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美国橄榄球怪圈:丑闻越大,收视率越高

美国橄榄球怪圈:丑闻越大,收视率越高

Nicole Goodkind 2022-02-06
美国国家橄榄球联盟的赛事似乎对该国民众有一种无法抗拒的魔力。

美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)在过去10年中一直深陷争议泥沼。它曾经因为忽视球员的创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、漠视家暴和性骚扰,以及反对科林·卡佩尼克通过单膝下跪的方式来抗议系统性种族歧视而遭到起诉。即便美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普也曾经宣布,他已经受够了橄榄球。

然而美国民众却还没有看够。

马萨诸塞大学洛厄尔分校公众意见中心(Center for Public Opinion at University of Massachusetts Lowell)的副主任约翰·克卢维里厄斯对《财富》杂志说:“大部分的美国民众对橄榄球赛事存在的冲击和内在危险性非常担心。他们十分不满美国国家橄榄球联盟的管理。然而不管怎么样,人们不会停止观看。他们喜爱这项赛事,而且喜欢观看比赛。”

哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)播放了“上映即经典”的周日晚分区季后赛:堪萨斯城酋长队(Kansas City Chiefs)对决布法罗比尔队(Buffalo Bills)。早期数据显示,其平均总观众数达到了3450万,较一年前收看坦帕湾海盗队(Tampa Bay Buccaneers)对决新奥尔良圣徒队(New Orleans Saints)在福克斯(Fox)直播的观众数整整高出了20%。

比赛十分焦灼,最后两分钟双方曾经三度交替领先,之后,堪萨斯城酋长队在加时赛取得了胜利。克利夫兰布朗队(Cleveland Browns)的防守端锋迈尔斯·加勒特在推特(Twitter)上写道:“年度最佳赛事”。

随着四场比赛相继揭晓战果,多家媒体机构将这场比赛描述为:“史上最佳周末橄榄球季后赛”的真实写照。阿隆·罗杰斯可能是最后一次在比赛中担任四分卫,而这也可能是汤姆·布拉迪在美国国家橄榄球联盟打拼了22个赛季后的最后一场比赛。

这场比赛的观众数打破了仅仅一周前创下的赛季历史新高。尼尔森(Nielsen)的数据显示,一周前美国全国广播公司(NBC)播放的堪萨斯城酋长队42-21战胜匹兹堡钢人队(Pittsburgh Steelers)的比赛吸引了2890万名观众。

在收视率方面,创纪录的季后赛收视率为美国国家橄榄球联盟的整个赛季画上了一个完美的句号。电视和数字平台上272场常规赛季赛事的观众数平均为1710万,较2020年增长了10%,创下了美国国家橄榄球联盟自2015年以来的最高平均值。尼尔森称,在本赛季收视率排名前100的电视直播节目榜单中,美国国家橄榄球联盟的比赛占到了91席。一直以来并非美国国家橄榄球联盟强项的本土电视收视率在美国国家橄榄球联盟的32个市场中的21个亦有所增长。

受新冠疫情影响,美国国家橄榄球联盟在2020年损失了约40亿美元的营收,但联盟预计今年将完全恢复,因为常规赛季加赛以及合法体育博彩业务的扩张将为其贡献新的收入。

这些数字似乎还不不足以说明公众高涨的兴趣。尽管民调一直显示,美国民众并不支持美国国家橄榄球联盟在应对抗议球员方面所采取的措施,而且民调还显示,特朗普的支持者不再支持这家体育联盟,但美国国家橄榄球联盟的赛事似乎对民众有一种无法抗拒的魔力。

到目前为止,橄榄球是美国最受欢迎的体育赛事。2021年的Ipsos调查曾经询问美国民众,他们是否是某项体育的粉丝。大多数人(51%)称他们是职业橄榄球的粉丝,而其他体育项目的支持率则均未突破40%。橄榄球几乎在所有年龄层都是最受欢迎的体育项目。该调查发现,51%的民主党和50%的民主党都是美国国家橄榄球联盟的粉丝。约55%的无党派独立人士也都是其粉丝。美国黑人和白人对橄榄球的喜爱程度亦是相仿。

克卢维里厄斯在他的调查中发现,37%拥有高级学位的民众以及38%没有高中文凭的民众称,橄榄球是其最爱观看的体育节目。

尽管接受克卢维里厄斯的美国民众有61%认为家暴是美国国家橄榄球联盟的一个主要问题,但25%的女性粉丝称其对该赛事的兴趣在过去几年中有所增长,而称兴趣有所下降的女性比例为12%。

