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拓宽人脉是职业发展的关键所在,而白人男性在这方面依旧占有先机

拓宽人脉是职业发展的关键所在,而白人男性在这方面依旧占有先机

MEGAN LEONHARDT 2023-03-31
过去三年,女性和有色人种也在加大投入。只是巨大的差距依旧存在。

在热门电视剧《办公室》中,约翰·卡拉辛斯基(左)(饰演吉姆·哈柏特)和史蒂夫·加瑞尔(饰演迈克尔·斯科特)正在开会。图片来源:PHOTO BY JUSTIN LUBIN/NBCU PHOTO BANK/NBCUNIVERSAL VIA GETTY IMAGES VIA GETTY IMAGE

拓展人脉的过程总少不了痛苦的闲聊和名片交换。但对于许多美国人而言,这种做法已经过时,取而代之的是在领英(LinkedIn)上与行业前辈交流,或者发推文说自己正在找工作,而且这样做同样有效。

去年,几乎四分之一上班族通过职业联系人了解工作或查找新岗位。2022年《求职者全国报告》(Job Seeker Nation Report)显示,约40%的受访者使用过LinkedIn和Facebook等社交媒体网站。事实上,LinkedIn最近向《财富》杂志分享的数据显示,上班族在一家公司已经有联系人时,在该公司得到岗位的概率提高了四倍。

LinkedIn职业专家安德鲁·麦卡斯基尔对《财富》杂志表示:“人脉有助于获得就业机会,同时人脉也是职业发展的一个强大工具。”他表示,即使“弱关系”,即与你在生活中没有密切关系的联系人,例如LinkedIn上的第三级联系人,依旧可以起到巨大的作用,帮你打开局面。

麦卡斯基尔表示,虽然在拓展人脉方面,白人上班族通常占据主导地位,但过去三年,女性和有色人种也在加大投入。只是巨大的差距依旧存在。

2022年5月至8月期间,LinkedIn上的黑人上班族平均每月结交的联系人,较一年前增加了50%。拉丁裔上班族同期每月联系人增长率约为40%。

麦卡斯基尔表示,总体上,在2022年,黑人上班族的联系人平均增加了11%。但这依旧落后于白人上班族。去年,白人上班族在LinkedIn上的联系人数量,比黑人多17%,比拉丁裔多26%。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“差距正在缩小,但速度不够快。”LinkedIn的数据显示,虽然有80%的黑人和拉丁裔职场人士相信,职场人脉在找工作时至关重要,但只有不到四分之一的上班族会依靠人脉网络找新工作。因此可以说,认知和行动的脱节情况依旧存在。

LinkedIn发现,在性别方面,男性每个月新增的联系人平均比女性多26%。日积月累之后,男性的联系人数量比女性多46%,比例接近2∶1。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“男性拓展人脉的速度更快。”他表示,这对于长期职业发展和就业稳定性至关重要。他说道:“你的圈子越大,获得经济机会的可能性越高。”

人脉的规模很重要,多样化也同样重要

麦卡斯基尔表示,有色人种和女性上班族在拓展职场人脉方面确实进展缓慢,但联系人的数量并不是唯一重要的因素。上班族还需要确保人脉得多样化。

他说道:“我们倾向于与熟悉的人建立联系。”例如,许多女性对于将陌生人添加到自己的人脉,通常会感到有些惶恐。

虽然这是人的本性,但同质化的人脉效果较差。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“建立多元化人脉一方面是找到能够帮助你的人,不只是发现就业机会,而是解码文化。与来自不同背景的人们建立联系,可以帮助你摆脱孤立,以及有色人种在白人主导的领域工作时有时会遭遇的‘样板主义’现象。”

他表示,工作在很多方面与文化息息相关。上班族经常被要求参加与同事和客户的会议甚至娱乐活动。上班族如何应对这种状况,可能对职业发展产生影响。但如果你有多样化的人脉,就可以向联系人征求建议和指导。麦卡斯基尔称,别人的建议和指导可以帮助你树立信心,让你掌握以前并不具备的能力。

麦卡斯基尔表示,在与别人建立联系的时候,尤其是在LinkedIn上,你不需要是对方的午餐伙伴或者长期同事。但他建议,要积极主动并且尽可能让对方感受到温暖,这会对你有所帮助,尤其是当对方在你感兴趣的公司任职时,或者当你希望对方作为你的证明人和推荐人时。这意味着要不时与对方打招呼。而维护人脉一定会带来回报。

