职场4大致命“黑洞”

    无视别人

    糟糕的职场倾听者不在少数。许多人在开会和打电话的时候喋喋不休，根本没有考虑其他人的观点，或者根本注意不到他们的信息被当作了耳旁风。不要做这样的人。

    梅尔彻解释说：“之所以说这种做法有问题，是因为这是一种失衡的对话。别人会认为你没有自知之明。”

    此外，你应该认清公司内部的势力范围。不要对同事说某个人的坏话，因为你永远不知道每个人幕后效忠于谁。要清楚官方和非官方的组织结构，这样你才不会像哥们一样对老板说话，也不会像对待上司一样对待与自己同级的同事。

    《初为领导者》（First-Time Leader）一书的作者乔治•布拉特认为：“像对待同事一样对待老板是一种失礼的行为。而像对待下属一样对待同事同样如此。”例如，如果你领导的团队中，有人并不是你的直接下属，他们与你级别相同；你不能指望对他们指手画脚。相反，你要通过设定共同的目标，赢得他们的配合。

    布拉特建议：“如果有人向你介绍团队中的成员情况，要问一下这些人的上司是谁，也要问一下他们暗中向谁汇报工作。”例如，一家公司的新任总裁技术上负责营销与业务开发，可结果这家业务开发部门的负责人却是公司的联合创始人之一、同时也是另外一名创始人、公司首席执行官的好朋友。

    布拉特说：“如果你的下属中有一位是公司的创始人，那他就是你的老板！”

    不要浪费别人的时间，即便是用很不起眼的方式。如果你邀请别人进行一次社交会面，之前一定要充分调查一下对方和他的公司，针对会话内容制定一个议程，至少要打个腹稿。

    Being oblivious to others

    The workplace is filled with poor listeners. These people blather on during meetings and calls, failing to think of the other person's perspective or to pick up on cues that their messages are falling on deaf ears. Please don't be one of them.

    "The reason this is so problematic is that it's an imbalanced conversation," Melcher explains. "The other person is starting to conclude that you don't have any self-awareness."

    You should also be aware of the lines of power in your organization. Don't bad-mouth someone to a colleague because you never know who has behind-the-scenes loyalties. Be aware of the official -- and the unofficial -- organizational chart so you don't end up speaking to your boss like a buddy or to your peers like a supervisor.

    "Treating your boss like a peer is a faux pas. Treating a peer like a subordinate is a faux pas," says George Bradt, author of the forthcoming book First-Time Leader. For instance, if you're leading a team that includes people who aren't your direct reports, they are your peers; you can't expect to order them around. Rather, you need to win their cooperation by setting mutual goals.

    "When somebody tells you [the names of people on] your team, ask about who they report to, and ask about the shadow reporting," Bradt advises. For instance, one new company president was technically in charge of marketing and business development, but it turned out that the head of business development was a company founder and best friends with the chief executive, another founder.

    "You've got a guy working for you who started the company? He's your boss!" Bradt says.

    Don't waste people's time, even in small ways. If you ask for a networking meeting, arrive having researched the person and his organization. Have an agenda, even if it's just in your mind, to give the conversation structure.