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这家零售商曾经比沃尔玛还大,如今在美国仅剩四家

这家零售商曾经比沃尔玛还大,如今在美国仅剩四家

Carmela Chirinos 2022-03-07
盘点凯玛特衰落背后的一些败笔。

2009年11月19日,位于美国科罗拉多州布鲁姆菲尔德的凯玛特门店外的购物者。西尔斯控股公司(Sears Holdings Corp)周四公布的财报显示,季度亏损小于预期,但分析师质疑该由对冲基金经理爱德华·兰珀特领导的公司是否过于依赖成本削减,受此影响,其股价下跌3%。图片来源:PHOTOGRAPH BY RICK WILKING — REUTERS

凯玛特(Kmart)曾经是美国规模最大的零售帝国之一,但如今它在美国的门店数量锐减,只剩下四家。

这个拥有123年悠久历史的品牌以其Bluelight Special优惠活动而著称。在鼎盛时期,凯玛特旗下约有2400家门店,拥有3.5万名员工,年营收达370亿美元。

如今,它却与西尔斯(Sears)一道成为零售业大灾难中最令人瞩目的受害者之一。凯玛特在美国只剩下四家门店,对于那些还记得熙熙攘攘、无处不在的凯玛特门店的人来说,这着实难以置信。

从未能采用新技术到展开代价高昂的不良投资,以下是凯玛特衰落背后的一些败笔。

凯玛特是折扣零售的先驱

1899年,凯玛特由塞巴斯蒂安·斯珀林·克雷斯吉创立,取名S.S.Kresge Corporation。他希望,公司会成为一个人们可以买到玩具、衣服、家居用品等日常用品的地方。

1925年,该公司在克雷斯吉退休后交由亨利·坎宁安掌管。20世纪60年代,该公司开始专注于提供折扣优惠,因而实现了巨大的扩张。

20世纪60年代初期,凯玛特处于鼎盛时期。人们会期盼Bluelight Special的到来,那一天员工会宣布特定品类的每日优惠。1977年,它更名为凯玛特。20世纪90年代,凯玛特拥有约2400家门店以及35万名员工。

1991年,该公司通过优先股筹资10亿美元。1993年,它的营收约为370亿美元。然而,一年后,它开始关闭旗下门店。凯玛特没有及时进行现代化改造或技术升级,因而无法更好地跟踪库存和零售商。

2002年,沃尔玛(Warmart)取代凯玛特成为第二大零售商,后者首次申请破产保护。对冲基金经营者埃迪·兰珀特收购了凯玛特的债务,并将其与西尔斯合并。虽然这笔交易规模达110亿美元,但凯玛特无法东山再起,两家公司最终都在2018年申请破产。

2021年10月,凯玛特股价停滞不前,只剩不到1美分。与此同时,今年2月下旬,塔吉特(Target)的股价高达194美元,沃尔玛的股价也达到136美元。

衰落背后的败笔

凯玛特的问题能够追溯到1962年,当时它并未能跟上不断崛起的两大竞争对手沃尔玛和塔吉特的前进步伐。

与沃尔玛和塔吉特不同,凯玛特没有明确的目标市场。虽然它确实有便宜货,但由于没有对特定人群形成吸引力,其业务受到了伤害。凯玛特想要吸引各类人群,但结果却变得平庸,缺乏形象定位。

雪上加霜的是,凯玛特在20世纪90年代开始收购其他连锁店,例如Borders books、Sports Authority、Builders Square等等。这些零售商如今一家都没有存活下来。

凯玛特也没有投资于合适的技术和物流基础设施,这导致它输给了沃尔玛,也让他们陷入永远都追赶不上竞争对手的境地。在消费者越来越多地转向线上购买想要的东西之时,凯玛特布局电子商务过于迟缓,这成了压倒该公司的最后一根稻草。

凯玛特的未来

凯玛特刚刚宣布计划再关闭两家美国门店。现在,它只剩下四家美国门店。其中两家位于新泽西州,另外两家分别位于长岛和迈阿密。

凯玛特在Reddit、YouTube、Facebook等热门平台上成了一个令人着迷的话题。人们要么是品牌的追随者,要么是对其消亡产生近乎病态的兴趣。有些人甚至把拍视频记录凯玛特最后一家门店视作一项使命。Facebook上甚至还有专门的凯玛特粉丝群页面。

但是,并不是所有的凯玛特门店都在消亡。据《每日邮报》(The Daily Mail)报道,该零售商在澳大利亚仍旧表现出色。(财富中文网)

译者:万志文

凯玛特(Kmart)曾经是美国规模最大的零售帝国之一,但如今它在美国的门店数量锐减,只剩下四家。

这个拥有123年悠久历史的品牌以其Bluelight Special优惠活动而著称。在鼎盛时期,凯玛特旗下约有2400家门店,拥有3.5万名员工,年营收达370亿美元。

如今,它却与西尔斯(Sears)一道成为零售业大灾难中最令人瞩目的受害者之一。凯玛特在美国只剩下四家门店,对于那些还记得熙熙攘攘、无处不在的凯玛特门店的人来说,这着实难以置信。

从未能采用新技术到展开代价高昂的不良投资,以下是凯玛特衰落背后的一些败笔。

凯玛特是折扣零售的先驱

1899年,凯玛特由塞巴斯蒂安·斯珀林·克雷斯吉创立,取名S.S.Kresge Corporation。他希望,公司会成为一个人们可以买到玩具、衣服、家居用品等日常用品的地方。