克卢维里厄斯称,观看美国国家橄榄球联盟与其政党一样,是美国民众身份的核心象征。

“民众在非常年轻的时候便会选择支持某个球队,而且通常受其父母影响。他们一生都会忠于这支球队。在公众意见中,美国国家橄榄球联盟的球迷对球队的忠诚度最接近对政党党派的忠诚度。”

然而,克卢维里厄斯对《财富》杂志说,他经常会对自己的调查结果感到困惑。“如果你向一位营销人员解释美国国家橄榄球联盟时说:‘有一家机构充满了丑闻,机构里最知名的球员会因为政治或个人争议话题而成为头条,而且该机构采取的可能是主流体育联盟中最为保守的管理方式。’这些营销人员就不会相信这竟然是美国最受欢迎的体育项目。”(财富中文网)

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)在过去10年中一直深陷争议泥沼。它曾经因为忽视球员的创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、漠视家暴和性骚扰,以及反对科林·卡佩尼克通过单膝下跪的方式来抗议系统性种族歧视而遭到起诉。即便美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普也曾经宣布,他已经受够了橄榄球。

然而美国民众却还没有看够。

马萨诸塞大学洛厄尔分校公众意见中心(Center for Public Opinion at University of Massachusetts Lowell)的副主任约翰·克卢维里厄斯对《财富》杂志说:“大部分的美国民众对橄榄球赛事存在的冲击和内在危险性非常担心。他们十分不满美国国家橄榄球联盟的管理。然而不管怎么样,人们不会停止观看。他们喜爱这项赛事,而且喜欢观看比赛。”

哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)播放了“上映即经典”的周日晚分区季后赛:堪萨斯城酋长队(Kansas City Chiefs)对决布法罗比尔队(Buffalo Bills)。早期数据显示,其平均总观众数达到了3450万,较一年前收看坦帕湾海盗队(Tampa Bay Buccaneers)对决新奥尔良圣徒队(New Orleans Saints)在福克斯(Fox)直播的观众数整整高出了20%。

比赛十分焦灼,最后两分钟双方曾经三度交替领先,之后,堪萨斯城酋长队在加时赛取得了胜利。克利夫兰布朗队(Cleveland Browns)的防守端锋迈尔斯·加勒特在推特(Twitter)上写道:“年度最佳赛事”。

随着四场比赛相继揭晓战果,多家媒体机构将这场比赛描述为:“史上最佳周末橄榄球季后赛”的真实写照。阿隆·罗杰斯可能是最后一次在比赛中担任四分卫,而这也可能是汤姆·布拉迪在美国国家橄榄球联盟打拼了22个赛季后的最后一场比赛。

这场比赛的观众数打破了仅仅一周前创下的赛季历史新高。尼尔森(Nielsen)的数据显示,一周前美国全国广播公司(NBC)播放的堪萨斯城酋长队42-21战胜匹兹堡钢人队(Pittsburgh Steelers)的比赛吸引了2890万名观众。

在收视率方面,创纪录的季后赛收视率为美国国家橄榄球联盟的整个赛季画上了一个完美的句号。电视和数字平台上272场常规赛季赛事的观众数平均为1710万,较2020年增长了10%,创下了美国国家橄榄球联盟自2015年以来的最高平均值。尼尔森称,在本赛季收视率排名前100的电视直播节目榜单中,美国国家橄榄球联盟的比赛占到了91席。一直以来并非美国国家橄榄球联盟强项的本土电视收视率在美国国家橄榄球联盟的32个市场中的21个亦有所增长。

受新冠疫情影响,美国国家橄榄球联盟在2020年损失了约40亿美元的营收,但联盟预计今年将完全恢复,因为常规赛季加赛以及合法体育博彩业务的扩张将为其贡献新的收入。

这些数字似乎还不不足以说明公众高涨的兴趣。尽管民调一直显示,美国民众并不支持美国国家橄榄球联盟在应对抗议球员方面所采取的措施,而且民调还显示,特朗普的支持者不再支持这家体育联盟,但美国国家橄榄球联盟的赛事似乎对民众有一种无法抗拒的魔力。

到目前为止,橄榄球是美国最受欢迎的体育赛事。2021年的Ipsos调查曾经询问美国民众,他们是否是某项体育的粉丝。大多数人(51%)称他们是职业橄榄球的粉丝,而其他体育项目的支持率则均未突破40%。橄榄球几乎在所有年龄层都是最受欢迎的体育项目。该调查发现,51%的民主党和50%的民主党都是美国国家橄榄球联盟的粉丝。约55%的无党派独立人士也都是其粉丝。美国黑人和白人对橄榄球的喜爱程度亦是相仿。

