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星巴克抛弃它曾经引以为傲的企业文化

星巴克抛弃它曾经引以为傲的企业文化

Aron Solomon 2022-08-18
在员工报告某些店面存在吸毒现象后,再次回归星巴克担任首席执行官的霍华德·舒尔茨关闭了美国的16家星巴克店面。

图片来源:LEIGH VOGEL—GETTY IMAGES/THE NEW YORK TIMES

就在四个月前,我刚写过一篇关于星巴克(Starbucks)未来不确定性的评论文章。说实话,我真没有想到这些事情会在这么短的时间内发生,而且还是祸起萧墙。

可以想象的是,霍华德·舒尔茨将以忠诚守护者的身份重返公司,施展其一贯的拿手好戏:成为一位受人爱戴的领导者,而且拥有出众的交际能力。

然而,在7月中旬致员工的信中,临时首席执行官舒尔茨描绘了其有关公司未来的大胆愿景。不过,这幅星巴克重构蓝图还涉及关闭部分店面。上周,星巴克员工街头抗议的视频在网上疯传,给这家公司的声誉带来了巨大冲击。

尽管星巴克称,关闭这些店面是出于安全和安保因素,但现实却是:星巴克陷入了一场不得不奉陪到底的斗争,而对象则是新兴的、韧劲十足的雇员工会化运动。

星巴克所讲的这个故事则与员工安全有关。《华尔街日报》(Wall Street Journal)报道称,对于员工上报的顾客和大众在卫生间吸毒一事,星巴克已经在采取行动。一开始,星巴克通知员工,他们可以拒绝顾客进入洗手间,或出于安全考虑缩短这些门店的经营时长。

就在舒尔茨描述未来蓝图的同一周,星巴克宣布了本月即将关闭16家店面,包括西雅图和洛杉矶地区各6家店面、波特兰市的2家店面,以及华盛顿和费城各1家店面。这些店面并非不盈利,但星巴克明确表示,闭店举措并没有结束。

在评论家看来,星巴克的立场令人感到十分疑惑。尽管职场安全应该作为公司的关注重点,但多年来,很多生意并不好的星巴克店面对员工来说并非特别安全。然而新情况在于,其中一些店面结为团体,而且工会运动也是势如燎原。

当这些关键城市成为星巴克工会运动的部分基石时,要杜撰一篇新故事并非难事。在这些店面中,有两家将于近期关闭的店面投票决定加入工会。与此同时,在纽约州古香古色的伊萨卡岛大学城,星巴克工会称,关闭店面是为了报复雇员的工会化运动。

正如工伤律师查理·卡特赖特所说:“职场安全至关重要,应该成为企业围绕有风险员工制定决策时的基石。与此同时,打击工会的形式是多种多样的,包括关闭员工选择成立工会组织的营业场所。”

在评价该运动时,我们还应该审视过去数月中星巴克发生的劳动纠纷总数。这些问题包括,从抱怨公司威胁停止性别确认医保福利,一直到美国国家劳资关系委员会(NLRB)不得不敦促星巴克再次启用三名因为工会会员身份而获得不公平劳动待遇的菲尼克斯员工。这些原本星巴克与雇员之间的小打小闹如今已经升级为全面战争。

为走出这一困境,星巴克需要标志性的2010年《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)采访中那位深思熟虑的霍华德·舒尔茨。当被问及自己2008年回归公司遇到的最大挑战这一问题时,舒尔茨分享了一个颇具预见性的看法:“这个挑战就是如何保护和提升我们作为一家公司所拥有的唯一资产的完整性,这些资产包括我们的价值、我们的文化和指导原则,以及对于员工的高度信任。”

如今,这一点成为了星巴克最大的败笔。星巴克雇员和管理层之间信任的完全缺失让舒尔茨最喜爱术语“合作伙伴”的意义化为乌有。星巴克庞大的公关机构都使用这一名称来称呼其员工。