多样化的人脉还有助于拓展你的关系网。麦卡斯基尔表示,令人感到悲哀的情况依旧存在:通过黑人推荐人求职时,入职一家公司的概率可能低于通过白人推荐人进行求职。他说道:“这就是现实,是生活在一个存在系统性种族歧视的社会的悲哀。这或许不是一条有趣的见解。但在你认识到这一点后,你就有能力改变自己的人脉,用更具战略性的眼光来看待它。意识到这一点,你更有可能遇到贵人。”

另一方面,麦卡斯基尔表示,对于领导者而言,尤其是职场白人男性和白人女性,将与他们不同的人群纳入自己的人脉非常重要。“对三级、四级甚至五级以上联系人来说,花一点精力建立多样化的人脉,对其职业发展可能会大有裨益。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

拓展人脉的过程总少不了痛苦的闲聊和名片交换。但对于许多美国人而言,这种做法已经过时,取而代之的是在领英(LinkedIn)上与行业前辈交流,或者发推文说自己正在找工作,而且这样做同样有效。

去年,几乎四分之一上班族通过职业联系人了解工作或查找新岗位。2022年《求职者全国报告》(Job Seeker Nation Report)显示,约40%的受访者使用过LinkedIn和Facebook等社交媒体网站。事实上,LinkedIn最近向《财富》杂志分享的数据显示,上班族在一家公司已经有联系人时,在该公司得到岗位的概率提高了四倍。

LinkedIn职业专家安德鲁·麦卡斯基尔对《财富》杂志表示:“人脉有助于获得就业机会,同时人脉也是职业发展的一个强大工具。”他表示,即使“弱关系”,即与你在生活中没有密切关系的联系人,例如LinkedIn上的第三级联系人,依旧可以起到巨大的作用,帮你打开局面。

麦卡斯基尔表示,虽然在拓展人脉方面,白人上班族通常占据主导地位,但过去三年,女性和有色人种也在加大投入。只是巨大的差距依旧存在。

2022年5月至8月期间,LinkedIn上的黑人上班族平均每月结交的联系人,较一年前增加了50%。拉丁裔上班族同期每月联系人增长率约为40%。

麦卡斯基尔表示,总体上,在2022年,黑人上班族的联系人平均增加了11%。但这依旧落后于白人上班族。去年,白人上班族在LinkedIn上的联系人数量,比黑人多17%,比拉丁裔多26%。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“差距正在缩小,但速度不够快。”LinkedIn的数据显示,虽然有80%的黑人和拉丁裔职场人士相信,职场人脉在找工作时至关重要,但只有不到四分之一的上班族会依靠人脉网络找新工作。因此可以说,认知和行动的脱节情况依旧存在。

LinkedIn发现,在性别方面,男性每个月新增的联系人平均比女性多26%。日积月累之后,男性的联系人数量比女性多46%,比例接近2∶1。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“男性拓展人脉的速度更快。”他表示,这对于长期职业发展和就业稳定性至关重要。他说道:“你的圈子越大,获得经济机会的可能性越高。”

人脉的规模很重要,多样化也同样重要

麦卡斯基尔表示,有色人种和女性上班族在拓展职场人脉方面确实进展缓慢,但联系人的数量并不是唯一重要的因素。上班族还需要确保人脉得多样化。

他说道:“我们倾向于与熟悉的人建立联系。”例如,许多女性对于将陌生人添加到自己的人脉,通常会感到有些惶恐。

虽然这是人的本性,但同质化的人脉效果较差。

麦卡斯基尔表示:“建立多元化人脉一方面是找到能够帮助你的人,不只是发现就业机会,而是解码文化。与来自不同背景的人们建立联系,可以帮助你摆脱孤立,以及有色人种在白人主导的领域工作时有时会遭遇的‘样板主义’现象。”

他表示,工作在很多方面与文化息息相关。上班族经常被要求参加与同事和客户的会议甚至娱乐活动。上班族如何应对这种状况,可能对职业发展产生影响。但如果你有多样化的人脉,就可以向联系人征求建议和指导。麦卡斯基尔称,别人的建议和指导可以帮助你树立信心,让你掌握以前并不具备的能力。

麦卡斯基尔表示,在与别人建立联系的时候,尤其是在LinkedIn上,你不需要是对方的午餐伙伴或者长期同事。但他建议,要积极主动并且尽可能让对方感受到温暖,这会对你有所帮助,尤其是当对方在你感兴趣的公司任职时,或者当你希望对方作为你的证明人和推荐人时。这意味着要不时与对方打招呼。而维护人脉一定会带来回报。

