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从此以后,大科技公司的股票无法再给你带来回报

从此以后,大科技公司的股票无法再给你带来回报

Shawn Tully 2020-09-20
当前科技股的市盈率达到45倍,比2015年至2019年的平均市盈率涨了75%。

大型科技公司的股票走势,会影响大盘。

这是多年来的一个核心主题,并且在最近科技股暴跌和小幅回弹之后也被热烈讨论。在美国劳动节周末之前,纳斯达克指数的10只估值最高的股票均短暂创下历史新高。但不久之后,这些股票在9月15日收盘时下跌7.2%,市值较最高点蒸发了7,000亿美元。虽然绝大多数股票,包括股价低迷的金融股和航空股,在同一时期都表现出良好的韧性,但它们的数量和实力都不足以抵消科技业巨头的股票下跌对大盘的拖累。权力掌握在大型科技公司手中。

真实的情况是主力科技股定价严重过高,早该经历一次大幅下滑,还是科技股只是一时受挫?关于这个问题的辩论因为大盘科技股的暴跌自然变得更加激烈。事实上,大盘科技股自9月初下跌之后已经反弹,这意味着苹果(Apple)和特斯拉(Tesla)这些大盘股将开启新一轮的上涨行情。由于这些大名鼎鼎的公司基本上能够决定市场的方向,因此我们可以通过研究这些大盘股以往的走势,预测它们的未来行情。

五年前,大盘科技股或许并不便宜,但价格适中

我们在此次分析中研究了纳斯达克100指数中市值最高的10家科技公司。实际上,这10家公司共有11只股票,因为纳斯达克单独统计Alphabet的A类和B类股票。我们将这些公司视为一家单独的公司,将其命名为“StarTech”,然后研究过去五年股价、利润、股息和回购的变化,以及这些变化会对它们的未来走势形成哪些障碍。

为了更好地对比StarTech当前的表现和历史表现,我研究了从2015年至2019年每年9月30日的指标,以及截至今年9月15日的数据。这些基准数据基于每年7月初至次年6月底的表现,因为在9月末还没有可用的9月所在季度的业绩。《财富》杂志的统计学专家斯科特·戴卡洛为我提供了纳斯达克前十大科技股(即我们的StarTech)名单,包括它们在这些日期的市值和收益。我们选择的名称StarTech让我想起了一部备受观众喜爱的电视剧《星际迷航》(Star Trek)。我们能够明显看出,无论是StarTech还是《星际迷航》,多年来主演几乎没有变化,但配角却变化显著。

在2015年第三季度末,按照市值从高到低,StarTech中包含了苹果、Alphabet、微软(Microsoft)、Facebook、亚马逊(Amazon)、吉利德科学(Gilead Sciences)、英特尔(Intel)、思科(Cisco)、安进(Amgen)和新基制药(Celgene)。当时,未来成员特斯拉和英伟达(Nvidia)还没有进入大盘股的阵营,它们在纳斯达克100指数中分别排在第35位和第78位。当时,StarTech的总市值达到惊人的2.688万亿美元。我们将这个数字作为StarTech的“股票价格”。StarTech的多只成分股都是让人兴奋尖叫的股票,苹果的市盈率倍数为13,微软为17,吉利德为10,英特尔为13。在随后四个季度(7月至次年6月),StarTech的一般公认会计准则(新基制药)净收益总计达到1,410亿美元,因此市盈率倍数为19.1。真是让人怀念。

在截至2015年6月的四个季度,StarTech由苹果和微软牵头共支付股息274亿美元。因此其股息收益率为1.5%。它在股份回购上的支出几乎是股息的三倍,高达718亿美元,这似乎预示着即将有事情发生。这意味着,StarTech将总收益的70%,即992亿美元返还给了投资者。由于StarTech的市盈率倍数低于20,相对适中,因此StarTech仅通过发放股息和股份回购,就实现了3.7%的回报率(992亿美元除以其“价格”2.688万亿美元)。股息加回购的收益率为未来的获利奠定了坚实的基础,但在那之后,这个基础却开始崩塌。除了3.7%的回报以外,投资者可能希望可以从收益增长中获得额外的好处,或许能够提高市盈率,因为当时的基准市盈率为19倍,似乎意味着StarTech的市盈率仍然有提高的空间。我们会看到,正是市盈率的疯狂上涨,才让StarTech陷入当前的境地。

