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美国国土安全部:疫情期间,这14个行业绝对不能停工

美国国土安全部:疫情期间,这14个行业绝对不能停工

Terry Collins 2020-03-25
这份清单是一个建议性清单,并非美国联邦政府的指令。

美国国土安全部近期给出了对抗疫情期间“关键”行业和工种的名单。约翰斯·霍普金斯大学新型冠状病毒追踪机构在上周五称,这份清单是一个建议性清单,并非联邦政府的指令。

特朗普总统周一说:“如果你在国土安全部所定义的关键基础设施行业工作,例如医疗服务、制药和食品供应,那么你便肩负着维持自身正常工作计划的特殊责任。”

与此同时,根据国土安全部网络安全与基础设施安全局的划分,被认定为关键基础设施行业工作共有14个工种,包括:

医疗与公共卫生

医院与实验室人员、护工、心理健康工作者、医生、护士、研究人员、药剂师、牙医、社会服务人员以及殡仪馆和公墓工作人员。

执法、公共安全和现场急救人员

应急管理员工,包括警察、消防员、护理人员和急诊医疗技师。该清单还包括911呼叫中心员工,以及那些负责应急服务操作的人员。

食品与农业工人

食品与农业工人包括那些在百货店、药店、餐馆(包括送货司机)、公司食堂、畜牧养殖工人以及食品和饮料行业。农民、食品加工工人、仓库工人和食品卡车运输司机也在清单之中。

能源行业员工

该门类包括公用设施、电信员工、天然气/丙烷员工、电力行业、工程师、网络安全/风险管理员工和环境修复行业。

水务及废水处理

需要操作和维护饮用水以及废水/排水基础设施的雇员。

运输与物流

包括公共交通行业员工、汽车修理和维护工人、环卫工人、邮政和快递员、空中交通管制人员、空运员工、调度员以及维护和修理技师,仓库员工、卡车停车站和休息区域员工,以及维护和检查基础设施的员工。

市政工程

公共行业雇员指的是操作、检查和维护大坝、水闸、防洪堤和桥的人员。它还包括监管下水道主管线抢修、交通信号和地下公用设施的员工。

通讯与信息技术

技术人员、运营商、呼叫中心、有线/无线通讯服务提供商、电缆服务提供商、卫星运营商以及通讯设备制造商和经销商。为无线电、电视和媒体服务提供支持的员工亦在名单之列,包括搜集和报道新闻的新闻记者、工作室和技术人员。其他人员还包括数据中心操作员工、高压交流电和电气工程师、安保、IT经理、软硬件工程师以及数据库管理人员。

其他基于社区的政府运行和重要功能

选举员工、建筑工人、安保人员、贸易官员、天气预报人员、海关和教育行业雇员。

关键制造

物资和产品制造领域必要的员工,包括医疗供应链、运输、能源、通讯、食品和农业、化学物品生产、核设施,水坝、水及废水处理操作、应急服务和国防工业基地。

危险物资

核设施员工、管理医疗废物的员工、管理制药和医疗物资生产废物的员工,以及在实验室处理测试试剂的员工。

金融服务

银行雇员和其他金融/借贷机构,以及确保自动取款机正常工作的服务人员。

化工行业工人

为化学和工业气体供应链提供支持的工人,包括化学产品制造工厂员工、实验室员工、输送设施员工、为工业和消费品生产商运输基础化学原材料的员工,这些消费品包括洗手液、食品和食品添加剂、医药、纺织和纸类产品。

国防工业基地

为联邦政府和美国军队保障国家安全所必需服务提供支持的员工。这些人员包括但不限于,航空、机械和软件工程师、制造/生产工人;IT支持;安保人员;安全人员;情报支持;飞机和武器系统机械师和维护师。

为公司和其转包商工作的员工,这些员工按照与国防部的合同提供物资和服务,对象包括国防部、政府所有或承包商运营以及政府所有或政府运营的设施。(财富中文网)

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

美国国土安全部近期给出了对抗疫情期间“关键”行业和工种的名单。约翰斯·霍普金斯大学新型冠状病毒追踪机构在上周五称,这份清单是一个建议性清单,并非联邦政府的指令。

特朗普总统周一说:“如果你在国土安全部所定义的关键基础设施行业工作,例如医疗服务、制药和食品供应,那么你便肩负着维持自身正常工作计划的特殊责任。”

与此同时,根据国土安全部网络安全与基础设施安全局的划分,被认定为关键基础设施行业工作共有14个工种,包括:

医疗与公共卫生

医院与实验室人员、护工、心理健康工作者、医生、护士、研究人员、药剂师、牙医、社会服务人员以及殡仪馆和公墓工作人员。

执法、公共安全和现场急救人员

应急管理员工,包括警察、消防员、护理人员和急诊医疗技师。该清单还包括911呼叫中心员工,以及那些负责应急服务操作的人员。

食品与农业工人

食品与农业工人包括那些在百货店、药店、餐馆(包括送货司机)、公司食堂、畜牧养殖工人以及食品和饮料行业。农民、食品加工工人、仓库工人和食品卡车运输司机也在清单之中。

能源行业员工

该门类包括公用设施、电信员工、天然气/丙烷员工、电力行业、工程师、网络安全/风险管理员工和环境修复行业。

水务及废水处理

需要操作和维护饮用水以及废水/排水基础设施的雇员。

运输与物流

包括公共交通行业员工、汽车修理和维护工人、环卫工人、邮政和快递员、空中交通管制人员、空运员工、调度员以及维护和修理技师,仓库员工、卡车停车站和休息区域员工,以及维护和检查基础设施的员工。