多样化的人脉还有助于拓展你的关系网。麦卡斯基尔表示,令人感到悲哀的情况依旧存在:通过黑人推荐人求职时,入职一家公司的概率可能低于通过白人推荐人进行求职。他说道:“这就是现实,是生活在一个存在系统性种族歧视的社会的悲哀。这或许不是一条有趣的见解。但在你认识到这一点后,你就有能力改变自己的人脉,用更具战略性的眼光来看待它。意识到这一点,你更有可能遇到贵人。”

另一方面,麦卡斯基尔表示,对于领导者而言,尤其是职场白人男性和白人女性,将与他们不同的人群纳入自己的人脉非常重要。“对三级、四级甚至五级以上联系人来说,花一点精力建立多样化的人脉,对其职业发展可能会大有裨益。”(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Networking has long been associated with painful small talk and exchanging business cards. But, for many Americans, that’s largely been replaced with connecting with industry vets on LinkedIn or Tweeting out that you’re looking for a new job—and it’s just as effective.

Roughly one in four workers found out about jobs or searched for new roles through their professional connections last year. Almost 40% used social media sites like LinkedIn and Facebook, according to the 2022 Job Seeker Nation Report. In fact, workers are four times more likely to get a job at a company where they already had a connection, according to recent LinkedIn data shared with Fortune.

“Networks are massively powerful for securing opportunities for jobs, but also they’re massively powerful tools for professional advancement,” LinkedIn career expert Andrew McCaskill tells Fortune. Even so-called “weak ties”—people who you’re connected with but perhaps don’t have a robust relationship with in real life, such as those third connections on LinkedIn—can still be incredibly helpful in getting your foot in the door, he adds.

While networking has typically been the purview of white office workers, women and people of color have been making massive investments in expanding their networks over the last three years, McCaskill says. But a big gap still remains.

Black workers on LinkedIn boosted the number of monthly connections they make, on average, by 50% between May and August 2022 compared to one year prior. Latino members increased their monthly connection rate by about 40% during that same time period.

Overall, Black members, on average, added 11% more connections in 2022, according to McCaskill. But that still trails white members, who had had 17% more total connections than Black workers on LinkedIn last year. They also had 26% more connections than Latino members.

“We’re closing the gap, but not fast enough,” McCaskill says. While 80% of Black and Latino professionals believe a professional network is critical when looking for a job, fewer than one in four workers report relying on their network to find new roles, according to LinkedIn’s data. So there’s still a disconnect.

When it comes to gender, men add an average of 26% more connections than women each month, LinkedIn finds. And that adds up. Men have, overall, 46% more total connections than women—a nearly 2 to 1 ratio.

“Men are creating much bigger networks, faster,” McCaskill says, adding that matters in terms of long-term career trajectory and employment stability. “The larger your network is, the more access you have to economic opportunity,” he says.

Size matters, but so does diversity

Workers of color and women are actually moving the needle on expanding their professional networks, but the number of connections isn’t the only important factor, McCaskill says. Workers need to ensure they’re diversifying their network as well.

“We have a tendency to connect with people that are familiar to us,” McCaskill says. There’s typically some trepidation among many women, for example, to add strangers to their networks.

And while that’s just human nature, homogeneous networks are less effective.

“Part of building that diverse network is finding people who can help you, not just unlock job opportunities, but decode culture,” McCaskill says. “Building relationships with people from different backgrounds can help you combat the isolation and the sort of tokenism that sometimes happens to professionals of color in predominantly white spaces,” McCaskill says.

There’s a lot about work that really hinges on culture, he adds. Many times workers are asked to participate in conferences or even happy hour events with colleagues and clients. How workers navigate these situations can have consequences for their career. But if you have a diverse network, you can call on your connections for advice and guidance. That can give you the confidence and competence that you may not have previously, McCaskill says.

You don’t have to be best lunch buddies or long-time coworkers to connect with people, especially on LinkedIn, McCaskill says. But he adds that it is worthwhile to reach out and, if possible, keep your connections warm—especially those who work at organizations you’re interested in or that you want to use as references and referrals. That may mean checking in from time to time. But this maintenance does pay off.

Diverse networks can also help expand your reach. It’s still, sadly, true that a Black referral inside of an organization might not get you into the same rooms that having a white referral may, McCaskill says. “That is the sad reality of living in a society where there’s systemic racism,” he says. “It might not be a fun insight. But once you’re aware, it gives you the power to shift your network and to be more strategic about it. Awareness begets agency.”

On the flip side, it’s important for leaders—particularly white men and white women in professional spaces—to consider expanding their networks to people who do not necessarily look like them, McCaskill says. “Putting a little bit of effort into diversifying their networks could be a huge boon to careers of people three, four, five connections beyond.”

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