The global boom in AI has turned an obscure 139-year-old Japanese company into a stock-market star.

Fujikura Ltd., which makes wire cabling for data centers, is the best performer on the Nikkei 225 Stock Average index, with its shares surging more than 400% this year. It will join the MSCI global standard indexes on Nov. 25 as the sole addition from Japan while eight other companies from the country will be removed.

The firm is a classic ‘picks and shovels’ investment as tech companies and utilities pour money into building out the necessary infrastructure to support AI. Construction of the data centers, electricity supplies and communications networks needed for AI will require at least $1 trillion of spending, according to an analysis by Bloomberg News. The rapid growth of the industry has surprised Fujikura itself.

“The demand for data centers has skyrocketed since around 2022,” said Kazuhito Iijima, Fujikura’s chief financial officer, in an interview. “We didn’t quite understand it that well at that time, but it became clear this year that it was all about AI.”

Fujikura, which counts Apple Inc. among its biggest customers, specializes in fiber optic cables. Its products have some of the smallest diameters in the industry, which allows them to be used in narrow spaces without the need for additional tunneling, according to Iijima.

The company boosted its operating income guidance earlier this month by 17% to ¥104 billion ($674 million) for the current fiscal year. It gets over 70% of its revenue overseas, with about 38% coming from the US. Global data center capacity is expected to rise at an average rate of 33% annually through 2030, according to McKinsey & Company.

“The area is still in the early stages of development,” said Kazuhiro Sasaki, head of research at Phillip Securities Japan. “The amount of data will increase as the scale of the system becomes larger and more data is added, so this field itself should continue to grow.”

The company traces its roots to 1885, when founder Zenpachi Fujikura started making wires insulated with silk and cotton. Over the centuries, it grew with the country’s industrialization, supplying cables for the burgeoning automotive industry, utilities and Japan’s bullet trains.

The current boom stands in stark contrast to 2020, when the company posted its first loss in more than a decade. The Covid pandemic and trade tensions between the US and China ate into Fujikura’s sales. With Donald Trump returning to the White House next year, the company is determined to avoid the threat of tariffs in its largest market. It has taken measure to comply with the Build America, Buy America Act, which requires that manufactured products and construction materials used in infrastructure projects are produced in the US.

“We have just completed setting up a production base, which is BABA-compliant, for ultra high-density optical fiber cables in the United States,” said Iijima. This will protect its business “even if new issues arise that are disadvantageous to imported materials,” he said.

The massive run-up in the shares has made the stock expensive. Fujikura is trading at a price-to-earnings ratio of about 29 while those of its peers such as [hotlink]Sumitomo Electric Industries[/hotlink] Ltd. and Furukawa Electric Co. are trading at 11.8 and 20 respectively. Analysts are bullish on the company with 10 buys, 3 holds and no sells. Still, some think its rivals will offer better returns.

“There should be more upside for Furukawa and Sumitomo Electric given the huge out-performance for Fujikura,” said Andrew Jackson, head of Japan equity strategy at Ortus Advisors Ptd Ltd.

After being surprised by the AI boom, the company says it has already identified the next big opportunity — nuclear fusion. The prospect of theoretically limitless clean-energy has won the backing of multiple billionaires, including Sam Altman, Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates. While the technology has not been proven to work for large scale production of electricity, if and when it does, there will be a need for cables and wires.

“We hope that this will become a pillar of the industry from 2030 onwards,” Iijima said.