生问题。此外,也可以尝试通过聘请职业教练来彻底弄清楚这个问题。

跨代指导:当然,更资深的专业人士可以指导或培训年轻雇员,并将其培养成公司的下一代领导层。然而,反过来,老员工也可以从年轻员工那里学到很多东西,并进一步完善自身技能。通过这种方式,他们可以继续获得满足感和个人进步,而这正是众多员工希望从工作中获得的内容。例如,千禧一代在职场沟通中会更直接和实际,他们可以帮助其前辈来打磨这一技能。通过留在职场并不断成长,老一辈还可以为年轻一代提供一个间接的好处:耶鲁大学(Yale University)的研究显示,如果人们在年轻时就能积极看待自己变老这件事情,那么这类人的寿命比那些消极看待的人群平均长7.5岁。

多项研究显示,人们在生活中的人脉和参与度越多,寿命就会越长而且越健康。在大部分职业生涯中,多数人每周工作40个小时,并靠工作来获得财务安全以及至少一部分个人满足感、目的感和成就感以及社会关系。老员工在职场上也能够发挥大量作用,并学到很多东西。各大公司应前瞻性地留住和沟通这些依然愿意接受挑战的员工。这对于涉及的各方都是双赢的。确实,如果在合适的职场环境中,人们会感到更充实。既然自己已经变老了,那么为什么不选择适合自己的职场环境呢?(财富中文网)

珍妮特·马尔科夫是全球最大法律猎头公司Major, Lindsey & Africa纽约办事处的执行合伙人。她是公司合伙人执业组的成员,其安置的个人律师和律师团体横跨一系列执业领域。

Fortune.com上评论文章中表达的观点仅代表作者个人观点,并不代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

2007年,我撰写了一篇文章,力劝律所重新考虑其强制性退休政策。我写这篇文章的部分动机在于,公平就业机会委员会(Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)起诉了一家律所,原因在于股权合伙人到了65岁之后就会被取消股权。然而,大部分原因还是因为受到了我当时89岁老父亲的鼓舞,他直到65岁左右才进入了其职业的最佳状态。此后他一直工作,直到78岁才不得不退休。在我看来,他比年轻时更敏锐、更受尊敬,而且工作效率更高。

今年晚些时候,我将迎来自己的65岁生日,因此我开始不由自主地回顾自己的一生,并审视处于职业转折点的自己在目前的心态。我在Major, Lindsey & Africa从事法律猎头顾问近30年的时间,该公司是全球最大的法律搜索公司。我最近被公司派往纽约办事处担任执行合伙人,该办事处规模在全球26个办事处中居于首位。作为公司内部一贯的高产者,同时有鉴于我的专长以及对公司职场大家庭深厚的感情,我认为这个任命的时机恰到好处,因为此时我刚刚进入了职业生涯的最佳状态。

更长的工作年限

有这种想法的不止我一个人。美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)预测,未来十年,全美劳动力增幅的57%都由美国老年人贡献。人们的寿命变长了,因此可以工作的年限也变长了。然而,财务必要性并非是让老年雇员继续上班的唯一依因素。疫情让劳动力市场发生了巨大变化,而且人们不得不耗费大量时间来认真审视其生活重心。在这一期间,我倾听了多位资深法律专业人士的意见,他们已经开始重新评估其后续职业生涯的任职。诚然,此举在一定程度上是出于对失去收入的恐惧,因为经济似乎进入停滞状态。不过,在一番思考之后,人们实际上可能更害怕失去其职业目标、参与度和圈子。

纽约律所Mayer Brown充满活力、雄心勃勃的高级合伙人菲利斯·科尔夫同意上述观点。菲利斯在职业生涯初期从事过教育工作,随后成为了居家母亲,她决定在35岁念法学院,并从纽约大学法学院(School of Law)毕业,最终成为了纽约一家知名律所的合伙人,一干就是33年。在其工作期间,律所实施了一项退休政策,让处于退休年龄的合伙人担任“顾问”一职。由于菲利斯非常享受获得新客户的过程,她发现新职务并不利于自己开发业务,并担心客户会将其看作“没有什么话语权”的人。因此,她跳槽到了当前的公司,并在那里工作了五年多的时间,继续开发和服务稳健的客户群体,同时辅导和招聘更年轻的律师,并积极参加社区服务。

同样,米奇·格斯曾在全球多家首要化学、制药、化妆品和生命科学公司担任法律总顾问一职,长达30年的时间。他最后的职务是在跨国医药公司Jubilant Pharma担任法律顾问,长达八年,然后决定在2024年1月退休。然而,在“退休后”初期,米奇想到了道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟将军1951年在向美国国会致辞时的结语,很简单的一句话——“老兵永远不会死亡,只是会淡出视野”。他意识到自己还没有为“淡出视野”做好准备。米奇有着独特的商业敏锐度以及“消化、思考和再思考”企业所面对的复杂法律问题的能力,而且他希望继续发挥这些专长的愿望一如从前。截至发稿之日,米奇决定去寻找其他法律顾问职位,并在积极地探索新机会。