未来四年,配角更替,而StarTech的定价越来越高

三年后的2018年9月30日,除了英伟达和奈飞(Netflix)取代吉利德和新基制药以外,StarTech内的其他公司没有变化。当时,其“价格”或总市值已经暴涨123%,达到6万亿美元。两家收入丰厚的大型生物科技公司被有超高市盈率的新公司取代,帮助大幅提高了StarTech的价格。虽然收益增长36%,达到1,940亿美元,但其价格更大幅度的上涨,使市盈率上涨了三分之二,达到31倍。

令人意外的是,在随后的一年,StarTech失去了动力。不到一年前,截至2019年9月底,StarTech的估值小幅下降至5.948万亿美元,但收益增长18%,达到2,280亿美元。突然之间,StarTech的定价似乎变得更加合理,尽管它的价格依旧很高。出现这种情况有两个原因。第一,苹果凭借规模庞大但增长缓慢的利润奠定了基础,而谷歌和Facebook的收益齐头并进,持续增长。市盈率相对较低的创收大户英特尔、思科和德州仪器(TI)依旧是该组合的一部分,它们贡献了与估值不成比例的大量收益。然而,这次短暂的停顿只是一次股价爆炸式上涨的前奏,这次上涨是自2000年互联网泡沫破灭以来前所未见的。

去年,StarTech开始一路攀升

在短短11个月内,StarTech进入了一个会被中世纪的测绘员标记为“这里有龙”的区域。9月15日,其市值达到9.42万亿美元,较2019年9月增长了3.47万亿美元,涨幅高达58%。相比之下,收益却减少8%,降至2,090亿美元。这是因为微软和Alphabet的利润减少,苹果的利润几乎没有增长,特斯拉首日进入该阵营,英特尔、思科和德州仪器被英伟达、PayPal和奈飞取代,虽然大幅增加了市值,但增加的利润却微不足道。

结果是StarTech的市盈率从26倍升至45倍。在2015年的市盈率只有19倍。现在投资者为每一美元收益支付的成本比2015年增加了130%。

基本数学运算显示,从此以后,StarTech无法再给你带来回报

自2015年以来,StarTech的整体利润实际上表现非常出色,从1,450亿美元增长到2,090亿美元,涨幅高达44%,年比增长7.8%。StarTech的上涨空间被压缩,并且面临下跌的威胁,造成这种情况的原因是肆意上涨的股价,其上涨速度是利润的三倍。

今天,从StarTech分配而不是再投资的收益占比中可以看出,StarTech的管理比2015年变得更加保守。这与拥趸们心目中的大型科技公司的形象截然相反。他们将其想象成一台无与伦比的增长机器。从2019年年中至2020年年中,StarTech共发放股息300亿美元,占利润的14%。StarTech还投入巨资进行股份回购,在12个月内支出了约1,380亿美元,所以,它总计将80%的利润返还给了股东,而2015年这一比例为70%。五年前,每10美元收益中,会有3美元被重新投入到发展业务,但到2020年,这个数字已经减少到2美元。

虽然StarTech分配了更多现金,但它通过回购和发放股息给股东带来的回报却大幅减少,原因很简单:其股价上涨了两倍以上。StarTech的股息收益率从1.0%下降到0.32%,股份回购收益率从2.7%下降到1.5%,总收益率下降了一半,从3.7%降至1.8%。

拥趸们一直能够从大型科技公司获得两位数的收益,他们也期望未来仍然可以有如此丰厚的回报,因此股息和回购带来的1.8%的收益率显得暗淡无光。拥趸们含蓄地说,这些家喻户晓的公司将20%的收益用于发展业务,能够产生巨额回报。但他们实际上是在承认,这些公司另外80%的收益没有有利可图的投资方向,这让人感到沮丧。

让我们乐观地预测,未来五年,StarTech的总利润将以每年6%的速度增长。这一数字远低于2015年以来的7.8%。但请注意,StarTech再投资的利润占比比2015年低了10个百分点。此外,StarTech将继续由已经成熟(苹果、微软)或者正在快速成长(Alphabet)的中坚力量主导。收益增长6%意味着StarTech投入到新工厂、晶圆厂和收购的资金,回报率必须达到20%以上。

