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印度大米禁令引发美国抢购潮

印度大米禁令引发美国抢购潮

BOBBY CAINA CALVAN,美联社 2023-08-01
有经济学家表示,印度的大米禁令可能进一步影响全球粮食供应。

印度限制大米出口产生了长时间的连锁反应。图片来源:GETTY IMAGES

印度宣布大幅减少大米出口,这在美国的印度裔社区引发了恐慌,他们担心可能很快买不到来自祖国的主食。消息传出后,上周,普拉巴·拉奥所在的一个WhatsApp群组内展开了热烈讨论。

与任何危机状况一样,例如瓶装水和厕纸危机,有人冲到超市抢购,购物车里装满了成袋的大米。在一些地区,抢购潮发生后,一些超市外排起了长队。

但对于住在纽约州锡拉丘兹附近的拉奥而言,她印度市场的老板给客户发了一封邮件,告知客户无须担心,大米供应充足,这打消了她的疑虑。

至少目前是这样。

比预期更早到来的厄尔尼诺现象,导致亚洲部分地区干旱加剧,气候变得更温暖,这预计会影响大米产量。但在印度部分地区,季风季尤其糟糕,洪水摧毁了一些庄稼,加剧了产量问题和物价上涨的影响。

为了减轻通胀压力对这种主食的影响,本月早些时候,印度政府对非印度香米实施出口禁令,在全球许多地区引发了囤米潮。

印度消费者事务、食品和公共分配部在7月20日宣布,此举是“为了保证充足的大米供应”和“降低国内市场的米价上涨幅度”。印度政府称,过去一年,米价上涨了超过11%,过去三个月上涨了3%。

非印度香米约占印度大米出口总量的四分之一。

拉奥表示:“在WhatsApp上,有许多信息说未来将买不到大米。我认为最初人们很困惑,因为众所周知,大米对我们很重要。”

她说道:“我们最初听到这则消息的时候,人们有些困惑,并开始抢购,因为他们认为未来可能买不到印度大米。”

大米有不同品种,人们对味道和口感有不同偏好。印度的出口禁令不涉及印度香米。印度香米是一种长粒米,比其他品种更香。

禁令适用于短粒米,这个品种的大米淀粉含量更高,有相对中性的香气。拉奥表示,某些印度菜或者在印度某些地区会首选使用这种大米,尤其是印度南部地区。

在纽约市曼哈顿咖喱山社区的一家食品杂货店Little India,香米和其他品种的大米并未缺货。

但其他印度食品杂货店的情况却截然不同。

达拉斯-福特沃斯地区的印度连锁食品杂货店India Bazaar在其Facebook页面上告诉客户不必抢购。帖子称:“我们正在竭尽全力满足所有购物者的需求。”

据NBC达拉斯附属电视台KXAS报道,顾客清空了货架,为了囤积大米排起了长龙。

India Bazaar总裁阿南德·帕巴里对该电视台表示:“人们都希望购买10袋、12袋、15袋大米。真得非常疯狂。”

在印度宣布大米出口禁令几天前,俄罗斯收回了允许乌克兰小麦安全通过黑海的协议,有人警告此举可能引发粮价暴涨。

有经济学家表示,印度的大米禁令可能进一步影响全球粮食供应,而且有些国家的政府已经呼吁印度政府重新考虑出口禁令。

至少在美国,尽管出现了抢购潮,但印度进口大米的供应可能尚未出现问题,然而长期禁令肯定会耗光库存。

拉奥表示,她和其他人将不得不做出改变,使用美国本土产的大米或从其他国家进口的大米。

她表示:“我可能不得不换成印度香米,但它在口感上略差,尤其是在烹饪印度南方菜肴时。”

在美国生活了三十年的拉奥表示,她习惯了即兴发挥。

她说道:“我们刚到美国的时候,还没有那么多从印度进口的大米。因此我学会了用其他大米取代,而且我能接受可以买到的其他品牌。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

印度宣布大幅减少大米出口,这在美国的印度裔社区引发了恐慌,他们担心可能很快买不到来自祖国的主食。消息传出后,上周,普拉巴·拉奥所在的一个WhatsApp群组内展开了热烈讨论。

与任何危机状况一样,例如瓶装水和厕纸危机,有人冲到超市抢购,购物车里装满了成袋的大米。在一些地区,抢购潮发生后,一些超市外排起了长队。

但对于住在纽约州锡拉丘兹附近的拉奥而言,她印度市场的老板给客户发了一封邮件,告知客户无须担心,大米供应充足,这打消了她的疑虑。

至少目前是这样。

比预期更早到来的厄尔尼诺现象,导致亚洲部分地区干旱加剧,气候变得更温暖,这预计会影响大米产量。但在印度部分地区,季风季尤其糟糕,洪水摧毁了一些庄稼,加剧了产量问题和物价上涨的影响。

为了减轻通胀压力对这种主食的影响,本月早些时候,印度政府对非印度香米实施出口禁令,在全球许多地区引发了囤米潮。

印度消费者事务、食品和公共分配部在7月20日宣布,此举是“为了保证充足的大米供应”和“降低国内市场的米价上涨幅度”。印度政府称,过去一年,米价上涨了超过11%,过去三个月上涨了3%。

非印度香米约占印度大米出口总量的四分之一。

拉奥表示:“在WhatsApp上,有许多信息说未来将买不到大米。我认为最初人们很困惑,因为众所周知,大米对我们很重要。”

