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奥特曼解释与马斯克的夙怨:目标越接近越有分歧

奥特曼解释与马斯克的夙怨:目标越接近越有分歧

STEVE MOLLMAN 2023-12-06
他们经常在社交媒体和其他公共场合相互攻击。

埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)和OpenAI的山姆·奥特曼(Sam Altman)都曾批评过对方的大型语言模型。图片来源:左: NATHAN LAINE/BLOOMBERG - GETTY IMAGES. 右: JUSTIN SULLIVAN - GETTY IMAGES

山姆·奥特曼和埃隆·马斯克并非素不相识。OpenAI的首席执行官和特斯拉的首席执行官曾一起共进晚餐,也曾同台接受采访。他们在2015年合作创立了OpenAI,以对抗谷歌在人工智能领域的主导地位。

但如今,这两位科技界名人的关系并不融洽。他们经常在社交媒体和其他公共场合相互攻击。到底发生了什么?

显然,OpenAI的发展方向是导火索之一(见下文),但奥特曼在《纽约时报》周日的一篇文章中提出了另一个因素,有助于解释双方不和的原因。

他告诉该报:"存在分歧、不信任和自负。人们的目标方向越接近,就越容易有分歧。你可以在教派和宗教团体中发现这一点。最亲密的人之间也会发生激烈的争斗。"

2015年10月,埃隆·马斯克和山姆·奥特曼同台接受采访。图片来源:MICHAEL KOVAC/GETTY IMAGES FOR VANITY FAIR

2015年,奥特曼和马斯克在硅谷一家豪华牧场风格酒店——门洛帕克瑰丽酒店(Rosewood Sand Hill)共进晚餐时,似乎还在朝着同一个方向前进。当时,谷歌(Google)刚刚收购了总部位于伦敦的神经网络初创公司DeepMind,这使其成为最有可能开发出通用人工智能(AGI)的公司。通用人工智能是一种在面对不常见的任务时能够与人类匹敌的系统。

在晚宴上,两人和其他人讨论了成立一个透明、开源的人工智能实验室,并致力于让先进的人工智能惠及大众的相关事宜。马斯克和“PayPal黑手党”的其他几个成员——包括彼得·蒂尔(Peter Thiel)和雷德·霍夫曼(Reid Hoffman)——投资了数百万美元来启动这一实验室。

“这完全不是我的初衷”

OpenAI成立于2015年,但在一场权力斗争之后,马斯克在2018年与之分道扬镳。这家非营利组织需要资金和计算资源,于是求助于微软(Microsoft),后者从2019年开始承诺向其投资数十亿美元。奥特曼在这家非营利机构的基础上成立了一家以营利为目的的公司,这种非同寻常的架构导致他被短暂解雇,但上个月又被重新聘为首席执行官。

自从与OpenAI分道扬镳后,马斯克对奥特曼领导下的OpenAI的发展方向表示厌恶,尤其是在OpenAI接受了微软数十亿美元的投资之后。

今年早些时候,他发推文表示:“创建初始,Open AI是一家非营利性的开源(这也是我将其命名为"Open"AI的原因)机构,旨在制衡谷歌,但现在它变成了实际上由微软控制的闭源、追求利益最大化的公司。这完全不是我的初衷。”

马斯克长期以来一直在警告先进的人工智能对人类构成的潜在危险,但他也看到了开发安全人工智能的前景。上个月,他通过自己的初创公司xAI发布了一款人工智能聊天机器人Grok,对标OpenAI的ChatGPT,后者于去年年底发布,掀起了当前的人工智能热潮。

奥特曼很快就抨击了Grok,在X上说Grok"用婴儿潮一代那种尴尬的老掉牙的幽默方式回答问题(以震惊来引人发笑)"。

马斯克回击说,OpenAI的GPT-4——他称之为“GPT-Snore”——缺乏幽默感,称其“就像在潜艇上装纱门一样滑稽”。

在《与卡拉·斯威舍对话》(On With Kara Swisher)的播客节目中,奥特曼称马斯克是个"混蛋",不过他也承认马斯克在吸引顶尖人工智能人才加入OpenAI方面发挥了作用。马斯克在从谷歌招揽OpenAI首席科学家伊尔亚·苏茨克维(Ilya Sutskever)方面发挥了关键作用,上个月,苏茨克维和其他董事会成员一起解雇了奥特曼,但不久之后又反悔了。

