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拜登免除10亿美元学生贷款债务

拜登免除10亿美元学生贷款债务

ANDREW MARQUARDT 2021-03-19
这项措施是有限定条件的:仅适用于那些符合联邦法律中一条“借款人保护”标准、因而可以免债的借款人。

周四,美国教育部宣布将免除一部分学生的全部贷款,7.2万负债学生松了一口气。

这项措施是有限定条件的:仅适用于那些符合联邦法律中一条“借款人保护”标准的借款人,因而可以免债。该条款允许学生在其学校突然关闭,或被证实存在非法或欺骗行为时,可以不用偿还贷款。例如一些顶着“高校”旗头圈钱、结果被查封的“野鸡大学”,像ITT技术学院、科林斯学院等。该法律在2016年得到了奥巴马政府的支持。

然而,在特朗普总统任期内,时任教育部长贝茜·德沃斯(Betsy DeVos)却让学生们在遇到这类状况而想要免除自己的债务时,更加举步维艰。德沃斯说,这项法律对学生贷款借款人来说过于宽容,而这笔费用却要摊到纳税人头上——这对他们而言太过沉重。

在特朗普政府当权时,根据教育部的公告,这7.2万名借了贷款的学生已获得部分豁免。而现在,他们的贷款债务将被完全免除。

周四的举动标志着拜登再一次推翻了特朗普任期内的法律法规。

拜登政府的官员说,学生们在遇到学校突然“关门”、或被学校欺骗的状况时,德沃斯提出的学生贷款减免方案对他们是相当不公的,带来了不合理的困难。

教育部长米格尔·卡尔多纳(Miguel Cardona)在一份声明中说:“大学行为不端,那些贷款的学生也受到了伤害,而他们理应能通过一条更简便、更公正的途径来获得救济。”“在仔细审查这些索赔和相关证据时,我们发现,贷款学生深受其害,我们将让他们的债务翻篇。”

减免学生债务已成为民主党内高层人士的一个主要争议焦点。周一,两院议员——包括参议院多数党领袖查克·舒默(纽约州)和前民主党总统候选人伊丽莎白·沃伦(马萨诸塞州),都援引最近的疫情财政刺激方案中的一条——即到2025年,学生贷款减免都是免税的,敦促拜登发布总统行政命令,为每位学生免除最多5万美元的债务。

尽管拜登尚未做出让步,但周四的举措可能表明,他正有意根据“借款人保护”的相关条例来为一些人减免债务负担,而这只是一系列行动中的第一步。教育部表示,他们还计划进一步解决借款人申诉程序的问题,并考虑重新部署监管环节。

这并不是拜登第一次为人数高达4470万、贷款总额超过1.7万亿美元的美国学生减轻债务负担了。一月份,拜登就签署了一项行政命令,即考虑到疫情的特殊环境,将联邦学生贷款的支付期限宽限到10月。二月,他还敦促国会在疫情救济措施中,再为每个学生减免10,000美元的贷款债务。

其他减免学生贷款的措施,包括大规模地取消贷款,最终也可能会出台,但或许没那么快。民主党领导人在这一点上都纷纷表示赞同,但学生贷款减免计划尚未被众议院或参议院通过——即使两院现在都由民主党人控制。(财富中文网)

编译:陈聪聪

周四,美国教育部宣布将免除一部分学生的全部贷款,7.2万负债学生松了一口气。

这项措施是有限定条件的:仅适用于那些符合联邦法律中一条“借款人保护”标准的借款人,因而可以免债。该条款允许学生在其学校突然关闭,或被证实存在非法或欺骗行为时,可以不用偿还贷款。例如一些顶着“高校”旗头圈钱、结果被查封的“野鸡大学”,像ITT技术学院、科林斯学院等。该法律在2016年得到了奥巴马政府的支持。

然而,在特朗普总统任期内,时任教育部长贝茜·德沃斯(Betsy DeVos)却让学生们在遇到这类状况而想要免除自己的债务时,更加举步维艰。德沃斯说,这项法律对学生贷款借款人来说过于宽容,而这笔费用却要摊到纳税人头上——这对他们而言太过沉重。

