哪些工作和技能最热门？领英最新报告起底

职业社交媒体领英发布了最新的2018年美国新兴就业报告，评选出全国增长最快的职业和技能。

领英最新报告展示，得益于经济扩张，美国就业市场强劲，薪资水平大幅增长。领英预计，2019年用人单位将对高技能人才展开更加激烈的争夺。

然而，人才市场火爆能持续多久尚且存疑。今年9月，美国失业率降至3.7%，创下近50年来新低。但在10月，《财富》杂志的高级编辑杰夫·科尔文指出，不管失业率何时能触及60年来低点，美国经济都将不可避免进入衰退，通胀也会回升。

今年11月，美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔也警告称，当前存在移民危机，美国又限制移民进入并就业，劳动力增长将受阻，从长远来看也可能拖累美国经济增速。

领英报告的数据来自其分析平台“经济图表与人才洞察”，该报告主要追踪企业急需的岗位、岗位所需技能，以及过去五年出现的新工作。以下数据是报告中的一些重大发现：

五大新兴职业

1、 区块链开发员（33倍增长）

2、 机器学习工程师（12倍增长）

3、 应用销售主管（8倍增长）

4、 机器学习专家（6倍增长）

5、 专业医疗代表（6倍增长）

五大热门技能（最大技能差距）

1、 语言交流

2、 人员管理

3、 社交媒体

4、 开发工具

5、 业务管理

新兴职业专业人士主修的五大专业

1、 工商管理

2、 心理学

3、 通识教育

4、 财会

5、 市场营销

五大需求增长最快的职位（根据招聘）

1、 软件工程师：当前空缺职位：8万以上

2、 客户专员：当前空缺职位：1.6万以上

3、 房地产经纪人：当前空缺职位：2000以上

4、 客户经理：当前空缺职位：1.7万以上

5、 招聘专员：当前空缺职位：8000以上

最近几年人工智能的热度节节上升，相关领域人才需求占绝对优势可能不算意外，不过今年的形势特别突出。领英的图表显示，15个新兴职业中的六个都和人工智能有关。

尽管如此，行政助理之类的任何公司都需要的岗位增速仍然很快。与此同时，时间管理和语言交流等基本技能的需求还是很高。

随着特朗普政府与中国的贸易战持续，预测2019年美国企业的情况比较困难。虽然有90天时间暂缓加征关税的喘息期，很多美国企业还在努力提醒投资者，2019年有可能增长乏力。（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

LinkedIn just published its U.S. Emerging Jobs Report for 2018, measuring the fastest growing jobs and skills nationwide.

Banking off an economic boom, the takeaways from the professional social network’s latest report tout big numbers for wage growth matched by a strong job market. LinkedIn says the race to recruit highly-skilled talent is especially competitive going into 2019.

Yet, it’s debatable as to how long this run will last. Unemployment in the U.S. fell to 3.7% in September—the lowest point in almost 50 years. But as Fortune‘s Geoff Colvin pointed out the following month, whenever unemployment has dipped this low in the past 60 years, a recession inevitably follows and inflation surges.

Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell also warned in November that the current immigration crisis and reducing the number of immigrants allowed to enter the country and gain employment could slow the economy in the long run as it will prohibit growth in the U.S. labor force.

The report, based on data from LinkedIn’s Economic Graph and Talent Insights analytics platform, tracks roles that companies are rapidly hiring for, the skills associated with those jobs, and new roles that have emerged over the last five years. Here’s a rundown on the top findings from the report:

Top Five Emerging Jobs

1. Blockchain Developer (33x growth)

2. Machine Learning Engineer (12x growth)

3. Application Sales Executive (8x growth)

4. Machine Learning Specialist (6x growth)

5. Professional Medical Representative (6x growth)

Top Five In-Demand Skills (Biggest Skills Gap)

1. Oral Communications

2. People Management

3. Social Media

4. Development Tools

5. Business Management

Top Five Majors for Professionals in Emerging Jobs

1. Business Administration and Management

2. Psychology

3. General Studies

4. Accounting

5. Marketing

Top Five Fastest Growing Job Titles (by hire)

1. Software Engineer: Current Job Openings: 80,000+

2. Account Executive: Current Job Openings: 16,000+

3. Realtor: Current Job Openings: 2,000+

4. Account Manager: Current Job Openings: 17,000+

5. Recruiter: Current Job Openings: 8,000+

Maybe not a surprise given the buzz surrounding it the last few years but especially palpable in 2018, artificial intelligence dominated the LinkedIn charts with six out of 15 emerging jobs related to the field.

Nevertheless, openings for well-established and necessary roles in any office space, such as administrative assistants, are still growing at a rapid clip as basic skills such as time management and oral communication continue to be cited as some of the most in-demand skills.

Predicting what 2019 will look like for businesses has been difficult given the ongoing trade war between the Trump Administration and China. Even with a 90-day reprieve from increasing tariffs, many American companies are trying to prepare investors to brace themselves for a lackluster 2019.