即便星巴克最终通过关闭店面以及各种工会打压手段获得胜利,但最终的输家依然是星巴克。星巴克文化已经到了无药可救的地步,而且对很多员工来说,最大的讽刺在于,如今负责修复这一关系的人正是此前这一关系的破坏者。

对于那些已经密切关注公司数年的人而言,这是美国商业历史上最惨痛的机遇错失案例之一。文化打造确实是相当困难,但在打造自身品牌时,星巴克发现了多种用于培养公司文化的方式。

类似的星巴克故事在今天看来十分空洞,但它却曾经是其根基的一部分。员工有能力通过努力而升职,继而将最初的兼职工作变为终身职业,是美国新移民的梦想之一。星巴克向员工抛出了免费获取学士学位的机会,其所图的确不小。

最近,星巴克却未能忍住搬起石头砸自己的脚。今后,所有这一切都将成为商学院的教学案例,然而在眼下,这对星巴克雇员来说就是一杯难以下咽的苦水。

在接受《哈佛商业评论》采访时,舒尔茨分享了其个人和职业观点,他希望这些观点能够帮助星巴克避免如今所面临的类似局势:

“我们在做出这些必要决定时都感到非常痛苦,但我们总得在某一个时间以领导者的身份直面整个公司,然后以几乎忏悔的口吻说道,领导层让18万星巴克员工及其家人失望了。”

对于以舒尔茨为首的星巴克,这将是一个绝佳的办法。公司与员工之间永远没有必要形成这种复杂的对立关系。(财富中文网)

阿伦·所罗门是一位法学博士,也是Esquire Digital的首席法律分析师、Today’s Esquire的编辑以及普利策奖(Pulitzer Prize)的提名作家。他曾经在麦吉尔大学(McGill University)和宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)教授创业学,并入选Fastcase 50,成为全球50位法律领军创新人士之一。

Fortune.com上评论文章中表达的观点仅代表作者个人观点,并不代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

就在四个月前,我刚写过一篇关于星巴克(Starbucks)未来不确定性的评论文章。说实话,我真没有想到这些事情会在这么短的时间内发生,而且还是祸起萧墙。

可以想象的是,霍华德·舒尔茨将以忠诚守护者的身份重返公司,施展其一贯的拿手好戏:成为一位受人爱戴的领导者,而且拥有出众的交际能力。

然而,在7月中旬致员工的信中,临时首席执行官舒尔茨描绘了其有关公司未来的大胆愿景。不过,这幅星巴克重构蓝图还涉及关闭部分店面。上周,星巴克员工街头抗议的视频在网上疯传,给这家公司的声誉带来了巨大冲击。

尽管星巴克称,关闭这些店面是出于安全和安保因素,但现实却是:星巴克陷入了一场不得不奉陪到底的斗争,而对象则是新兴的、韧劲十足的雇员工会化运动。

星巴克所讲的这个故事则与员工安全有关。《华尔街日报》(Wall Street Journal)报道称,对于员工上报的顾客和大众在卫生间吸毒一事,星巴克已经在采取行动。一开始,星巴克通知员工,他们可以拒绝顾客进入洗手间,或出于安全考虑缩短这些门店的经营时长。

就在舒尔茨描述未来蓝图的同一周,星巴克宣布了本月即将关闭16家店面,包括西雅图和洛杉矶地区各6家店面、波特兰市的2家店面,以及华盛顿和费城各1家店面。这些店面并非不盈利,但星巴克明确表示,闭店举措并没有结束。

在评论家看来,星巴克的立场令人感到十分疑惑。尽管职场安全应该作为公司的关注重点,但多年来,很多生意并不好的星巴克店面对员工来说并非特别安全。然而新情况在于,其中一些店面结为团体,而且工会运动也是势如燎原。

当这些关键城市成为星巴克工会运动的部分基石时,要杜撰一篇新故事并非难事。在这些店面中,有两家将于近期关闭的店面投票决定加入工会。与此同时,在纽约州古香古色的伊萨卡岛大学城,星巴克工会称,关闭店面是为了报复雇员的工会化运动。