在特朗普政府当权时,根据教育部的公告,这7.2万名借了贷款的学生已获得部分豁免。而现在,他们的贷款债务将被完全免除。

周四的举动标志着拜登再一次推翻了特朗普任期内的法律法规。

拜登政府的官员说,学生们在遇到学校突然“关门”、或被学校欺骗的状况时,德沃斯提出的学生贷款减免方案对他们是相当不公的,带来了不合理的困难。

教育部长米格尔·卡尔多纳(Miguel Cardona)在一份声明中说:“大学行为不端,那些贷款的学生也受到了伤害,而他们理应能通过一条更简便、更公正的途径来获得救济。”“在仔细审查这些索赔和相关证据时,我们发现,贷款学生深受其害,我们将让他们的债务翻篇。”

减免学生债务已成为民主党内高层人士的一个主要争议焦点。周一,两院议员——包括参议院多数党领袖查克·舒默(纽约州)和前民主党总统候选人伊丽莎白·沃伦(马萨诸塞州),都援引最近的疫情财政刺激方案中的一条——即到2025年,学生贷款减免都是免税的,敦促拜登发布总统行政命令,为每位学生免除最多5万美元的债务。

尽管拜登尚未做出让步,但周四的举措可能表明,他正有意根据“借款人保护”的相关条例来为一些人减免债务负担,而这只是一系列行动中的第一步。教育部表示,他们还计划进一步解决借款人申诉程序的问题,并考虑重新部署监管环节。

这并不是拜登第一次为人数高达4470万、贷款总额超过1.7万亿美元的美国学生减轻债务负担了。一月份,拜登就签署了一项行政命令,即考虑到疫情的特殊环境,将联邦学生贷款的支付期限宽限到10月。二月,他还敦促国会在疫情救济措施中,再为每个学生减免10,000美元的贷款债务。

其他减免学生贷款的措施,包括大规模地取消贷款,最终也可能会出台,但或许没那么快。民主党领导人在这一点上都纷纷表示赞同,但学生贷款减免计划尚未被众议院或参议院通过——即使两院现在都由民主党人控制。(财富中文网)

编译:陈聪聪

Seventy-two thousand student loan borrowers could breathe a sigh of relief Thursday, after the Department of Education announced they will have the entirety of their debt forgiven.

The move only applies to borrowers whose claims have already been approved under something called borrower defense to repayment, a federal law that allows students to have their loans cancelled if they attended a school that closed suddenly or was proven to take part in illegal or deceptive practices, such as ITT Technical Institute or Corinthian Colleges. The law was bolstered by the Obama administration in 2016.

Under President Trump, however, then-Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos made it harder for such students to have their debts forgiven. DeVos said the law was too generous to student loan borrowers and too costly for taxpayers.

The 72,000 student loan borrowers impacted by the Department of Education’s announcement already received partial loan forgiveness while the Trump Administration was still in office. Now, those loans will be fully forgiven.

Thursday’s action is another rollback of Trump-era laws and regulations by President Biden.

Officials in the Biden administration said the DeVos-led formula to cancel student loans in cases of deception or abrupt school closure made it unfairly difficult for borrowers.

“Borrowers deserve a simplified and fair path to relief when they have been harmed by their institution’s misconduct,” said Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona in a statement. “A close review of these claims and the associated evidence showed these borrowers have been harmed and we will grant them a fresh start from their debt.”

Forgiving student debt has become a major point of debate among leading Democrats. On Monday, Democrats of both chambers of Congress—including Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and former Democratic presidential candidate Elizabeth Warren, D-MA.—urged President Biden to issue executive orders canceling up to $50,000 in student debt, citing a provision in the recent Covid-19 relief stimulus package that made student loan forgiveness tax-free until 2025.

While President Biden has yet to budge, his action Thursday is likely just the first of many moves regarding the borrower defense to repayment law. The Department of Education said they also plan on further addressing the borrower defense application process and will pursue re-regulation.

And it’s not the first move Biden has made to help ease the burden on the 44.7 million Americans who owe student loans totaling over $1.7 trillion. In January, Biden signed an executive order extending the payment pause on federal student loans until October because of the pandemic. The next month, he urged Congress to include the cancelation of an additional $10,000 of federal student loan debt in pandemic relief measures.

Other moves regarding student loan forgiveness, including wide-scale loan cancellation, may still come but it likely won’t happen anytime soon. Democratic leaders are in favor, but a student loan forgiveness plan is yet to make it through either the Democratic-controlled House or Senate.

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