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全球亿万富翁大缩水

全球亿万富翁大缩水

CHLOE BERGER 2023-06-17
今年这一人群的财富累计缩水11.1万亿美元,降幅达到5.5%

美国亿万富翁人数仍高居全球第一,但他们的人数和财富却有所缩水。图片来源:FG TRADE—GETTY IMAGES

亿万富翁都喜欢把家安在哪里呢?提起亿万富翁的家宅,人们往往想到的是大别墅、私家吧台和富翁们自己几乎从来不用的豪华电器。不过至于这些别墅建在哪里,就要随富翁本人的心情了。数据情报公司Altrata就在最近的“亿万富翁普查”中研究了全球亿万富翁的家宅,结果发现,四分之三的亿万富翁都集中在全球15个国家里。

不过值得注意的是,其中11个国家的亿万富翁人数变少了。有的可能是搬到了另一个国家,有的则是因为资产缩水至10亿美元之下,因而不再计入我们的统计范围。数据显示,今年全球亿万富翁人口总数下降了3.5%,财富累计缩水11.1万亿美元,降幅达到5.5%。而在疫情刚爆发的头两年里,不少亿万富翁的财富还经历了一轮激增。

首先,美国拥有全球最多的亿万富翁——955人(占全球亿万富翁总数的30%),他们的总财富达到4.2万亿美元(占全球亿万富翁总财富的38%)。尽管仍然高居榜首,但美国的亿万富翁人数下降了2.1%,虽然降幅低于全球平均水平,但仍高于这15个国家中的8个。

中国的亿万富翁人数跌幅达到了10%,超过了任何一个国家。该报告认为,这主要是由“股市下跌、疫情防控、房地产低迷和经济不振导致的”。虽然中国亿万富翁的人数与美国的差距越来越大,但它仍排在这张榜单的第二名。

排在第三名的德国是亿万富翁人数最多的欧洲国家。尽管受到俄乌冲突影响,德国的亿万富翁的总财富下降了8%,但从人数上看却只是略有下滑。排名第四的是英国,但英国的亿万富翁人数也有所下降。

排名第五的印度也是如此。在这张榜单上,几乎所有国家的亿万富翁人数都在下降,只有俄罗斯和新加坡是例外,这两个国家的亿万富翁人数分别上涨了4.7%和8%。正如《福布斯》的一则报道指出的那样,虽然俄乌战争在其他国家引起了不小的连锁反应,但俄罗斯的富豪们却似乎已经走出了制裁的困境。

虽然很多国家的亿万富翁人数在减少,但是在阿联酋、沙特和巴西等国,亿万富翁们的实际财富却在增加。该报告指出:“由于全球资本市场普遍低迷,这说明了在个人和国家层面,亿万富翁的财富都是具有一定的多样性的,而且地缘政治对不同的财富市场的影响也是非常不均衡的。”

亿万富翁这种身份的存在,本身就说明了全球收入的不均衡。根据2021年的亿万富翁普查数据,当年美国的亿万富翁人数出现了10年来的首次增长,随后趋于稳定。但是亿万富翁的财富垄断无论在美国还是在全球都是一个大问题。坚持对富人增税的高净值个人团体“百万富翁爱国者”(Patriotic Millionaires)的税务律师和税收政策高级顾问鲍勃·劳德对《财富》表示,宽松的税收政策让亿万富翁们不仅在人数上越来越多,他们的财富也像滚雪球一样越来越多。《纽约时报》也指出,40年前美国只有13位亿万富翁,但是现在,以沃伦·巴菲特和查尔斯·科赫为代表的巨富群体拥有的现金储备甚至超过了美国财政部。

随着世界逐步走出新冠疫情,亿万富翁们的敛财速度也会有所放缓,但他们的日子仍然过得相当滋润。下面我们就来看看哪些国家拥有最多的亿万富翁,以及各国所拥有的亿万富翁人数:

