最新研究发现，儿童感染新冠病毒后易患重病
美国卫生官员上周四发布的一份最新报告称，曾感染新冠的儿童和青少年患血栓、心脏疾病、肾衰竭和1型糖尿病的风险更高。
美国疾病预防控制中心（U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention）的研究人员检查了2020年至2022年曾感染新冠的近80万名0至17岁美国儿童的电子病历，并与在同一时期内未确诊新冠的近250万名儿童的病历进行了比对。
研究人员发现，被确诊感染新冠的青少年在染病后一年内肺部出现血栓的可能性大约是其他儿童的两倍，患心肌炎、心肌病（导致心脏更难维持正常功能）或静脉血栓的几率是其他儿童的近两倍。
研究还发现，他们患肾衰竭和1型糖尿病的几率是其他儿童的约1.3倍。1型糖尿病是一种自身免疫性疾病，会破坏胰脏产生胰岛素的能力。
后新冠症状是指在感染新冠后4周或更长时间内新出现或反复出现的健康问题，又称“长期新冠”，我们对它依旧缺乏理解。为了解释后新冠症状或者同时出现的多种症状，各方做了许多努力。但疾控中心称，这类研究主要关注的是成年人，而不是儿童。
新冠预防策略，包括接种疫苗等，是预防感染新冠、后新冠症状以及多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）等新冠相关疾病的关键。多系统炎症综合征患者感染新冠后如果出现症状会完全康复，并且在4至12周内身体状态良好，之后却会出现一种罕见的、可能致命的炎症疾病。
美国官方最近公布的数据称，美国每5名新冠患者中，就有一名患有长期新冠。预计有100万美国人因为这类新症状所导致的医疗并发症，而不得不离开劳动力队伍。
华盛顿特区国立儿童医院（ Children’s National Hospital ）传染病学专家亚历山大·布鲁格勒·杨茨在5月告诉《财富》杂志，预计有5%至10%的儿童新冠患者患有长期新冠。
她表示：“人们的想法是：‘只有5%而已，但要知道死亡率为1%，因此这依旧是一个严重的问题。’”
她补充道，在这个区间中，5%是真正患有长期新冠的儿童，我们目前仍在努力推算这个数字的意义。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
美国卫生官员上周四发布的一份最新报告称，曾感染新冠的儿童和青少年患血栓、心脏疾病、肾衰竭和1型糖尿病的风险更高。
美国疾病预防控制中心（U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention）的研究人员检查了2020年至2022年曾感染新冠的近80万名0至17岁美国儿童的电子病历，并与在同一时期内未确诊新冠的近250万名儿童的病历进行了比对。
研究人员发现，被确诊感染新冠的青少年在染病后一年内肺部出现血栓的可能性大约是其他儿童的两倍，患心肌炎、心肌病（导致心脏更难维持正常功能）或静脉血栓的几率是其他儿童的近两倍。
研究还发现，他们患肾衰竭和1型糖尿病的几率是其他儿童的约1.3倍。1型糖尿病是一种自身免疫性疾病，会破坏胰脏产生胰岛素的能力。
后新冠症状是指在感染新冠后4周或更长时间内新出现或反复出现的健康问题，又称“长期新冠”，我们对它依旧缺乏理解。为了解释后新冠症状或者同时出现的多种症状，各方做了许多努力。但疾控中心称，这类研究主要关注的是成年人，而不是儿童。
新冠预防策略，包括接种疫苗等，是预防感染新冠、后新冠症状以及多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）等新冠相关疾病的关键。多系统炎症综合征患者感染新冠后如果出现症状会完全康复，并且在4至12周内身体状态良好，之后却会出现一种罕见的、可能致命的炎症疾病。
美国官方最近公布的数据称，美国每5名新冠患者中，就有一名患有长期新冠。预计有100万美国人因为这类新症状所导致的医疗并发症，而不得不离开劳动力队伍。
华盛顿特区国立儿童医院（ Children’s National Hospital ）传染病学专家亚历山大·布鲁格勒·杨茨在5月告诉《财富》杂志，预计有5%至10%的儿童新冠患者患有长期新冠。
她表示：“人们的想法是：‘只有5%而已，但要知道死亡率为1%，因此这依旧是一个严重的问题。’”
她补充道，在这个区间中，5%是真正患有长期新冠的儿童，我们目前仍在努力推算这个数字的意义。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
Children and teens who’ve had COVID are at greater risk for blood clots, heart problems, kidney failure, and Type 1 diabetes, according to a new report released Thursday by U.S. health officials.
Researchers with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention examined the electronic health records of nearly 800,000 U.S. children ages 0 through 17 who had COVID from 2020 through 2022, and compared them with that of nearly 2.5 million children who had not been diagnosed with COVID during the same time period.
They found that young people who had been diagnosed with COVID were about two times more likely to experience a blood clot in the lung—and nearly two times more likely to experience myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle; cardiomyopathy, a disease that makes it more difficult for the heart to function correctly; or blood clots in veins—in the year following their illness.
They were also roughly 1.3 times as likely to experience kidney failure, as well as Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder that destroys the pancreas’s ability to make insulin, according to the study.
Post-COVID conditions—defined as new or recurring health problems that occur four or more weeks after COVID infection, also known as “long COVID”—are poorly understood. Myriad efforts are underway to elucidate the condition—or multiple conditions. But such studies focus predominantly on adults, not children, according to the CDC.
COVID prevention strategies, including vaccination, are critical for preventing COVID, post-COVID conditions, and COVID-related diseases like MIS-C, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MIS-C patients fully recover from COVID, if they even had symptoms, and are fine for four to 12 weeks before developing a rare, inflammatory-based illness that can be fatal.
Up to one in five American adults who’ve had COVID-19 are living with long COVID, U.S. officials have recently stated. And an estimated 1 million Americans have been forced to leave the labor force because of medical complications from the nascent condition.
An estimated 5% to 10% of children who’ve had COVID go on to develop long COVID, Dr. Alexandra Brugler Yonts, an infectious disease specialist at Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D.C., told Fortune in May.
“People are like, ‘Oh, it’s only 5%,’ but we talk about death being 1% and it’s still a big deal,” she said.
At the lower end of that range are kids with “true long COVID, whatever that means,” she added. “We’re still figuring it out.”