正如工伤律师查理·卡特赖特所说:“职场安全至关重要,应该成为企业围绕有风险员工制定决策时的基石。与此同时,打击工会的形式是多种多样的,包括关闭员工选择成立工会组织的营业场所。”

在评价该运动时,我们还应该审视过去数月中星巴克发生的劳动纠纷总数。这些问题包括,从抱怨公司威胁停止性别确认医保福利,一直到美国国家劳资关系委员会(NLRB)不得不敦促星巴克再次启用三名因为工会会员身份而获得不公平劳动待遇的菲尼克斯员工。这些原本星巴克与雇员之间的小打小闹如今已经升级为全面战争。

为走出这一困境,星巴克需要标志性的2010年《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)采访中那位深思熟虑的霍华德·舒尔茨。当被问及自己2008年回归公司遇到的最大挑战这一问题时,舒尔茨分享了一个颇具预见性的看法:“这个挑战就是如何保护和提升我们作为一家公司所拥有的唯一资产的完整性,这些资产包括我们的价值、我们的文化和指导原则,以及对于员工的高度信任。”

如今,这一点成为了星巴克最大的败笔。星巴克雇员和管理层之间信任的完全缺失让舒尔茨最喜爱术语“合作伙伴”的意义化为乌有。星巴克庞大的公关机构都使用这一名称来称呼其员工。

即便星巴克最终通过关闭店面以及各种工会打压手段获得胜利,但最终的输家依然是星巴克。星巴克文化已经到了无药可救的地步,而且对很多员工来说,最大的讽刺在于,如今负责修复这一关系的人正是此前这一关系的破坏者。

对于那些已经密切关注公司数年的人而言,这是美国商业历史上最惨痛的机遇错失案例之一。文化打造确实是相当困难,但在打造自身品牌时,星巴克发现了多种用于培养公司文化的方式。

类似的星巴克故事在今天看来十分空洞,但它却曾经是其根基的一部分。员工有能力通过努力而升职,继而将最初的兼职工作变为终身职业,是美国新移民的梦想之一。星巴克向员工抛出了免费获取学士学位的机会,其所图的确不小。

最近,星巴克却未能忍住搬起石头砸自己的脚。今后,所有这一切都将成为商学院的教学案例,然而在眼下,这对星巴克雇员来说就是一杯难以下咽的苦水。

在接受《哈佛商业评论》采访时,舒尔茨分享了其个人和职业观点,他希望这些观点能够帮助星巴克避免如今所面临的类似局势:

“我们在做出这些必要决定时都感到非常痛苦,但我们总得在某一个时间以领导者的身份直面整个公司,然后以几乎忏悔的口吻说道,领导层让18万星巴克员工及其家人失望了。”

对于以舒尔茨为首的星巴克,这将是一个绝佳的办法。公司与员工之间永远没有必要形成这种复杂的对立关系。(财富中文网)

阿伦·所罗门是一位法学博士,也是Esquire Digital的首席法律分析师、Today’s Esquire的编辑以及普利策奖(Pulitzer Prize)的提名作家。他曾经在麦吉尔大学(McGill University)和宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)教授创业学,并入选Fastcase 50,成为全球50位法律领军创新人士之一。

Fortune.com上评论文章中表达的观点仅代表作者个人观点,并不代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

When, four short months ago, I wrote an op-ed about the uncertain future of Starbucks, I honestly would not have predicted that things would implode this quickly.

I imagined that Howard Schultz would return to the company as a faithful caretaker who would do what he historically did best: be a likable leader with a fantastic ability to relate to people.

However, in a mid-July letter to employees, interim CEO Howard Schultz set forth his bold vision of the future. Part of his plan for Starbucks to re-imagine its business is to close locations. Last week, videos of employee walkouts went viral–a massive blow to the company’s reputation.

