欧洲能源转型遇阻，这项技术可以帮得上忙
一项名为“车辆到电网”（V2G）的创新型技术有望实现电动汽车（EVs）的推广，并通过降低短期价格波动的频率，促进更高效的去中心化能源生产、存储与分销，帮助欧洲缓解能源危机。近期，天然气价格暴涨近500%，这也是造成欧洲能源危机的主要因素。尽管向可再生能源过渡的愿望非常强烈，但因为太阳能和风能等清洁能源供应量不足，只能由天然气能源填补需求缺口，这一现状也必然会对市场有所影响。
虽然建立更清洁、更绿色、更可靠能源景观等长期目标仍未改变，但在短期内，欧洲人民迫切需要获得稳定且价格合适的能源。在推动欧洲转向更清洁、更稳定能源的过程及促进个体“能源独立”的方面，对车辆到电网技术的大规模投资将发挥关键作用。
电动汽车可供电
V2G技术支持电动汽车与电网之间的充电与反充。停在V2G充电站内的电动汽车可连入智能电网，将电反向送回给电网。这不仅有助于创造一种更具可持续性、更高效的电力生态系统，对车主和环境也很有利。
在无驾车需求时，连入电网的电动汽车能够在用电高峰期为稳定电网出一份力，甚至可以在停电的时候为车主供电。从本质上来说，V2G技术催生了一系列用法，在此之下，电动汽车除了是一种交通工具之外，还可以充当去中心化电力存储的移动电池。因此，这不仅能够保障更大规模能源网的稳定性与多样性，而且能够降低价格波动的频率。
已有数个汽车制造商和欧洲国家将V2G技术投入了实际应用。由提供V2G技术和解决方案的领先企业Nuvve和智能充电方面的领先企业EDF共同组建的合资公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麦、法国和英国在内的多个欧洲国家开放了V2G技术相关服务。东风日产Leaf和三菱欧蓝德已搭载V2G功能。现代、起亚、卢西亚和大众 也表示，未来推出的汽车将搭载V2G功能。
Sono Motors的Sion Model更进一步阐释了“能源独立”的概念。该型号的电动汽车不仅采用了V2G技术，还配备了太阳能电池板。也就是说，它能够发电、储电、供电，一辆车就是一整个能源系统。
有了兼容V2G技术的电动汽车，汽车行业将在推进绿色交通、清洁能源和提高个体能源独立的问题上发挥关键作用，与家用和商用太阳能电池的现有流行趋势相一致。
政府的关键作用
以近期那项帮助荷兰第四大城市——乌特勒支转向双向电网生态环境的倡议为例，想充分释放这项技术的潜力，就得鼓励电动汽车制造商和消费者，以及政府和私营部门之间多多合作。建立相应的系统和基础设施，给将汽车连入电网的车主提供能源积分或其它形式的补偿，也将成为加速落实V2G模式的关键因素。
推行V2G技术对政府、个体消费者和原始设备制造商都有经济意义。与持续寻找新能源、每年花费数百万美元新建电池存储点和基础设施以满足不断增长的电动汽车需求相比，V2G技术所需投资额更低，且更具可持续性。
在V2G模式下，个体消费者和企业购买电动汽车和电池组时，可能会得到政府提供的补助。电动汽车车主不仅能因更清洁、更便宜的电力获得经济利益，还能从使用者可将电回售给电网的新机制（围绕电动汽车创造新的用法、价值主张，甚至是完整的商业模式）中获得经济利益。原始设备制造商的受益点在于，兼容V2G技术的汽车价格更高，完善的V2G基础设施也很可能会促进对电动汽车需求的增长。
欧洲领导者需要确保，即便面临着艰难转型下的种种危机与反弹，也将坚守可持续、清洁能源环境这一长期目标。稳定电网、能源存储去中心化和推广电动汽车的采用都是有助于控制能源市场，且与能源和气候长期目标相吻合的策略。
虽然仅凭V2G技术并不能解决能源危机，但该技术确实能够在一定程度上满足欧洲目前和未来对清洁廉价能源的需求。欧洲领导者应尽力探索机遇、寻求公私合作，以激励并促进V2G技术的发展。（财富中文网）
作者为TLGG的总经理
译者：殷圆圆
一项名为“车辆到电网”（V2G）的创新型技术有望实现电动汽车（EVs）的推广，并通过降低短期价格波动的频率，促进更高效的去中心化能源生产、存储与分销，帮助欧洲缓解能源危机。近期，天然气价格暴涨近500%，这也是造成欧洲能源危机的主要因素。尽管向可再生能源过渡的愿望非常强烈，但因为太阳能和风能等清洁能源供应量不足，只能由天然气能源填补需求缺口，这一现状也必然会对市场有所影响。
虽然建立更清洁、更绿色、更可靠能源景观等长期目标仍未改变，但在短期内，欧洲人民迫切需要获得稳定且价格合适的能源。在推动欧洲转向更清洁、更稳定能源的过程及促进个体“能源独立”的方面，对车辆到电网技术的大规模投资将发挥关键作用。
电动汽车可供电
