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英、美、法、德为何执念于经济改革?

英、美、法、德为何执念于经济改革?

Siva Sithraputhran 2021-04-26
极少有人希望保持现状,在法国只有3%的受访者持这种观点,在美国只有12%。

一项最新研究显示,在包括美国在内的多个大型经济体,许多人要求改革经济体制,并提出了从对富人加税到增强社会保障网等众多诉求。

皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)在2020年秋末的一项调查显示,法国对新经济体制的渴望最强烈,70%的受访者呼吁彻底改革经济体制。在美国、英国和德国,约50%的受访者认为本国应该大规模调整经济政策。

尽管具体政策措施仍然有分歧,但调查发现受访者对其中一个指标的态度基本一致:极少有人希望保持现状,在法国只有3%的受访者持这种观点,在美国只有12%。

受访者对政府发起的员工就业和技能培训反响热烈。其他很受欢迎的想法包括执行贫困人群救助政策、修建更多公共住房和增加对穷人的政府补助等。

但受访者对财富再分配政策的反响不一,包括对富人加税和提供全民基本收入(UBI)等。

皮尤研究中心的报告称:“在调查的所有政策中,政府提供全民基本收入的政策得到的支持率最低。”

这种由政府支持的收入保障网在英国得到的支持率最高,有一半的受访者认为该政策非常重要。德国和法国约40%的受访者持同样观点,而美国只有33%。

对富人加税在英国也得到了最高的支持率,有48%的受访者表示该项政策非常重要。

在本次调查的四个国家中,意识形态上的“左翼”受访者比“右翼”受访者更有可能认为对富人加税非常重要。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

一项最新研究显示,在包括美国在内的多个大型经济体,许多人要求改革经济体制,并提出了从对富人加税到增强社会保障网等众多诉求。

皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)在2020年秋末的一项调查显示,法国对新经济体制的渴望最强烈,70%的受访者呼吁彻底改革经济体制。在美国、英国和德国,约50%的受访者认为本国应该大规模调整经济政策。

尽管具体政策措施仍然有分歧,但调查发现受访者对其中一个指标的态度基本一致:极少有人希望保持现状,在法国只有3%的受访者持这种观点,在美国只有12%。

受访者对政府发起的员工就业和技能培训反响热烈。其他很受欢迎的想法包括执行贫困人群救助政策、修建更多公共住房和增加对穷人的政府补助等。

但受访者对财富再分配政策的反响不一,包括对富人加税和提供全民基本收入(UBI)等。

皮尤研究中心的报告称:“在调查的所有政策中,政府提供全民基本收入的政策得到的支持率最低。”

这种由政府支持的收入保障网在英国得到的支持率最高,有一半的受访者认为该政策非常重要。德国和法国约40%的受访者持同样观点,而美国只有33%。

对富人加税在英国也得到了最高的支持率,有48%的受访者表示该项政策非常重要。

在本次调查的四个国家中,意识形态上的“左翼”受访者比“右翼”受访者更有可能认为对富人加税非常重要。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Across some major economies, including the U.S., a new study suggests large numbers of people are clamoring for changes in the economic systems that shape the world they live in, from raising taxes on the wealthiest to strengthening the social safety net.

According to a Pew Research Center survey conducted in the late fall of 2020, the desire for a new economic system was the strongest in France, where 70% of those polled called for an outright shift. In the U.S., U.K. and Germany, around 50% of respondents held the view that their countries were due for major changes in economic policy.

However, while there were still divides on exact policy measures, the survey found respondents were largely united on one particular measure: very few people want things to stay as they are, ranging from 3% in France to 12% in the U.S.

Those polled responded warmly to the idea of government-sponsored job and skills training for workers. Other popular ideas included implementing policies targeted at helping those struggling financially, building more public housing, and increasing government benefits to the poor.

Policies aimed at wealth redistribution—raising taxes on the rich and providing a universal basic income (UBI) at the opposite end—drew mixed responses.

"The idea of a government-provided UBI received the least support in each of the four countries among the policies in the survey," Pew Research said.

The idea of a government-backed income safety net drew the highest support in the U.K., where half of respondents felt it was very important. About 40% of Germans and French felt the same, whereas only 33% of Americans did.

Taxing the rich also got the highest support in the U.K., where 48% of those polled said it is a very important consideration.

In each of the four countries surveyed, those on the ideological left are more likely than those on the right to say it is very important that the national government raise taxes on the wealthy.

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