克卢维里厄斯在他的调查中发现,37%拥有高级学位的民众以及38%没有高中文凭的民众称,橄榄球是其最爱观看的体育节目。

尽管接受克卢维里厄斯的美国民众有61%认为家暴是美国国家橄榄球联盟的一个主要问题,但25%的女性粉丝称其对该赛事的兴趣在过去几年中有所增长,而称兴趣有所下降的女性比例为12%。

克卢维里厄斯称,观看美国国家橄榄球联盟与其政党一样,是美国民众身份的核心象征。

“民众在非常年轻的时候便会选择支持某个球队,而且通常受其父母影响。他们一生都会忠于这支球队。在公众意见中,美国国家橄榄球联盟的球迷对球队的忠诚度最接近对政党党派的忠诚度。”

然而,克卢维里厄斯对《财富》杂志说,他经常会对自己的调查结果感到困惑。“如果你向一位营销人员解释美国国家橄榄球联盟时说:‘有一家机构充满了丑闻,机构里最知名的球员会因为政治或个人争议话题而成为头条,而且该机构采取的可能是主流体育联盟中最为保守的管理方式。’这些营销人员就不会相信这竟然是美国最受欢迎的体育项目。”(财富中文网)

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

The NFL has spent the past decade mired in controversy. It's been accused of ignoring traumatic brain injuries in players, shrugging off domestic abuse and sexual assault, and blackballing Colin Kaepernick for taking a knee against systemic racism. Even former President Donald Trump announced at one point that he was done with football.

But Americans just can't get enough of it.

“Americans are generally very concerned about concussions and the inherent dangers of the game. They don't have positive views of NFL management,” John Cluverius, associate director for the Center for Public Opinion at University of Massachusetts Lowell, told Fortune. “But nonetheless, people can't stop watching. They love the game and they love watching the game.”

CBS’s broadcast of the instant-classic Sunday night divisional playoff game between the Kansas City Chiefs and the Buffalo Bills averaged 34.5 million total viewers, per early numbers. That’s up a full 20% from the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and New Orleans Saints game on Fox a year ago.

The game was a nail-biter, with three lead changes in the final two minutes of play before Kansas City prevailed in overtime. "Game of the year," tweeted Myles Garrett, defensive end for the Cleveland Browns.

Several media outlets trumpeted it as the conclusion to the "best playoff football weekend ever," as all four games came down to the wire. Aaron Rodgers may have played his last game as a Packer and Tom Brady might have also played his final game after 22 seasons in the NFL.

The Kansas City-Buffalo numbers blew away the previous season-high from just the week before, when 28.9 million viewers watched Kansas City’s 42-21 victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers on NBC, according to Nielsen.

The record-shattering postseason ratings cap off a stellar season for the NFL overall in terms of ratings. The 272 regular-season games averaged 17.1 million viewers over television and digital platforms, a 10% increase over 2020 and the league's highest average since 2015. During the season, NFL games accounted for 91 of the top 100 telecasts on television, according to Nielsen. Local TV ratings, which have been less of a bright spot for the NFL, also increased in 21 of the league’s 32 markets.

The NFL lost roughly $4 billion in revenue in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but it's expecting to recover from that this year, with new income from added games during the regular season and an expansion of legal sports betting.

These numbers don't seem to add up with public sentiment. While polls consistently show that Americans don’t support actions that the NFL has taken against protesting players, and that Trump supporters no longer favor the sports league, people can’t seem to look away.

Football is the most popular sport to watch in America by far. A 2021 Ipsos poll asked Americans if they were fans of various sports. A majority, 51%, said they were fans of professional football; no other sport even cracked 40%. Football was popular among nearly all demographics. The poll found that 51% of Democrats are fans of the NFL and 50% of Republicans are. About 55% of independents are fans. Football was also equally favored by Black and white Americans.

Cluverius found in his own polling that 37% of people with advanced degrees and 38% of people without high school diplomas say football is their favorite sport to watch.

And while 61% of the Americans polled by Cluverius agreed that domestic violence is a major problem in the NFL, 25% of female fans said their interest in the sport had increased over the past few years, compared to 12% who reported a decrease in interest.

NFL fandom is as core to Americans’ identities as their political party, said Cluverius.

“People pick their teams at a very young age, and it’s usually inherited from their parents. They stay with that team for their whole lives. NFL fandom is the closest thing we have in public opinion that resembles the exact same dynamic as political partisanship.”

Still, Cluverius told Fortune he often becomes perplexed by his poll results. “If you explained the NFL to a marketing person and said, ‘we have an institution that is rife with scandal, whose most known players are in the headlines for either political or personal controversy, whose management is probably the most reactionary among the major sports leagues’ they wouldn’t believe that it's the most popular sport in the country.”

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