V2G技术支持电动汽车与电网之间的充电与反充。停在V2G充电站内的电动汽车可连入智能电网，将电反向送回给电网。这不仅有助于创造一种更具可持续性、更高效的电力生态系统，对车主和环境也很有利。
在无驾车需求时，连入电网的电动汽车能够在用电高峰期为稳定电网出一份力，甚至可以在停电的时候为车主供电。从本质上来说，V2G技术催生了一系列用法，在此之下，电动汽车除了是一种交通工具之外，还可以充当去中心化电力存储的移动电池。因此，这不仅能够保障更大规模能源网的稳定性与多样性，而且能够降低价格波动的频率。
已有数个汽车制造商和欧洲国家将V2G技术投入了实际应用。由提供V2G技术和解决方案的领先企业Nuvve和智能充电方面的领先企业EDF共同组建的合资公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麦、法国和英国在内的多个欧洲国家开放了V2G技术相关服务。东风日产Leaf和三菱欧蓝德已搭载V2G功能。现代、起亚、卢西亚和大众 也表示，未来推出的汽车将搭载V2G功能。
Sono Motors的Sion Model更进一步阐释了“能源独立”的概念。该型号的电动汽车不仅采用了V2G技术，还配备了太阳能电池板。也就是说，它能够发电、储电、供电，一辆车就是一整个能源系统。
有了兼容V2G技术的电动汽车，汽车行业将在推进绿色交通、清洁能源和提高个体能源独立的问题上发挥关键作用，与家用和商用太阳能电池的现有流行趋势相一致。
政府的关键作用
以近期那项帮助荷兰第四大城市——乌特勒支转向双向电网生态环境的倡议为例，想充分释放这项技术的潜力，就得鼓励电动汽车制造商和消费者，以及政府和私营部门之间多多合作。建立相应的系统和基础设施，给将汽车连入电网的车主提供能源积分或其它形式的补偿，也将成为加速落实V2G模式的关键因素。
推行V2G技术对政府、个体消费者和原始设备制造商都有经济意义。与持续寻找新能源、每年花费数百万美元新建电池存储点和基础设施以满足不断增长的电动汽车需求相比，V2G技术所需投资额更低，且更具可持续性。
在V2G模式下，个体消费者和企业购买电动汽车和电池组时，可能会得到政府提供的补助。电动汽车车主不仅能因更清洁、更便宜的电力获得经济利益，还能从使用者可将电回售给电网的新机制（围绕电动汽车创造新的用法、价值主张，甚至是完整的商业模式）中获得经济利益。原始设备制造商的受益点在于，兼容V2G技术的汽车价格更高，完善的V2G基础设施也很可能会促进对电动汽车需求的增长。
欧洲领导者需要确保，即便面临着艰难转型下的种种危机与反弹，也将坚守可持续、清洁能源环境这一长期目标。稳定电网、能源存储去中心化和推广电动汽车的采用都是有助于控制能源市场，且与能源和气候长期目标相吻合的策略。
虽然仅凭V2G技术并不能解决能源危机，但该技术确实能够在一定程度上满足欧洲目前和未来对清洁廉价能源的需求。欧洲领导者应尽力探索机遇、寻求公私合作，以激励并促进V2G技术的发展。（财富中文网）
作者为TLGG的总经理
译者：殷圆圆
An innovative technology known as Vehicle to Grid (V2G) could help further incentivize the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and help Europe see its way out of its ongoing energy crisis by reducing short-term price volatility and allowing for more efficient and decentralized energy production, storage, and distribution. Europe’s current energy crisis is primarily driven by high gas prices, which have recently surged nearly 500%. Despite a strongly stated desire to transition to renewable energy sources, the insufficient supply of solar, wind, and other clean energy has left gas-powered energy to fill the gap, with markets responding in kind.