1、美国:955

2、中国:357

3、德国:173

4、英国:114

5、印度:113

6、(并列)俄罗斯:112

6、(并列)中国香港:112

8、瑞士:110

9、沙特阿拉伯:71

10、意大利:67

11、法国:65

12、加拿大:56

13、新加坡:54

14、巴西:48

15、阿联酋:45(财富中文网)

译者:朴成奎

亿万富翁都喜欢把家安在哪里呢?提起亿万富翁的家宅,人们往往想到的是大别墅、私家吧台和富翁们自己几乎从来不用的豪华电器。不过至于这些别墅建在哪里,就要随富翁本人的心情了。数据情报公司Altrata就在最近的“亿万富翁普查”中研究了全球亿万富翁的家宅,结果发现,四分之三的亿万富翁都集中在全球15个国家里。

不过值得注意的是,其中11个国家的亿万富翁人数变少了。有的可能是搬到了另一个国家,有的则是因为资产缩水至10亿美元之下,因而不再计入我们的统计范围。数据显示,今年全球亿万富翁人口总数下降了3.5%,财富累计缩水11.1万亿美元,降幅达到5.5%。而在疫情刚爆发的头两年里,不少亿万富翁的财富还经历了一轮激增。

首先,美国拥有全球最多的亿万富翁——955人(占全球亿万富翁总数的30%),他们的总财富达到4.2万亿美元(占全球亿万富翁总财富的38%)。尽管仍然高居榜首,但美国的亿万富翁人数下降了2.1%,虽然降幅低于全球平均水平,但仍高于这15个国家中的8个。

中国的亿万富翁人数跌幅达到了10%,超过了任何一个国家。该报告认为,这主要是由“股市下跌、疫情防控、房地产低迷和经济不振导致的”。虽然中国亿万富翁的人数与美国的差距越来越大,但它仍排在这张榜单的第二名。

排在第三名的德国是亿万富翁人数最多的欧洲国家。尽管受到俄乌冲突影响,德国的亿万富翁的总财富下降了8%,但从人数上看却只是略有下滑。排名第四的是英国,但英国的亿万富翁人数也有所下降。

排名第五的印度也是如此。在这张榜单上,几乎所有国家的亿万富翁人数都在下降,只有俄罗斯和新加坡是例外,这两个国家的亿万富翁人数分别上涨了4.7%和8%。正如《福布斯》的一则报道指出的那样,虽然俄乌战争在其他国家引起了不小的连锁反应,但俄罗斯的富豪们却似乎已经走出了制裁的困境。

虽然很多国家的亿万富翁人数在减少,但是在阿联酋、沙特和巴西等国,亿万富翁们的实际财富却在增加。该报告指出:“由于全球资本市场普遍低迷,这说明了在个人和国家层面,亿万富翁的财富都是具有一定的多样性的,而且地缘政治对不同的财富市场的影响也是非常不均衡的。”

亿万富翁这种身份的存在,本身就说明了全球收入的不均衡。根据2021年的亿万富翁普查数据,当年美国的亿万富翁人数出现了10年来的首次增长,随后趋于稳定。但是亿万富翁的财富垄断无论在美国还是在全球都是一个大问题。坚持对富人增税的高净值个人团体“百万富翁爱国者”(Patriotic Millionaires)的税务律师和税收政策高级顾问鲍勃·劳德对《财富》表示,宽松的税收政策让亿万富翁们不仅在人数上越来越多,他们的财富也像滚雪球一样越来越多。《纽约时报》也指出,40年前美国只有13位亿万富翁,但是现在,以沃伦·巴菲特和查尔斯·科赫为代表的巨富群体拥有的现金储备甚至超过了美国财政部。

随着世界逐步走出新冠疫情,亿万富翁们的敛财速度也会有所放缓,但他们的日子仍然过得相当滋润。下面我们就来看看哪些国家拥有最多的亿万富翁,以及各国所拥有的亿万富翁人数:

1、美国:955

2、中国:357

3、德国:173

4、英国:114

5、印度:113

6、(并列)俄罗斯:112

6、(并列)中国香港:112

8、瑞士:110

9、沙特阿拉伯:71

10、意大利:67

11、法国:65

12、加拿大:56

13、新加坡:54

14、巴西:48

15、阿联酋:45(财富中文网)

译者:朴成奎

The U.S. has more billionaires than any other country, but their population and wealth are dwindling.