1925年,该公司在克雷斯吉退休后交由亨利·坎宁安掌管。20世纪60年代,该公司开始专注于提供折扣优惠,因而实现了巨大的扩张。

20世纪60年代初期,凯玛特处于鼎盛时期。人们会期盼Bluelight Special的到来,那一天员工会宣布特定品类的每日优惠。1977年,它更名为凯玛特。20世纪90年代,凯玛特拥有约2400家门店以及35万名员工。

1991年,该公司通过优先股筹资10亿美元。1993年,它的营收约为370亿美元。然而,一年后,它开始关闭旗下门店。凯玛特没有及时进行现代化改造或技术升级,因而无法更好地跟踪库存和零售商。

2002年,沃尔玛(Warmart)取代凯玛特成为第二大零售商,后者首次申请破产保护。对冲基金经营者埃迪·兰珀特收购了凯玛特的债务,并将其与西尔斯合并。虽然这笔交易规模达110亿美元,但凯玛特无法东山再起,两家公司最终都在2018年申请破产。

2021年10月,凯玛特股价停滞不前,只剩不到1美分。与此同时,今年2月下旬,塔吉特(Target)的股价高达194美元,沃尔玛的股价也达到136美元。

衰落背后的败笔

凯玛特的问题能够追溯到1962年,当时它并未能跟上不断崛起的两大竞争对手沃尔玛和塔吉特的前进步伐。

与沃尔玛和塔吉特不同,凯玛特没有明确的目标市场。虽然它确实有便宜货,但由于没有对特定人群形成吸引力,其业务受到了伤害。凯玛特想要吸引各类人群,但结果却变得平庸,缺乏形象定位。

雪上加霜的是,凯玛特在20世纪90年代开始收购其他连锁店,例如Borders books、Sports Authority、Builders Square等等。这些零售商如今一家都没有存活下来。

凯玛特也没有投资于合适的技术和物流基础设施,这导致它输给了沃尔玛,也让他们陷入永远都追赶不上竞争对手的境地。在消费者越来越多地转向线上购买想要的东西之时,凯玛特布局电子商务过于迟缓,这成了压倒该公司的最后一根稻草。

凯玛特的未来

凯玛特刚刚宣布计划再关闭两家美国门店。现在,它只剩下四家美国门店。其中两家位于新泽西州,另外两家分别位于长岛和迈阿密。

凯玛特在Reddit、YouTube、Facebook等热门平台上成了一个令人着迷的话题。人们要么是品牌的追随者,要么是对其消亡产生近乎病态的兴趣。有些人甚至把拍视频记录凯玛特最后一家门店视作一项使命。Facebook上甚至还有专门的凯玛特粉丝群页面。

但是,并不是所有的凯玛特门店都在消亡。据《每日邮报》(The Daily Mail)报道,该零售商在澳大利亚仍旧表现出色。(财富中文网)

译者:万志文

Kmart used to be one of the biggest U.S. retail empires, but today it has been decimated to only four U.S. stores.

The 123-year-old brand was renowned for its Bluelight special. At its peak, Kmart operated around 2,400 stores, had 350,000 employees, and had $37 billion in revenue.

Today, it joins Sears as one of the most striking victims of the retail apocalypse. Kmart only has four U.S. locations remaining, a fact that is difficult to believe for those who remember bustling, ubiquitous stores.

From failing to adopt new tech, to costly bad investments, here are the mistakes that led to Kmart’s downfall.

Kmart was a pioneer of discount retail

In 1899, Kmart was founded by Sebastian Spering Kresge and called S.S. Kresge Corporation. He envisioned a place where shoppers could find daily needs like toys, clothes, and housewares.

In 1925, the company was handed over to Henry Cunningham after Kresge retired. In the 1960s, the company started focusing on discounted prices, leading to a huge expansion.

In the early 1960s, Kmart was in its glory days. People would wait for the Bluelight Special, where employees announced daily deals on specific departments. In 1977, it changed its name to Kmart. In the 1990s, the company had around 2,400 stores and 350,000 employees.

In 1991, the company raised $1 billion in equity through preferred stock, and by 1993, it had a revenue of around $37 billion. However, a year later, it started closing stores. Kmart did not modernize in time or upgrade their technology, which prevented them from tracking inventory and retailers better.

In 2002, Walmart took Kmart's place as the second-largest retailer, and the company filed for bankruptcy for the first time. Hedge fund operator Eddie Lampert bought the company's debt and combined it with Sears. While the deal was worth $11 billion, the company could not make a comeback, and both companies ended up filing for bankruptcy in 2018.

In October 2021, shares for Kmart stagnated to less than a cent. Meanwhile, in late February, Target's stock price was $194, and Walmart's was $136.

Mistakes that led to downfall

The problem goes back to 1962, when Kmart failed to keep up with rising competitors Walmart and Target.

Unlike Walmart and Target, Kmart failed to define its target market. While it did have bargains, failing to appeal to a specific demographic hurt the business. Kmart wanted to appeal to everyone, but instead it became bland and lacked an image.

Adding insult to injury, Kmart started purchasing other chains like Borders books, Sports Authority and Builders Square in the 90s. None of those retailers are operating today.

Kmart also did not invest in the right technology and logistics, which caused it to lose against Walmart and put them in a position where the company would never catch up. Slow adoption of e-commerce put the final nail in the coffin for Kmart, as shoppers increasingly turned online for their needs.

What's next for Kmart

Kmart just announced plans to shutter two more U.S. stores. Today, only four U.S. locations remain. Two of them are located in New Jersey, and the other two are in Long Island and Miami.

Kmart has become the subject of fascination on platforms like Reddit, YouTube, and Facebook. People are either followers of the brand, or morbidly intrigued by its demise. Some have even made it a mission to document the last KMart's standing on video. There are even devoted fan group pages on Facebook.

But, not all Kmarts are dying; according to The Daily Mail, the retailer continues to do well in Australia.

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