世界卫生组织将向亚洲和欧洲国家转让其mRNA技术
世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）宣布，该组织与南非科学家联合开发的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗技术，将很快向部分亚洲和欧洲国家转让。
到目前为止，该项目已经生产出一款原型新冠疫苗，该疫苗与Moderna的疫苗类似，但并不完全相同。该疫苗与Moderna的疫苗基于相同的公开基因序列，但Moderna拒绝为该计划提供援助（只是承诺在新冠疫情期间不会强制执行其专利），这迫使世界卫生组织的合作伙伴Afrigen只能自行解决疫苗研发问题。由于缺少帮助，该疫苗可能需要数年才能够实现规模化生产，但该计划所使用的技术不局限于新冠疫情，它有望用于对抗艾滋病病毒、癌症和其他冠状病毒。
世界卫生组织于几周前公布了该款原型疫苗。该组织于2月23日宣布，将很快向柬埔寨、印尼、巴基斯坦、塞尔维亚和越南等国家转让该项技术，这预示着该技术将加快扩散。这些国家“均有能力采用该技术，并且经过针对性培训，可以相对较快地投入生产。”
两周前，埃及、肯尼亚、尼日利亚、塞内加尔和突尼斯被选定为受援国。该项目自2021年启动，目前的受援国名单中还包括阿根廷和巴西。
世界卫生组织还宣布与韩国合作建立了一个生物制造培训中心，为中低收入国家生产疫苗、单克抗体、癌症药物和胰岛素等提供帮助。
世界卫生组织的总干事谭德塞（Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus）在一份声明中表示：“向中低收入国家成功转让该技术面临的一个主要障碍是缺少熟练工人和监管薄弱。”通过培养相关技能，能够确保这些国家可以生产其急需的健康产品，并达到良好的质量标准，使他们不必再继续漫长的等待。”
世界卫生组织推动开发和推广新mRNA技术的目的，是为了解决疫情期间新冠疫苗分配不均的问题。造成分配不均的主要原因是生产制约——富裕国家抢占了有限的疫苗，因此非洲只有17%的人口接种了第一剂疫苗。而药企拒绝共享技术和欧洲拒绝强制药企共享技术，让情况变得更加复杂。（但欧盟支持世界卫生组织通过mRNA技术转让计划等刺激疫苗生产的努力。）
印尼外交部部长蕾特诺·勒丝达利·普利安莎莉·马尔苏迪在2月23日说：“这是发展中国家急需的解决方案。它能够赋予并且增强我们自力更生的能力，并且使我们可以为提升全球健康的恢复力做出贡献。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）宣布，该组织与南非科学家联合开发的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗技术，将很快向部分亚洲和欧洲国家转让。
到目前为止，该项目已经生产出一款原型新冠疫苗，该疫苗与Moderna的疫苗类似，但并不完全相同。该疫苗与Moderna的疫苗基于相同的公开基因序列，但Moderna拒绝为该计划提供援助（只是承诺在新冠疫情期间不会强制执行其专利），这迫使世界卫生组织的合作伙伴Afrigen只能自行解决疫苗研发问题。由于缺少帮助，该疫苗可能需要数年才能够实现规模化生产，但该计划所使用的技术不局限于新冠疫情，它有望用于对抗艾滋病病毒、癌症和其他冠状病毒。
世界卫生组织于几周前公布了该款原型疫苗。该组织于2月23日宣布，将很快向柬埔寨、印尼、巴基斯坦、塞尔维亚和越南等国家转让该项技术，这预示着该技术将加快扩散。这些国家“均有能力采用该技术，并且经过针对性培训，可以相对较快地投入生产。”
两周前，埃及、肯尼亚、尼日利亚、塞内加尔和突尼斯被选定为受援国。该项目自2021年启动，目前的受援国名单中还包括阿根廷和巴西。
世界卫生组织还宣布与韩国合作建立了一个生物制造培训中心，为中低收入国家生产疫苗、单克抗体、癌症药物和胰岛素等提供帮助。
世界卫生组织的总干事谭德塞（Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus）在一份声明中表示：“向中低收入国家成功转让该技术面临的一个主要障碍是缺少熟练工人和监管薄弱。”通过培养相关技能，能够确保这些国家可以生产其急需的健康产品，并达到良好的质量标准，使他们不必再继续漫长的等待。”
世界卫生组织推动开发和推广新mRNA技术的目的，是为了解决疫情期间新冠疫苗分配不均的问题。造成分配不均的主要原因是生产制约——富裕国家抢占了有限的疫苗，因此非洲只有17%的人口接种了第一剂疫苗。而药企拒绝共享技术和欧洲拒绝强制药企共享技术，让情况变得更加复杂。（但欧盟支持世界卫生组织通过mRNA技术转让计划等刺激疫苗生产的努力。）
印尼外交部部长蕾特诺·勒丝达利·普利安莎莉·马尔苏迪在2月23日说：“这是发展中国家急需的解决方案。它能够赋予并且增强我们自力更生的能力，并且使我们可以为提升全球健康的恢复力做出贡献。”（财富中文网）
译者：刘进龙
审校：汪皓
The mRNA vaccine technology that's being developed by the World Health Organization and South African scientists will soon be shared with several Asian and European countries, the WHO has announced.
The project has so far produced a prototype COVID-19 vaccine that is similar but not identical to Moderna’s. It is based on the same openly available sequence, but Moderna's refusal to aid the scheme (beyond promising not to enforce its patents during the pandemic) has forced WHO partner Afrigen to figure out the rest itself. Given this lack of help, it may take years before the vaccines can be produced at scale, but the plan is to use the underlying technology beyond this pandemic, potentially to combat things like HIV and cancer as well as the coronavirus.
The prototype was announced just a few weeks ago. In a sign of how quickly the technology's dissemination is ramping up, the WHO said on February 23 that the technology would soon be on its way to Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Serbia, and Vietnam, all of which have "the capacity to absorb the technology and, with targeted training, move to production stage relatively quickly."
Just two weeks ago, Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, and Tunisia joined a list of recipients that has, since the project's 2021 launch, also included Argentina and Brazil.
The United Nations agency also announced that it and South Korea had established a biomanufacturing training hub, so low- and middle-income countries have some help when they want to make vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, cancer treatments, and insulin.
"One of the key barriers to successful technology transfer in low- and middle-income countries is the lack of a skilled workforce and weak regulatory systems, said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in a statement. "Building those skills will ensure that they can manufacture the health products they need at a good quality standard so that they no longer have to wait at the end of the queue."
The WHO's push to create and spread new mRNA technology is part of its effort to rectify gross inequalities in COVID-19 vaccine distribution during the pandemic. This inequality is largely the result of production constraints—rich countries have hogged the limited supplies, which is why just 17% of Africans have received a first dose—that are compounded by pharma firms' refusal to share their technology and Europe's refusal to compel them to do so. (The EU does, however, back the WHO's efforts to stimulate production through schemes such as its mRNA technology transfer program.)
"This is the kind of solution that developing countries need," said Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi on February 23. "A solution that empowers and strengthens our self-reliance, as well as a solution that allows us to contribute to global health resilience."