Where does a billionaire like to call home? For many, it’s probably a nondescript multimillion villa with sleek marble counters and hidden appliances they never use. But where that mansion is located depends on the billionaire. In its latest Billionaire Census, data intelligence company Altrata looked at Wealth-X’s database of ultrawealthy individuals to examine the state of the world’s billionaire class today. Its research found that three-quarters of the cohort are concentrated across 15 countries.

Yet 11 of these countries are losing their billionaires. It’s likely that some are on the move to another country, while others are falling out of the 10-figure club altogether. The billionaire population has declined overall by 3.5%, the report found, losing a cumulative $11.1 trillion in wealth—a 5.5% drop. That comes after billionaires experienced a surge in wealth during the first couple years of the pandemic.

The United States is home to the most billionaires—955 (30% of the global billionaire population), worth a collective $4.2 trillion (38% of total billionaire wealth worldwide). Despite being the top dog, the U.S. saw a 2.1% decline in billionaires—less than the global average, but higher than eight of the top 15 countries.

That’s not as big as drop as China’s 10% drop, the largest of any country on the list. The report attributes the decline to “sliding equities, COVID lockdowns, real estate strains, and a subdued economy.” It’s significant enough that it’s widened the wealth gap between the country and the U.S., but China still ranks second on the list.

Meanwhile, Germany (number three) was the European country that fared best by billionaire standards. Despite the impact from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the country still only experienced a slightest fall in its billionaire population, though those billionaires experienced a near 8% decrease in cumulative wealth. The country still has the largest population of billionaires in all of Europe, ranking third on the list, followed by the U.K., which also saw its billionaire population drop.

So, too, did India, which ranks fifth. It seems as if billionaires are dropping like golden flies in every country except for Russia and Singapore, both of which saw an increase in billionaires by 4.7% and 8%, respectively. While Russia’s invasion caused ripples in other countries, magnets in the country seem to have rebounded from imposed sanctions, as Forbes reports.

But despite many countries experiencing a decline in billionaires, the actual wealth of billionaires increased in some countries like UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Brazil. “Given a broad downturn in global capital markets, this illustrates the diversity of billionaires’ wealth holdings at an individual and country level, and the very uneven impact of geopolitical events on different wealth markets,” the report reads.

The existence of billionaires in general speaks volumes to global income inequality. In the U.S., it increased for the first time in 10 years, according to Census data from 2021. It’s since plateaued a bit, but still remains a large issue both in the U.S. and across the world. Lenient taxes make it so that billionaires profit and proliferate, explains Bob Lord, a tax lawyer and senior advisor regarding tax policy for the Patriotic Millionaires, a group of high-net-worth individuals pushing for greater taxes on the wealthy, for Fortune: Only 40 years ago, there were just 13 billionaires in the U.S. Now, many billionaires ranging from Warren Buffett to Charles Koch are worth more than the cash balance in the Treasury Department, points out the New York Times.

So even if the pandemic heights of their wealth might slowly be falling, billionaires are still doing just fine. Here are the countries with the most billionaires, and how many billionaires they actually have:

1. United States: 955

2. China: 357

3. Germany: 173

4. United Kingdom: 114

5. India: 113

6 (TIE). Russia: 112

6 (TIE). Hong Kong: 112

8. Switzerland: 110

9. Saudi Arabia: 71

10. Italy: 67

11. France: 65

12. Canada: 56

13. Singapore: 54

14. Brazil: 48

15. United Arab Emirates: 45

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