退休考量因素

做出是否退休的决定——以及是否对当前工作或承担更多的工作感到倦怠,——并不是一件容易的事情。然而,我们的职场规则在过去5年中发生了巨大变化,而且也将继续变化,因此,人们到了65岁这个可随性而为的年纪之后会退休或想退休的推断将不再成立。随着人们向传统的退休年纪迈进,在决定是否真的离开职场或迎接下一个挑战之前,有多个因素值得人们去思考:

经验无可替代:在机构内部,“智慧会随着年龄的增长而增长”通常是一件稀缺商品。简而言之,在一段较长的职业生涯中,你比年轻的同事有更多的机会来体验最好的老师——失败。这种经历可能有助于帮助新生代规避过去所犯的错误,同时也能让其有机会受益于你辛苦获得的智慧。作为年长、经验丰富的职业人士,防止出现失败的努力将最终带来未来的成功。由于在过去经历过失败,当遇到将逆势转变为顺势的机会时,你可能会更有动力,而不是心灰意冷。

通过减少工作时间来体验一下退休或尝试新的机会:如果你对工作感到不满,在彻底放弃之前,不妨考虑在机构中换个岗位或担任顾问一职。我发现,女性更容易出现这种感觉,因为她们需要付出更多精力来平衡家庭和工作生活。结果,我实际上发现有更多的女性会寻求加入董事会,尤其是非营利性机构的董事会,从而看看自己是否真的已经为退休做好了准备,还是说通过换一种方式来发挥其才干。此举或将成为一个非常好的缓冲地带,因为你可以花时间来全面考虑这个异常重要的人生问题。此外,也可以尝试通过聘请职业教练来彻底弄清楚这个问题。

跨代指导:当然,更资深的专业人士可以指导或培训年轻雇员,并将其培养成公司的下一代领导层。然而,反过来,老员工也可以从年轻员工那里学到很多东西,并进一步完善自身技能。通过这种方式,他们可以继续获得满足感和个人进步,而这正是众多员工希望从工作中获得的内容。例如,千禧一代在职场沟通中会更直接和实际,他们可以帮助其前辈来打磨这一技能。通过留在职场并不断成长,老一辈还可以为年轻一代提供一个间接的好处:耶鲁大学(Yale University)的研究显示,如果人们在年轻时就能积极看待自己变老这件事情,那么这类人的寿命比那些消极看待的人群平均长7.5岁。

多项研究显示,人们在生活中的人脉和参与度越多,寿命就会越长而且越健康。在大部分职业生涯中,多数人每周工作40个小时,并靠工作来获得财务安全以及至少一部分个人满足感、目的感和成就感以及社会关系。老员工在职场上也能够发挥大量作用,并学到很多东西。各大公司应前瞻性地留住和沟通这些依然愿意接受挑战的员工。这对于涉及的各方都是双赢的。确实,如果在合适的职场环境中,人们会感到更充实。既然自己已经变老了,那么为什么不选择适合自己的职场环境呢?(财富中文网)

珍妮特·马尔科夫是全球最大法律猎头公司Major, Lindsey & Africa纽约办事处的执行合伙人。她是公司合伙人执业组的成员,其安置的个人律师和律师团体横跨一系列执业领域。

Fortune.com上评论文章中表达的观点仅代表作者个人观点,并不代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

In 2007, I wrote an article making the case for law firms to reconsider their mandatory retirement policies. It was partly motivated by a case in which the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission sued a law firm because equity partners were de-equitized when they reached age 65. Mostly, however, it was inspired by my then 89-year-old father who didn’t hit his professional stride until he reached his mid-60s. He worked until he was forced to retire at 78, and in my eyes, he was sharper, more respected and more productive than he had ever been in his younger days.

As I near my 65th birthday later this year, I can’t help but look back on my life and see how I, too, am at an inflection point in my own career. I have been a legal search consultant for nearly 30 years with Major, Lindsey & Africa, the world’s largest legal search firm. I was recently tapped to become the office managing partner of our New York office, the largest of our 26 around the globe. As a consistently high producer in our organization, and given my expertise and profound care for my work family, I believe this appointment is perfectly timed—just when I’m hitting my professional stride.