要实现这个目标,到2025年年中,StarTech的利润必须从2,090亿美元增加到2,790亿美元。如果这个目标实现,投资者将获得丰厚的回报,年度总回报率高达7.8%,其中利润增长6%,股息和回购的回报率为1.8%。但这些数据中包含一个非常乐观的假设:StarTech的市盈率倍数维持在当前高居不下的45倍。9月2日的下跌使其市盈率下降到高峰时期的50倍以下。

45倍市盈率比2015年至2019年的平均基准市盈率25.8上涨了75%。所以,慎重的投资者应该考虑,如果StarTech的市盈率倍数下降到30倍会发生什么。30倍仍然比五年基准市盈率高出16%。在这种情况下,StarTech的市值将从今天的9.42万亿美元下降到8.37万亿美元,降幅为11%。但经过回购之后流通股数量将减少约12%,这会让投资者受益,然而需要特别注意的是,新加入该阵营的特斯拉和奈飞正在增发股票,用于发展特许经营业务。所以,市值下降11%,意味着投资者的年度资本收益为1%。原因是虽然整体市值下降11%,但每股单价依旧会上涨1%(因为流通股减少了12%)。加上0.32%的股息收益率,总收益率接近1.5%。

这可算不上大型科技公司的拥趸们所渴望的丰厚回报。1.5%的回报率赶不上通货膨胀的上涨速度。如果市盈率倍数回落到25倍左右的平均水平,潜在收益率会变成零甚至负数。

当然,有一种情景能够拯救StarTech,这或许也是狂热粉丝们所期待的情景。他们对特斯拉、英伟达、奈飞、Adobe和PayPal等新进入该阵营的公司以及亚马逊寄予厚望,这五家公司的市盈率高达114倍。在股票市场的历史上很少有公司能够背负如此高的期望。StarTech要回馈投资者,只有丰厚的回报还不够,它还要做到精益求精。这就是问题所在。StarTech的伟大不在于它的业绩,而是人们对它的期望。(财富中文网)

译文:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

大型科技公司的股票走势,会影响大盘。

这是多年来的一个核心主题,并且在最近科技股暴跌和小幅回弹之后也被热烈讨论。在美国劳动节周末之前,纳斯达克指数的10只估值最高的股票均短暂创下历史新高。但不久之后,这些股票在9月15日收盘时下跌7.2%,市值较最高点蒸发了7,000亿美元。虽然绝大多数股票,包括股价低迷的金融股和航空股,在同一时期都表现出良好的韧性,但它们的数量和实力都不足以抵消科技业巨头的股票下跌对大盘的拖累。权力掌握在大型科技公司手中。

真实的情况是主力科技股定价严重过高,早该经历一次大幅下滑,还是科技股只是一时受挫?关于这个问题的辩论因为大盘科技股的暴跌自然变得更加激烈。事实上,大盘科技股自9月初下跌之后已经反弹,这意味着苹果(Apple)和特斯拉(Tesla)这些大盘股将开启新一轮的上涨行情。由于这些大名鼎鼎的公司基本上能够决定市场的方向,因此我们可以通过研究这些大盘股以往的走势,预测它们的未来行情。

五年前,大盘科技股或许并不便宜,但价格适中

我们在此次分析中研究了纳斯达克100指数中市值最高的10家科技公司。实际上,这10家公司共有11只股票,因为纳斯达克单独统计Alphabet的A类和B类股票。我们将这些公司视为一家单独的公司,将其命名为“StarTech”,然后研究过去五年股价、利润、股息和回购的变化,以及这些变化会对它们的未来走势形成哪些障碍。

为了更好地对比StarTech当前的表现和历史表现,我研究了从2015年至2019年每年9月30日的指标,以及截至今年9月15日的数据。这些基准数据基于每年7月初至次年6月底的表现,因为在9月末还没有可用的9月所在季度的业绩。《财富》杂志的统计学专家斯科特·戴卡洛为我提供了纳斯达克前十大科技股(即我们的StarTech)名单,包括它们在这些日期的市值和收益。我们选择的名称StarTech让我想起了一部备受观众喜爱的电视剧《星际迷航》(Star Trek)。我们能够明显看出,无论是StarTech还是《星际迷航》,多年来主演几乎没有变化,但配角却变化显著。