她说道:“我们最初听到这则消息的时候,人们有些困惑,并开始抢购,因为他们认为未来可能买不到印度大米。”

大米有不同品种,人们对味道和口感有不同偏好。印度的出口禁令不涉及印度香米。印度香米是一种长粒米,比其他品种更香。

禁令适用于短粒米,这个品种的大米淀粉含量更高,有相对中性的香气。拉奥表示,某些印度菜或者在印度某些地区会首选使用这种大米,尤其是印度南部地区。

在纽约市曼哈顿咖喱山社区的一家食品杂货店Little India,香米和其他品种的大米并未缺货。

但其他印度食品杂货店的情况却截然不同。

达拉斯-福特沃斯地区的印度连锁食品杂货店India Bazaar在其Facebook页面上告诉客户不必抢购。帖子称:“我们正在竭尽全力满足所有购物者的需求。”

据NBC达拉斯附属电视台KXAS报道,顾客清空了货架,为了囤积大米排起了长龙。

India Bazaar总裁阿南德·帕巴里对该电视台表示:“人们都希望购买10袋、12袋、15袋大米。真得非常疯狂。”

在印度宣布大米出口禁令几天前,俄罗斯收回了允许乌克兰小麦安全通过黑海的协议,有人警告此举可能引发粮价暴涨。

有经济学家表示,印度的大米禁令可能进一步影响全球粮食供应,而且有些国家的政府已经呼吁印度政府重新考虑出口禁令。

至少在美国,尽管出现了抢购潮,但印度进口大米的供应可能尚未出现问题,然而长期禁令肯定会耗光库存。

拉奥表示,她和其他人将不得不做出改变,使用美国本土产的大米或从其他国家进口的大米。

她表示:“我可能不得不换成印度香米,但它在口感上略差,尤其是在烹饪印度南方菜肴时。”

在美国生活了三十年的拉奥表示,她习惯了即兴发挥。

她说道:“我们刚到美国的时候,还没有那么多从印度进口的大米。因此我学会了用其他大米取代,而且我能接受可以买到的其他品牌。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Chatter on one of Prabha Rao’s WhatsApp groups exploded last week when India announced that it was severely curtailing some rice exports to the rest of the world, triggering worry among the Indian diaspora in the United States that access to a food staple from home might soon be cut off.

As in any crisis situation — think bottled water and toilet paper— some rushed to supermarkets to stock up, stacking carts with bags and bags of rice. In some places, lines formed outside some stores as panic buying ensued.

But Rao, who lives near Syracuse, New York, was reassured when the proprietor of her Indian market sent out an email to customers to let them know there was no need to worry: There was an ample supply of rice.

At least for now.

An earlier than expected El Niño brought drier, warmer weather in some parts of Asia and is expected to harm rice production. But in some parts of India, where the monsoon season was especially brutal, flooding destroyed some crops, adding to production woes and rising prices.

Hoping to stave off inflationary pressures on a diet staple, the Indian government earlier this month imposed export bans on non-Basmati white rice varieties, prompting hoarding in some parts of the world.

The move was taken “to ensure adequate availability” and “to allay the rise in prices in the domestic market,” India’s Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution announced July 20. Over the past year, prices have increased by more than 11%, and by 3% over the past month, the government said.

Non-Basmati white rice constitutes about a fourth of the rice exported by India.

“On WhatsApp, I got a lot of messages saying that rice was not going to be available. I think there was a lot of confusion in the beginning because, as you know, rice is very important for us,” Rao said.

“When we first heard the news, there was just mild confusion and people started panic buying because they thought that it may not be available,” she said.

There are scores of different varieties of rice, with people having their preference depending on taste and texture. India’s export ban does not apply to Basmati rice, a long-grain variety that is more aromatic.

The ban applies to short-grain rice that is starchier and has a relatively neutral flavor — which Rao says is preferable in some dishes or favored in specific regions of India, especially in southern areas of the country.

At Little India, a grocery store in New York City’s Curry Hill neighborhood in Manhattan, there was no shortage of Basmati rice and other varieties.

That wasn’t the case at other Indian groceries.

On its Facebook page, India Bazaar, an Indian grocery chain in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, told customers not to panic. “We are working hard to meet all our shoppers’ demands,” the post said.

Customers cleared shelves and waited in long lines to stockpile bags of rice, reported NBC Dallas affiliate KXAS.

“They really wanted to purchase ten, 12, 15 bags,” India Bazaar’s president, Anand Pabari, told the station. “It was a really crazy situation.”

India’s move came days after Russia backed out of a deal to allow Ukrainian wheat safe passage through the Black Sea, prompting warnings that the action could lead to surging prices.

Some economists say the ban might further hurt food supplies around the world, and some governments have urged the Indian government to reconsider the export ban.

At least in the United States, the supply of imported rice from India may not yet be a problem — despite the panic buying — but a long-term ban would certainly deplete that stock.

Roa says she and others will just have to adapt by purchasing rice grown in the United States or imported from other countries.

“I might have to substitute Basmati rice,” she said, “but it doesn’t taste that good, especially with South Indian dishes.”

A U.S. resident for three decades, Rao said she is accustomed to improvising.

“When we first came here, there was not even that much rice from India,” she said. “So I’ve learned to substitute, and I’m fine with the other brands that we get.”

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