While the long-term goal remains to build a cleaner and greener reliable energy landscape, there is a near-term need to provide Europeans with affordable and stable power. Investments to scale Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology could play a key role in smoothing Europe’s transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy and facilitating individual energy independence.
EVs can become powerplants
V2G allows energy to be “pushed” back and forth between an electric vehicle (EV) and the power grid. An EV parked at a V2G charging station plugs into a smart grid, enabling the vehicle to feed its energy back into the grid. This creates a more sustainable and efficient power ecosystem, while also benefiting vehicle owners and the environment.
When not in use, a connected EV can help stabilize the grid during peak energy times and even provide power to vehicle owners during a power outage. Essentially, V2G opens a host of use cases in which an EV is not just a means of transport, but a moving battery unit for decentralized electricity storage. This works to stabilize and diversify the larger energy grid, reducing price volatility.
There are already several early examples of auto manufacturers and European countries embracing V2G. Dreeve, a joint venture between Nuvve, a leading provider of V2G technology and solutions, and EDF, a leader in smart-charging, has begun making V2G available in several European countries, including Denmark, France, and the United Kingdom. Nissan’s Leaf and Mitsubishi’s Outlander currently have V2G capabilities and Hyundai, Kia, Lucia, and Volkswagen have stated that their future vehicles will be V2G capable.
Sono Motors’ Sion Model takes the idea of energy independence a step further. On top of being a V2G-capable EV, it is equipped with solar panels, meaning it possesses electricity generation, storage, and distribution capabilities, essentially making the vehicle an energy system unto itself.
Through V2G-compatible EVs, the auto industry can play a key role in advancing green transport, clean energy, and bolster energy independence on the individual level, in line with existing trends such as solar panels on homes and businesses.
A critical role for governments
Unlocking the full potential of this technology will require incentives to EV manufacturers and consumers, as well as public-private partnerships, such as the recent initiative to help transform Utrecht, the Netherlands’ fourth largest city, into a bi-directional grid ecosystem. Establishing a system and infrastructure that allows users who plug their vehicles into the grid to receive energy credits or other forms of compensation will also be critical to accelerate the adoption of a V2G model.
Expanding V2G makes financial sense for governments, individual consumers, and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Investing in V2G is cheaper and more sustainable than continually looking for new sources of energy and spending millions annually to create new battery storage locations and infrastructure to support the growth of EVs.
In a V2G model, individual consumers and businesses would purchase their EV and a battery package, likely with government-backed incentives. Drivers would financially benefit not only from cleaner and cheaper power for their EV, but from mechanisms that enable users to sell power back to the grid–creating new use cases, value propositions, and potentially even entire business models around EVs. OEMs would benefit by being able to command higher prices for vehicles with V2G capabilities and from the increased demand for EVs a robust V2G infrastructure is likely to prompt.
European leaders need to ensure support for the long-term goal of a sustainable, clean energy environment isn’t derailed by the crises and backlash that arises from a rocky transition. Stabilizing energy grids, decentralizing energy storage, and increasing the adoption of EVs are all steps that will help rein in the current energy market while aligning with longer-term energy and climate goals.
Though V2G alone will not solve the energy crisis, it can help address both the supply and demand sides of Europe’s current and future needs for clean and affordable energy. European leaders should explore opportunities and public-private partnerships to incentivize and catalyze the expansion of V2G.
Katrin Zimmermann is the managing director of TLGG