在2015年第三季度末,按照市值从高到低,StarTech中包含了苹果、Alphabet、微软(Microsoft)、Facebook、亚马逊(Amazon)、吉利德科学(Gilead Sciences)、英特尔(Intel)、思科(Cisco)、安进(Amgen)和新基制药(Celgene)。当时,未来成员特斯拉和英伟达(Nvidia)还没有进入大盘股的阵营,它们在纳斯达克100指数中分别排在第35位和第78位。当时,StarTech的总市值达到惊人的2.688万亿美元。我们将这个数字作为StarTech的“股票价格”。StarTech的多只成分股都是让人兴奋尖叫的股票,苹果的市盈率倍数为13,微软为17,吉利德为10,英特尔为13。在随后四个季度(7月至次年6月),StarTech的一般公认会计准则(新基制药)净收益总计达到1,410亿美元,因此市盈率倍数为19.1。真是让人怀念。

在截至2015年6月的四个季度,StarTech由苹果和微软牵头共支付股息274亿美元。因此其股息收益率为1.5%。它在股份回购上的支出几乎是股息的三倍,高达718亿美元,这似乎预示着即将有事情发生。这意味着,StarTech将总收益的70%,即992亿美元返还给了投资者。由于StarTech的市盈率倍数低于20,相对适中,因此StarTech仅通过发放股息和股份回购,就实现了3.7%的回报率(992亿美元除以其“价格”2.688万亿美元)。股息加回购的收益率为未来的获利奠定了坚实的基础,但在那之后,这个基础却开始崩塌。除了3.7%的回报以外,投资者可能希望可以从收益增长中获得额外的好处,或许能够提高市盈率,因为当时的基准市盈率为19倍,似乎意味着StarTech的市盈率仍然有提高的空间。我们会看到,正是市盈率的疯狂上涨,才让StarTech陷入当前的境地。

未来四年,配角更替,而StarTech的定价越来越高

三年后的2018年9月30日,除了英伟达和奈飞(Netflix)取代吉利德和新基制药以外,StarTech内的其他公司没有变化。当时,其“价格”或总市值已经暴涨123%,达到6万亿美元。两家收入丰厚的大型生物科技公司被有超高市盈率的新公司取代,帮助大幅提高了StarTech的价格。虽然收益增长36%,达到1,940亿美元,但其价格更大幅度的上涨,使市盈率上涨了三分之二,达到31倍。

令人意外的是,在随后的一年,StarTech失去了动力。不到一年前,截至2019年9月底,StarTech的估值小幅下降至5.948万亿美元,但收益增长18%,达到2,280亿美元。突然之间,StarTech的定价似乎变得更加合理,尽管它的价格依旧很高。出现这种情况有两个原因。第一,苹果凭借规模庞大但增长缓慢的利润奠定了基础,而谷歌和Facebook的收益齐头并进,持续增长。市盈率相对较低的创收大户英特尔、思科和德州仪器(TI)依旧是该组合的一部分,它们贡献了与估值不成比例的大量收益。然而,这次短暂的停顿只是一次股价爆炸式上涨的前奏,这次上涨是自2000年互联网泡沫破灭以来前所未见的。

去年,StarTech开始一路攀升

在短短11个月内,StarTech进入了一个会被中世纪的测绘员标记为“这里有龙”的区域。9月15日,其市值达到9.42万亿美元,较2019年9月增长了3.47万亿美元,涨幅高达58%。相比之下,收益却减少8%,降至2,090亿美元。这是因为微软和Alphabet的利润减少,苹果的利润几乎没有增长,特斯拉首日进入该阵营,英特尔、思科和德州仪器被英伟达、PayPal和奈飞取代,虽然大幅增加了市值,但增加的利润却微不足道。

结果是StarTech的市盈率从26倍升至45倍。在2015年的市盈率只有19倍。现在投资者为每一美元收益支付的成本比2015年增加了130%。

基本数学运算显示,从此以后,StarTech无法再给你带来回报

自2015年以来,StarTech的整体利润实际上表现非常出色,从1,450亿美元增长到2,090亿美元,涨幅高达44%,年比增长7.8%。StarTech的上涨空间被压缩,并且面临下跌的威胁,造成这种情况的原因是肆意上涨的股价,其上涨速度是利润的三倍。