市政工程

公共行业雇员指的是操作、检查和维护大坝、水闸、防洪堤和桥的人员。它还包括监管下水道主管线抢修、交通信号和地下公用设施的员工。

通讯与信息技术

技术人员、运营商、呼叫中心、有线/无线通讯服务提供商、电缆服务提供商、卫星运营商以及通讯设备制造商和经销商。为无线电、电视和媒体服务提供支持的员工亦在名单之列,包括搜集和报道新闻的新闻记者、工作室和技术人员。其他人员还包括数据中心操作员工、高压交流电和电气工程师、安保、IT经理、软硬件工程师以及数据库管理人员。

其他基于社区的政府运行和重要功能

选举员工、建筑工人、安保人员、贸易官员、天气预报人员、海关和教育行业雇员。

关键制造

物资和产品制造领域必要的员工,包括医疗供应链、运输、能源、通讯、食品和农业、化学物品生产、核设施,水坝、水及废水处理操作、应急服务和国防工业基地。

危险物资

核设施员工、管理医疗废物的员工、管理制药和医疗物资生产废物的员工,以及在实验室处理测试试剂的员工。

金融服务

银行雇员和其他金融/借贷机构,以及确保自动取款机正常工作的服务人员。

化工行业工人

为化学和工业气体供应链提供支持的工人,包括化学产品制造工厂员工、实验室员工、输送设施员工、为工业和消费品生产商运输基础化学原材料的员工,这些消费品包括洗手液、食品和食品添加剂、医药、纺织和纸类产品。

国防工业基地

为联邦政府和美国军队保障国家安全所必需服务提供支持的员工。这些人员包括但不限于,航空、机械和软件工程师、制造/生产工人;IT支持;安保人员;安全人员;情报支持;飞机和武器系统机械师和维护师。

为公司和其转包商工作的员工,这些员工按照与国防部的合同提供物资和服务,对象包括国防部、政府所有或承包商运营以及政府所有或政府运营的设施。(财富中文网)

译者:冯丰

审校:夏林

As more states like California and New York are ordering its millions of residents to stay home because of the coronavirus, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has listed which industries and workers are “essential” to fighting the pandemic.

The list of essential employees—which is advisory, not a federal directive—was made as the U.S. has more than 16,000 confirmed cases of the virus, according to the Johns Hopkins University coronavirus tracker on Friday.

“If you work in a critical infrastructure industry, as defined by the Department of Homeland Security, such as health care services and pharmaceutical and food supply, you have a special responsibility to maintain your normal work schedule,” President Donald Trump said Monday.

And, according to the DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), there are 14 employment categories that the agency identifies as Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers. These include:

Health care and public health workers

Hospital and laboratory personnel, caregivers, mental health workers, doctors, nurses, researchers, pharmacists, dentists, social workers, technicians, as well as funeral home and cemetery workers.

Law enforcement, public safety, and first responders

Emergency management personnel, including police officers, firefighters, paramedics, and emergency medical technicians. The list also includes 911 call center workers and those who oversee emergency service operations.

Food and agriculture workers

Food and agriculture workers include those who work in grocery stores, pharmacies, restaurants (including delivery drivers), company cafeterias, animal agriculture workers, and the food and beverage industries. Farmers, food processing workers, warehouse workers, and food truck delivery drivers are also on the list.

Energy employees

This category includes utilities, telecommunications staffers, natural gas/propane workers, the electricity industry, engineers, cybersecurity/risk management staff, and environmental remediation.

Water and wastewater

Employees needed to operate and maintain drinking water and wastewater/drainage infrastructure.

Transportation and logistics

This includes mass transit workers, auto repair and maintenance workers, trash collectors, postal and shipping workers, air traffic controllers, air transportation employees, dispatchers, maintenance and repair technicians, warehouse workers, truck stop and rest area workers, and workers who maintain and inspect infrastructure.

Public works

Public works employees who operate, inspect and maintain dams, locks, levees, and bridges. This also includes workers who oversee sewer main breaks, traffic signals and buried/underground utilities.

Communications and information technology

Technicians, operators, call centers, wireline and wireless providers, cable service providers, satellite operations, and manufacturers and distributors of communications equipment. Workers who support radio, television, and media service, including news reporters, studio, and technicians for news gathering and reporting, are also included in this category, as well as data center operators, HVAC and electrical engineers, security personnel, IT managers, software and hardware engineers, and database administrators.

Other community-based government operations and essential functions

Elections personnel, building employees, security staff, trade officials, weather forecasters, customs workers, and educators.

Critical manufacturing

Workers necessary for the manufacturing of materials and products needed for medical supply chains, transportation, energy, communications, food and agriculture, chemical manufacturing, nuclear facilities, the operation of dams, water and wastewater treatment, emergency services, and the defense industrial base.

Hazardous materials

Workers at nuclear facilities, workers managing medical waste, workers managing waste from pharmaceuticals and medical material production, and workers at laboratories processing test kits.

Financial services

Bank employees and other financial/lending institutions, as well as those needed to keep ATM services available to consumers.

Chemical workers

Workers supporting the chemical and industrial gas supply chains, including workers at chemical manufacturing plants, workers in laboratories, workers at distribution facilities, workers who transport basic raw chemical materials to the producers of industrial and consumer goods, including hand sanitizers, food and food additives, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and paper products.

Defense industrial base

Workers who support the essential services required to meet national security commitments to the federal government and U.S. military. These individuals, include but are not limited to aerospace; mechanical and software engineers, manufacturing/production workers; IT support; security staff; security personnel; intelligence support, aircraft and weapon systems mechanics and maintainers.

Personnel working for companies, and their subcontractors, who perform under contract to the Department of Defense providing materials and services to the Department of Defense, as well as government-owned/contractor-operated and government-owned/government-operated facilities.

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