While Starbucks claims that stores are being closed for safety and security reasons, there is another reality at play: The company is locked in a fight to the finish with a surprisingly resilient nascent employee union movement.

The narrative being woven by Starbucks is one of employee safety. As The Wall Street Journal reported, Starbucks was responding to employee reports of drug use in bathrooms by customers and the general public. Initially, Starbucks informed workers that they could deny bathroom access or reduce store operations for safety in these locations.

The same week that Schultz proclaimed the future, Starbucks announced that 16 locations would be shuttered this month. The company is closing six locations in Seattle, another six in Los Angeles, two in Portland, and one each in Washington and Philadelphia. These stores were not unprofitable–and Starbucks has made it clear that this won’t be the end of the closures.

To a critical eye, Starbucks’ positioning is difficult to believe. While workplace safety needs to always be front of mind, many less-than-deal Starbucks locations haven’t been entirely safe for employees for years. What is new is the intersection of some of these locations and a burgeoning union movement.

It’s a little too convenient to craft a new narrative when these very cities are forming part of the foundation of the Starbucks unionization movement. Two of the stores that will be closing recently voted to unionize. At the same time, in the quaint college town of Ithaca, NY, the Starbucks union claims a store is being closed in retaliation for employees voting to unionize.

As Charlie Cartwright, a lawyer who represents employees injured in the workplace, puts it: “Workplace safety is critically important and should drive corporate decision-making where employees are at risk. At the same time, union-busting takes various forms, including closing business locations where employees have chosen to unionize.”

This also needs to be viewed within the totality of the labor battles at Starbucks over the past few months. Issues range from a complaint alleging that the company threatened to stop gender-affirming health benefits to the NLRB having to urge Starbucks to reinstate three Phoenix workers subjected to unfair labor practices relating to union membership. What started as a series of small battles between Starbucks and employees has escalated into a full-scale war.

To navigate these troubled waters, Starbucks needs the reflective Howard Schultz of this iconic 2010 Harvard Business Review interview. Asked what the most significant challenge he faced after returning to the helm in 2008, Schultz shared this prescient view: “The challenge was how to preserve and enhance the integrity of the only assets we have as a company: our values, our culture and guiding principles, and the reservoir of trust with our people.”

Today, this is Starbucks’ greatest failure. The complete absence of trust between Starbucks employees and management has taken all meaning out of one of Schultz’s most beloved terms: “partners.” That’s what Starbucks’s massive PR machine calls their workers.

Even if Starbucks eventually “wins” by shuttering locations and using every union-busting technique, the company will ultimately lose. The Starbucks culture is irrevocably broken–and for many workers, the greatest irony is that the person in charge of fixing it today is the one who actually broke it.

For those who have watched the company closely for years, this is one of the most incredible failed opportunities in American business history. Culture-building is unbelievably hard, but in building the brand, Starbucks had found ways to build the culture.

The same Starbucks stories that are hollow today were once part of its foundation. The ability for their employees to work their way up the ranks of the business to transform what might have started as a part-time job into a career was part of the neo-American dream. Throw in the opportunity to earn a degree, and Starbucks was on to something.

Until they couldn’t help getting in their own way. One day all of this will be required reading in business schools–but today, it’s a cold brew for Starbucks employees to swallow.

In his HBR interview, Schultz shared a personal and professional revelation he hoped would allow Starbucks to avoid the kind of situation it faces today:

“The decisions we had to make were very difficult, but first there had to be a time when we stood up in front of the entire company as leaders and made almost a confession–that the leadership had failed the 180,000 Starbucks people and their families.”

This would be an excellent idea for the latest incarnation of a Schultz-led Starbucks to re-visit. There never needed to be such a profoundly adversarial relationship between the company and its workers.

Aron Solomon, JD, is the chief legal analyst for Esquire Digital, the editor of Today’s Esquire, and a Pulitzer Prize-nominated writer. He has taught entrepreneurship at McGill University and the University of Pennsylvania and was elected to Fastcase 50, recognizing the top 50 legal innovators in the world.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

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