今天,从StarTech分配而不是再投资的收益占比中可以看出,StarTech的管理比2015年变得更加保守。这与拥趸们心目中的大型科技公司的形象截然相反。他们将其想象成一台无与伦比的增长机器。从2019年年中至2020年年中,StarTech共发放股息300亿美元,占利润的14%。StarTech还投入巨资进行股份回购,在12个月内支出了约1,380亿美元,所以,它总计将80%的利润返还给了股东,而2015年这一比例为70%。五年前,每10美元收益中,会有3美元被重新投入到发展业务,但到2020年,这个数字已经减少到2美元。

虽然StarTech分配了更多现金,但它通过回购和发放股息给股东带来的回报却大幅减少,原因很简单:其股价上涨了两倍以上。StarTech的股息收益率从1.0%下降到0.32%,股份回购收益率从2.7%下降到1.5%,总收益率下降了一半,从3.7%降至1.8%。

拥趸们一直能够从大型科技公司获得两位数的收益,他们也期望未来仍然可以有如此丰厚的回报,因此股息和回购带来的1.8%的收益率显得暗淡无光。拥趸们含蓄地说,这些家喻户晓的公司将20%的收益用于发展业务,能够产生巨额回报。但他们实际上是在承认,这些公司另外80%的收益没有有利可图的投资方向,这让人感到沮丧。

让我们乐观地预测,未来五年,StarTech的总利润将以每年6%的速度增长。这一数字远低于2015年以来的7.8%。但请注意,StarTech再投资的利润占比比2015年低了10个百分点。此外,StarTech将继续由已经成熟(苹果、微软)或者正在快速成长(Alphabet)的中坚力量主导。收益增长6%意味着StarTech投入到新工厂、晶圆厂和收购的资金,回报率必须达到20%以上。

要实现这个目标,到2025年年中,StarTech的利润必须从2,090亿美元增加到2,790亿美元。如果这个目标实现,投资者将获得丰厚的回报,年度总回报率高达7.8%,其中利润增长6%,股息和回购的回报率为1.8%。但这些数据中包含一个非常乐观的假设:StarTech的市盈率倍数维持在当前高居不下的45倍。9月2日的下跌使其市盈率下降到高峰时期的50倍以下。

45倍市盈率比2015年至2019年的平均基准市盈率25.8上涨了75%。所以,慎重的投资者应该考虑,如果StarTech的市盈率倍数下降到30倍会发生什么。30倍仍然比五年基准市盈率高出16%。在这种情况下,StarTech的市值将从今天的9.42万亿美元下降到8.37万亿美元,降幅为11%。但经过回购之后流通股数量将减少约12%,这会让投资者受益,然而需要特别注意的是,新加入该阵营的特斯拉和奈飞正在增发股票,用于发展特许经营业务。所以,市值下降11%,意味着投资者的年度资本收益为1%。原因是虽然整体市值下降11%,但每股单价依旧会上涨1%(因为流通股减少了12%)。加上0.32%的股息收益率,总收益率接近1.5%。

这可算不上大型科技公司的拥趸们所渴望的丰厚回报。1.5%的回报率赶不上通货膨胀的上涨速度。如果市盈率倍数回落到25倍左右的平均水平,潜在收益率会变成零甚至负数。

当然,有一种情景能够拯救StarTech,这或许也是狂热粉丝们所期待的情景。他们对特斯拉、英伟达、奈飞、Adobe和PayPal等新进入该阵营的公司以及亚马逊寄予厚望,这五家公司的市盈率高达114倍。在股票市场的历史上很少有公司能够背负如此高的期望。StarTech要回馈投资者,只有丰厚的回报还不够,它还要做到精益求精。这就是问题所在。StarTech的伟大不在于它的业绩,而是人们对它的期望。(财富中文网)

译文:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

As Big Tech goes, so goes the market.

That's been the dominant theme for years, and that's the story of the recent selloff and mini-bounceback that followed. After the brief span just before Labor Day weekend, when all of the ten most valuable members of the Nasdaq hit all-time highs, the group dropped 7.2% by the close on September 15 close, shedding $700 billion in market cap from their peak. Though the vast majority of stocks––including beaten down financials and airlines––proved resilient over that period, their numbers and strength weren't nearly sufficient to offset the drag from the falling tech titans. It's Big Tech that wields the power.