这种夙怨可能部分源于马斯克的个性。多年来,他还与亚马逊(Amazon)创始人杰夫·贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)针锋相对,因为两人在太空雄心方面展开了竞争。他还断绝了与谷歌联合创始人拉里·佩奇(Larry Page)的友谊,佩奇表示,两人的不和很大程度上源于马斯克挖走了苏茨克维。

“我不想拥有他的风格。”奥特曼在斯威舍的播客节目中谈到马斯克时说。

但奥特曼也表示,马斯克“真的很关心通用人工智能的美好未来”,这或许可以追溯到他最近的评论,即“人们的目标方向越接近,就越容易有分歧”。

他们的激烈争斗还将持续多久,还有待观察。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

山姆·奥特曼和埃隆·马斯克并非素不相识。OpenAI的首席执行官和特斯拉的首席执行官曾一起共进晚餐,也曾同台接受采访。他们在2015年合作创立了OpenAI,以对抗谷歌在人工智能领域的主导地位。

但如今,这两位科技界名人的关系并不融洽。他们经常在社交媒体和其他公共场合相互攻击。到底发生了什么?

显然,OpenAI的发展方向是导火索之一(见下文),但奥特曼在《纽约时报》周日的一篇文章中提出了另一个因素,有助于解释双方不和的原因。

他告诉该报:"存在分歧、不信任和自负。人们的目标方向越接近,就越容易有分歧。你可以在教派和宗教团体中发现这一点。最亲密的人之间也会发生激烈的争斗。"

2015年,奥特曼和马斯克在硅谷一家豪华牧场风格酒店——门洛帕克瑰丽酒店(Rosewood Sand Hill)共进晚餐时,似乎还在朝着同一个方向前进。当时,谷歌(Google)刚刚收购了总部位于伦敦的神经网络初创公司DeepMind,这使其成为最有可能开发出通用人工智能(AGI)的公司。通用人工智能是一种在面对不常见的任务时能够与人类匹敌的系统。

在晚宴上,两人和其他人讨论了成立一个透明、开源的人工智能实验室,并致力于让先进的人工智能惠及大众的相关事宜。马斯克和“PayPal黑手党”的其他几个成员——包括彼得·蒂尔(Peter Thiel)和雷德·霍夫曼(Reid Hoffman)——投资了数百万美元来启动这一实验室。

“这完全不是我的初衷”

OpenAI成立于2015年,但在一场权力斗争之后,马斯克在2018年与之分道扬镳。这家非营利组织需要资金和计算资源,于是求助于微软(Microsoft),后者从2019年开始承诺向其投资数十亿美元。奥特曼在这家非营利机构的基础上成立了一家以营利为目的的公司,这种非同寻常的架构导致他被短暂解雇,但上个月又被重新聘为首席执行官。

自从与OpenAI分道扬镳后,马斯克对奥特曼领导下的OpenAI的发展方向表示厌恶,尤其是在OpenAI接受了微软数十亿美元的投资之后。

今年早些时候,他发推文表示:“创建初始,Open AI是一家非营利性的开源(这也是我将其命名为"Open"AI的原因)机构,旨在制衡谷歌,但现在它变成了实际上由微软控制的闭源、追求利益最大化的公司。这完全不是我的初衷。”

马斯克长期以来一直在警告先进的人工智能对人类构成的潜在危险,但他也看到了开发安全人工智能的前景。上个月,他通过自己的初创公司xAI发布了一款人工智能聊天机器人Grok,对标OpenAI的ChatGPT,后者于去年年底发布,掀起了当前的人工智能热潮。

奥特曼很快就抨击了Grok,在X上说Grok"用婴儿潮一代那种尴尬的老掉牙的幽默方式回答问题(以震惊来引人发笑)"。

马斯克回击说,OpenAI的GPT-4——他称之为“GPT-Snore”——缺乏幽默感,称其“就像在潜艇上装纱门一样滑稽”。

在《与卡拉·斯威舍对话》(On With Kara Swisher)的播客节目中,奥特曼称马斯克是个"混蛋",不过他也承认马斯克在吸引顶尖人工智能人才加入OpenAI方面发挥了作用。马斯克在从谷歌招揽OpenAI首席科学家伊尔亚·苏茨克维(Ilya Sutskever)方面发挥了关键作用,上个月,苏茨克维和其他董事会成员一起解雇了奥特曼,但不久之后又反悔了。