Working longer

I’m not alone in such a sentiment. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that older Americans will account for 57% of the country’s labor-force growth in the coming decade. People are living longer, and thus working longer. But financial necessity isn’t the only factor keeping older employees in the workforce. The pandemic shook up the workforce and made people take a long hard look at their priorities. During that period, I heard from scores of senior legal professionals who began to re-evaluate the tenure of their next professional chapter. Granted, in part, this was based on the fear of losing income, as it appeared that the economy was coming to a standstill. Perhaps, though, upon reflection, it actually had more to do with the fear of losing purpose, engagement, and community in their professions.

Phyllis Korff, an energetic and ambitious senior partner at law firm Mayer Brown in New York, agrees. After an early career as an educator and stay-at-home mom, Phyllis decided to attend law school at 35, graduating from NYU School of Law and eventually becoming a partner at a powerhouse New York firm, where she worked for 33 years. During her tenure, the firm implemented a retirement policy that relegated partners at retirement age to an “of counsel” role. Since Phyllis had always enjoyed the process of winning new clients, she found the new title an obstacle to developing business, fearing that her clients would now view her as “having no skin in the game.” So, she made the move to her current firm and has happily been there for more than five years, continuing to develop and service a robust roster of clients, as well as mentoring and recruiting younger attorneys and playing an active role in community service.

In a similar vein, Mitch Guss has had a 30-year career as a General Counsel for a number of major global chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and life science companies. Most recently, he was the GC of Jubilant Pharma, a multinational pharmaceutical company, for eight years before deciding to retire in January 2024. However, early on in “post-retirement,” Mitch thought about General Douglas MacArthur’s final words in his address to the U.S. Congress in 1951—chiefly “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”—and realized he was not quite ready to “fade away.” Mitch’s desire to continue using his unique blend of business acumen—and his ability “to digest, think, and think again” about complex legal issues confronting corporations—remained as keen as ever. As of this writing, Mitch has decided to identify another GC position and is actively discussing new opportunities.

Retirement considerations

The decision about whether to retire—and whether you’re feeling burned out with the role you’re currently in, or with work more broadly—is not an easy one. However, as our workplace norms have undergone tremendous changes in the past five years and counting, it’s no longer a given that people will—or even want to—retire once they hit the somewhat arbitrary age of 65. As you near the traditional retirement age, there are several considerations worth thinking about to determine if you’re truly ready to leave the workforce, or just for the next challenge:

There’s no substitute for experience: With age comes wisdom that is often a rare commodity within an organization. Simply put, during a long career, you’ve had more opportunities than your younger colleagues to experience the greatest teacher of all: failure. That perspective may help the next generation avoid past mistakes, but also gives them a chance to benefit from your hard-won wisdom. And for you as an older, more seasoned professional, the effort to keep failure at bay is what ultimately leads to future success. Having experienced failure in the past, you’re probably more motivated, rather than discouraged, by the opportunity to turn headwinds into tailwinds.

Give retirement a test run by scaling back your hours or trying a new opportunity: If you are feeling dissatisfied, before throwing in the towel entirely, consider a different role in your organization or a consultancy arrangement. I’ve noticed this feeling more with women as they tend to do more juggling with home and work lives. As a result, I’ve actually seen more women look to join boards, especially in the nonprofit sector, to test whether they feel ready to retire entirely or merely seek a fresh way to use their talents. This can be a great middle ground as you take the time to fully consider an extremely important life question. Additionally, it might be helpful to hire a professional coach to think this question through.

Multigenerational mentorship: Of course, more senior professionals can mentor and train younger employees and prepare their company’s next generation of leadership. But, in turn, there’s also a lot that older professionals can learn from their younger colleagues to sharpen their own toolkit. In doing so, they can continue to gain the fulfillment and personal improvement that so many of us desire from our jobs. For instance, millennials tend to be more direct and effective in their workplace communications, which is a skill they can help their older counterparts hone. And there’s an indirect benefit you may be offering to the next generation by staying and thriving in the workforce: According to Yale University research, if you have positive perceptions about aging when you’re young, you’ll live on average 7.5 years longer than those who have negative feelings on the topic.

Multiple studies show that the more connections and engagement one has in life, the longer and healthier your life will be. Most of us have been working for 40-plus hours a week for much of our professional lives and rely on work for not only financial security, but also, at least in part, for personal fulfillment, a sense of purpose and accomplishment, and social connections. Older employees still have a lot to give and receive in the workforce. Companies should be proactive about keeping and engaging those workers who still feel up for the challenge. It’s a win-win for everyone involved. And indeed, if in the right professional environment you could feel better now that you are older, then why wouldn’t you choose that?

Janet Markoff is the Managing Partner of the New York office of Major, Lindsey & Africa, the world’s largest legal search firm. She is a member of the firm’s Partner Practice Group and has placed individual and groups of attorneys across a range of practice areas.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

0条Plus
精彩评论
评论

撰写或查看更多评论

请打开财富Plus APP

前往打开