Naturally, Big Tech's retrenchment has heightened the debate over whether its leaders are vastly overpriced and long overdue for a steep slide, or simply suffering a temporary stumble. Indeed, the group has rebounded since the initial drop in early September, showing that the Apples and Teslas may once again be on the march. Given that its marquee names pretty much set the market's direction, let's examine what Big Tech's past trajectory tells us about where where the group is headed.

Five years ago, Big Tech if not cheap, looked modestly priced

For this analysis, we'll study the ten highest-market-cap tech companies in the Nasdaq 100. That's actually 11 stocks, since the Nasdaq counts both Alphabet's A and B shares separately. We'll treat the entire group as a single company I'll label "StarTech," and see how its price, profits, dividends and buybacks have changed over the past five years, and what those changes mean for handicapping StarTech's future.

To best compare today's StarTech to its past versions, I look at its metrics on September 30 each year from 2015 to 2019, and those numbers as of September 15 of this year. These benchmark's are based on performance from the start July to the end of June, since results for the September quarters were not yet available at the end of that month. Fortune's statistical wizard Scott DeCarlo provided me with lists of the Nasdaq's tech Top Ten (our StarTech), including their market caps and earnings, on those dates. Our chosen name StarTech recalls a beloved sci-fi TV series, and it's remarkable that the top cast in both StarTech and Star Trek remained pretty much the same over the years, though for StarTech, the supporting players changed substantially.

At the end of Q3, 2015, StarTech encompassed, from high to low as measured by market cap, Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Facebook, Amazon, GileadSciences, Intel, Cisco, Amgen and Celgene. At the time, future members Tesla and Nvidia didn't come close to making the cut, ranking 35th and 78th respectively on the Nasdaq 100. StarTech's total market valuation then was an almost quaint $2.688 trillion. We'll treat that number as its "share price." Several of its components looked like screaming buys, with Apple featuring a price-to-earnings multiple of 13, and Microsoft at 17, Gilead at 10, and Intel at 13. All told, StarTech amassed $141 billion in GAAP net earnings over the trailing four quarters (July to June), and hence harbored a P/E of 19.1. Talk about retro.

Over the past four quarters ended in June 2015, StarTech paid out $27.4 billion in dividends led by Apple and Microsoft. That put its dividend yield at 1.5%. In a sign of things to come, it lavished almost three times that much, another $71.8 billion, on share repurchases. So StarTech was returning $99.2 billion, or 70% of total earnings, to investors. Because its P/E was a relatively modest sub-20, StarTech delivered a return of 3.7% in dividends and buybacks alone ($99.2 billion divided by its "price" of $2.688 trillion). That dividend-plus-repurchases yield provided a solid foundation for future gains, a foundation that's crumbled since. On top of that 3.7%, investors could expect extra juice from gains in earnings, and a perhaps a rising P/E, since its then-benchmark of 19 appeared to leave room for expansion. As we'll see, it was the moonshot in the P/E that put StarTech in its current box.

Over the next four years, the supporting cast changed, and StarTech got pricier

Three years later, on September 30, 2018, StarTech encompassed exactly the same businesses save two: Nvidia and Netflix replaced Gilead and Celgene. By then, its "price," or total market cap, had jumped 123% to $6.0 trillion. Having two big biotech earners supplanted by newcomers with giant P/Es helped render StarTech a lot more expensive. Although earnings rose 36% to $194 billion, the much bigger jump in its price raised the P/E by two-thirds, to 31.

Surprisingly, over the following year StarTech's momentum stalled. By the end of September, 2019, less than a year ago, its valuation stood a tad lower at $5.948 trillion, while earnings rose 18% to $228 billion. All of a sudden, StarTech was looking, if not like a bargain, somewhat more reasonably priced. The reason is two-fold. First, Apple was supplying a base of huge, though slowly growing profits, and Google and Facebook provided earnings that were both increasingly big, and racing ahead. Plus, Intel, Cisco and TI, big profit-makers with relatively low P/Es, were still part of the mix, contributing lots of earnings relative to their valuations. The pause, however, was just the prelude to an explosion in prices not witnessed since the bubble of 2000.

