10个当下最难填补的就业缺口

数据科学家的平均年薪为12.8万美元。财务顾问的工资是8.9万美元。注册护士的年收入为6.8万美元。尽管这些岗位的薪水都在平均水准之上，但符合要求的人数却还不够。

这是求职门户网站CareerCast上上周四年度报告里发布的数据。该网站利用美国劳工统计局的数据和相关的行业资源，追踪了200种工作并找出了人员需求量最高的十大领域。

在2017年的报告中，卡车司机和信息安全分析师取代了营销经理和电气工程师，占据了前十的位置。它们如今加入了家庭健康护理、理疗师和软件工程师的行列，后几个岗位对人员的需求，在未来七年内预计会有两位数的增长。

Data scientists earn $128,000 as a median salary. Financial advisors make $89,000. Registered nurses bring in about $68,000. While these are above-average salaries, there aren’t enough workers to meet demand for these jobs.

That’s according to an annual report released Thursday by job search portal CareerCast. Using recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and related industry sources, CareerCast tracks 200 jobs and pulls out the 10 most in-demand fields.

In its 2017 report, trucker and information security analyst displaced marketing managers and electrical engineers in the top 10 list. They now join home health aides, physical therapists, and software engineers, where demand for workers is expected to grow in the double digits over the next seven years.

那么为何存在供需差异？Career Cast的在线内容编辑凯尔·肯辛表示，本质上说，就是拥有资质的员工不足，难以满足技术要求较高的岗位。例如，数据科学家和信息安全分析师都是新职业，学院和大学没有培养足够拥有必要技能的毕业生。与之类似，婴儿潮一代是除千禧一代外最大的一批人群，随着他们开始衰老，医疗需求日益增长，家庭健康护理和注册护士所在的领域也前所未有地蓬勃发展起来。根据Careercast的数据，护理行业有着所有领域中最大的缺口，到2024年可能额外需要44万从业者加入。

相比之下，卡车运输不需要从业者接受高等教育，却由于金融危机给交通运输带来的打击挥之不去而受到影响。肯辛表示，该领域的从业者纷纷另谋高就，导致经济好转后出现人员缺口。他说，未来七年内，这一行业还需要10万人。

我们可以预计，上述许多趋势还将延续下去。

肯辛称：“信息技术和医疗是劳动力的中坚力量。”（财富中文网）

译者：严匡正

So why the gap between supply and demand? Essentially there aren’t enough qualified workers for the more skilled professions, says Kyle Kensing, online content editor for Career C ast. For example, even though data scientist and information security analyst are essentially new professions, colleges and universities aren’t churning out enough graduates with the necessary skills to keep pace with openings, he says. Similarly, home health aides and registered nurses are in an ever-expanding field because the Baby Boom generation, the largest after millennials, is moving into old age and has growing health care needs. Nursing for example has the single most openings of all careers, and is expected to need an additional 440,000 workers by 2024, according to Careercast.

By contrast, trucking, which does not require an advanced education, is suffering from the lingering effects of the financial crisis, when the transportation industry took a hit. According to Kensing, people in the field left for other types of work, leaving a worker gap as the economy improved. The industry will need an additional 100,000 workers in the next seven years, he says.

And we can expect a continuation of many of these trends going forward.

“IT and healthcare will be the backbones of the workforce,” Kensing says.