这种夙怨可能部分源于马斯克的个性。多年来,他还与亚马逊(Amazon)创始人杰夫·贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)针锋相对,因为两人在太空雄心方面展开了竞争。他还断绝了与谷歌联合创始人拉里·佩奇(Larry Page)的友谊,佩奇表示,两人的不和很大程度上源于马斯克挖走了苏茨克维。

“我不想拥有他的风格。”奥特曼在斯威舍的播客节目中谈到马斯克时说。

但奥特曼也表示,马斯克“真的很关心通用人工智能的美好未来”,这或许可以追溯到他最近的评论,即“人们的目标方向越接近,就越容易有分歧”。

他们的激烈争斗还将持续多久,还有待观察。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

Sam Altman and Elon Musk are hardly strangers. The CEOs of OpenAI and Tesla, respectively, have dined together and shared a stage. They worked together to launch OpenAI in 2015 to counter Google’s dominance in artificial intelligence.

But these days the tech luminaries are not on great terms. They’ve often swiped at each another on social media and in other public venues. So what happened?

Obviously the direction OpenAI has taken plays a role (see below), but Altman described another element to help explain the falling out in a Sunday New York Times article.

“There is disagreement, mistrust, egos,” he told the paper. “The closer people are to being pointed in the same direction, the more contentious the disagreements are. You see this in sects and religious orders. There are bitter fights between the closest people.”

Altman and Musk certainly seemed pointed in the same direction during a dinner in 2015 at the Rosewood Sand Hill, a luxurious ranch-style hotel in Silicon Valley. Google had just acquired DeepMind, a neural networking startup based in London, which made it the most likely company to develop artificial general intelligence, or AGI, a system that can match humans when faced with an unfamiliar task.

At the dinner, the two men, along with others gathered, discussed starting an AI lab that would be transparent, open-source, and dedicated to democratizing the benefits of advance artificial intelligence. Musk and a few other members of the “PayPal mafia”—including Peter Thiel and Reid Hoffman—invested millions to get the lab rolling.

‘Not what I intended at all’

OpenAI launched in 2015, but after a power struggle, Musk parted ways with it in 2018. The nonprofit, needing financial and computing resources, turned to Microsoft, which, starting in 2019, committed to investing billions into it. Altman formed for-profit company under the nonprofit, an unusual structure that contributed to him being briefly fired then rehired as CEO last month.

Since parting ways with OpenAI, Musk has expressed disgust with its direction under Altman, especially after OpenAI accepted billions in investments from Microsoft.

“OpenAI was created as an open source (which is why I named it ‘Open’ AI), non-profit company to serve as a counterweight to Google, but now it has become a closed source, maximum-profit company effectively controlled by Microsoft,” he tweeted earlier this year. “Not what I intended at all.”

Musk has long warned of the potential danger advanced AI poses to humanity, but he also sees its promise if developed safely. Via his startup xAI, last month he announced Grok, an AI chatbot to rival OpenAI’s ChatGPT, the release of which late last year kicked off the current AI boom.

Altman quickly roasted Grok, suggesting on X that it “answers questions with cringey boomer humor in a sort of awkward shock-to-get-laughs sort of way.”

Musk shot back that OpenAI’s GPT-4—which he dubbed “GPT-Snore”—lacks a sense of humor, calling it “about as funny as a screendoor on a submarine.”

Altman called Musk a “jerk” during the On With Kara Swisher podcast, though he acknowledged the role he played in attracting top AI talent to OpenAI. Musk was pivotal to recruiting from Google OpenAI chief scientist Ilya Sutskever, who joined other board members in firing Altman last month, only to backtrack soon after.

Part of feud may stem from Musk’s personality. He’s also traded barbs with Amazon founder Jeff Bezos for years as the two have competed in their space ambitions. And he broke off his friendship with Google cofounder Larry Page, a falling out that he said stemmed largely from Musk poaching Sutskever.

“He has a style that is not a style that I’d want to have for myself,” Altman said of Musk on the Swisher podcast.

But Altman also said that Musk “really does care about a good future with AGI,” which gets back, perhaps, to his more recent comments that “the closer people are to being pointed in the same direction, the more contentious the disagreements are.”

How long their bitter fight continues remains to be seen.

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