It's just in the past year that StarTech's went stratospheric

In just over 11 months, StarTech's has entered territory that medieval cartographers labeled, "Here Lie Dragons." On September 15, its market hit $9.42 trillion, a $3.47 or 58% increase over September of 2019. By contrast, earnings dropped 8% to $209 billion. That's because profits for Microsoft and Alphabet declined, Apple's barely grew, and the addition of Tesla for the first time, and replacement of Intel, Cisco and TI (by Nvidia, PayPal and Netflix) added huge market caps but puny profits.

The upshot: StarTech's P/E surged from 26 to 45. Investors are now paying 130% more for each dollar of earning than in 2015, when it's multiple was just 19.

Basic math says that StarTech won't make you money from here

StarTech's overall profits actually performed performed pretty well since 2015, rising from $145 billion to $209 billion, or 44%, a pace of 7.8% a year. What's capping the upside, and threatening a drop, is the rampaging price that's waxed three times as fast as profits.

Today, StarTech's being managed a lot more conservatively than in 2015, as shown by the share of earnings it's distributing instead of re-investing. That contradicts its fans portrayal of Big Tech as a matchless growth machine. From mid-2019 to mid-2020, StarTech paid $30 billion in dividends, amounting to 14% of profits. The big money went to buybacks; StarTech spent an estimated $138 billion in repurchases over those twelve months, so all told, it returned 80% of total profits to shareholders, versus 70% in 2015. While it plowed back $3 of every $10 in earnings to grow the business five years ago, that number shrank to $2 by 2020.

Even though it's distributing a lot more cash, StarTech is offering a far lower juice from buybacks and dividends for a simple reason: Its price has more than tripled. Its dividend yield has fallen from 1.0% to .32%, while the kick from repurchases has dwindled from 2.7% to 1.5%, halving the total yield provided by both from 3.7% to 1.8%.

A 1.8% return from dividends and buyback pales beside the kind of double-digit gains that fans have been garnering from Big Tech, and that they expect in the future. By implication, the believers are saying that these vaunted names will generate enormous returns on the 20% of earnings they're keeping to grow the business. It's not encouraging that they're essentially admitting they have no profitable places to invest the other 80% of their earnings.

Let's make the optimistic forecast that total StarTech's total profits will rise at 6% a year over the next half-decade. That's well below the 7.8% since 2015. But keep in mind that it's reinvesting a share of its profits that's ten-points lower. In addition, the group will continue to be dominated by stalwarts that are either mature (Apple, Microsoft), or getting there fast (Alphabet). And achieving 6% earnings growth means that StarTech will need to generate 20%-plus returns on the dollars it channels into new plants, fabs, and acquisitions.

Getting there means StarTech must raise profits from $209 billion to $279 billion by mid-2025. If that happens, investors would pocket a decent annual total return of 7.8%, 6% from increasing profits and 1.8% from dividends and buybacks. But those numbers incorporate a hugely positive assumption: That StarTech's P/E remains at its current, highly elevated level of 45. The selloff brought that number down from 50 at the peak on September 2.

A multiple of 45 is seventy-five percent higher than the 2015 to 2019 average benchmark of 25.8. So prudent investors should ask what would happen if StarTech's P/E fell to 30, which is still 16% above the five-year norm. In that case, its market cap would fall from today's $9.42 trillion to $8.37 trillion, or 11%. But investors would benefit from a shrinkage in shares outstanding courtesy of all the buybacks, which would cut the count by around 12%, although it's important to note that newcomers Tesla and Netflix are floating more shares to expand their franchises. So the 11% drop in the valuation would leave investors with a 1% annual capital gain. The reason: Though the total market cap would be 11% lower, the price per share (because there's 12% fewer of them), would still be 1% higher. Add the .32% dividend yield, and the total return would be just under 1.5%.

Those aren't the sumptuous gains big tech partisans are counting on. A 1.5% return loses to inflation. If the P/E drops back to its mid-20s average, those potential returns would to go zero or turn negative.

Of course, one scenario could bail out StarTech, and maybe it's the one the zealots are counting on. They're placing gigantic expectations on newcomers Tesla, Nvidia, Netflix, Adobe, and PayPal, not to mention Amazon, a gang of five that's selling at 114 times earnings. Few groups in stock market history have been accorded such great expectations. For StarTech to pay off, they'll have to deliver not just big, but bigger than big. That's the problem. What's great about StarTech isn't its performance. It's the expectations.

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