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拜登上任三把火:1月底前还会签署哪些行政令?

拜登上任三把火:1月底前还会签署哪些行政令?

Aric Jenkins 2021-01-25
从白宫幕僚长罗恩•克莱恩在1月23日发布的一份备忘录看,拜登政府很快还会有一系列新的行政命令出台。

疫情蔓延、经济衰退、政治紧张、国会暴乱……新任美国总统乔•拜登终于在这风雨飘摇之际入主了白宫。1月20日的就职典礼刚刚结束几个小时,拜登就一口气签署了十几项行政令,这些行政令将在10天内生效,也算是美国新一届政府烧起的第一把火。

在白宫的椭圆型办公室内坐定后,拜登签下的第一项行政令,就是强制民众在联邦土地上和跨州旅行时必须佩戴口罩。接着就是宣布美国将重新加入《巴黎气候协定》(Paris Climate Accord),收回前总统唐纳德•特朗普2017年“退群”决定。再然后,就是宣布解除对部分穆斯林和非洲国家的旅行禁令。

从白宫幕僚长罗恩•克莱恩在1月23日发布的一份备忘录看,拜登政府很快还会有一系列新的行政命令出台。

克莱恩在备忘录中写道:“这些举措将改变疫情的进程,对抗气候变化,促进种族平等,支持其他弱势群体,并且通过支持这个国家的建设者,也就是广大劳动者,来重建我们的经济。尽管这些行政令的政策目标很大胆,但我要说明的是,它们背后有坚实的法理依据,并且代表总统恢复了宪法所赋予的适当角色。”

克莱恩补充道:“这个名单还并不是很详尽。”在获得法律许可后,拜登还可能出台更多行政措施。

在就职首日,拜登一共签署了17项行政命令,其中包括:将联邦学生贷款的暂停还款期延长至9月30日;取消美加石油管道Keystone XL项目的建设许可;将联邦移民驱逐令的期限延至3月31日以后。

拜登还签署了一项行政令,宣布美国将重返世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)。他还在白宫成立了一个抗疫领导小组,在联邦层面负责抗击疫情的组织协调工作。儿童移民暂缓遣返计划(Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals)也得到了保留和加强。另外,拜登还撤销了之前的一项在人口普查中排除非公民的行政令。美国南部的边境墙项目也被叫停了。拜登还要求职场取消针对性别和性取向的歧视,以支持同性恋等LGBTGQ群体。

拜登还要求所有联邦机构审查项目和活动中的种族平等问题,比如联邦资金在有色族群中的分配问题。另外,在“国史之争”中,为了对抗《纽约时报》(New York Times)提出的“1619工程”,在中小学生中普及“爱国主义教育”,特朗普特地成立了一个“1776委员会”,而这个委员会不出意料地也被拜登解散了。

克莱恩表示,1月21日,拜登还签署了几项与疫情有关的行政令,通过扩大检测、加强劳动者保护、建立“清晰的公共卫生标准”等措施,以争取让企业和学校安全复工复学。

1月22日,拜登签署行政令,让政府为工薪家庭提供经济救助,不过具体细节尚不清楚。在1月底前,拜登预计还将强化“购买美国货”的规定,并且将在种族平等、气候、移民和刑事司法系统改革等领域签署更多行政令。

随着佐治亚州参议员拉斐尔•沃诺克和乔恩•奥索夫的当选,民主党现在已经控制了参众两院。虽然参议院有些人在立法程序中有从中作梗的可能,但立法已经成了清除特朗普政治遗产的现实途径。(财富中文网)

译者:朴成奎

疫情蔓延、经济衰退、政治紧张、国会暴乱……新任美国总统乔•拜登终于在这风雨飘摇之际入主了白宫。1月20日的就职典礼刚刚结束几个小时,拜登就一口气签署了十几项行政令,这些行政令将在10天内生效,也算是美国新一届政府烧起的第一把火。

在白宫的椭圆型办公室内坐定后,拜登签下的第一项行政令,就是强制民众在联邦土地上和跨州旅行时必须佩戴口罩。接着就是宣布美国将重新加入《巴黎气候协定》(Paris Climate Accord),收回前总统唐纳德•特朗普2017年“退群”决定。再然后,就是宣布解除对部分穆斯林和非洲国家的旅行禁令。

从白宫幕僚长罗恩•克莱恩在1月23日发布的一份备忘录看,拜登政府很快还会有一系列新的行政命令出台。

克莱恩在备忘录中写道:“这些举措将改变疫情的进程,对抗气候变化,促进种族平等,支持其他弱势群体,并且通过支持这个国家的建设者,也就是广大劳动者,来重建我们的经济。尽管这些行政令的政策目标很大胆,但我要说明的是,它们背后有坚实的法理依据,并且代表总统恢复了宪法所赋予的适当角色。”

克莱恩补充道:“这个名单还并不是很详尽。”在获得法律许可后,拜登还可能出台更多行政措施。

在就职首日,拜登一共签署了17项行政命令,其中包括:将联邦学生贷款的暂停还款期延长至9月30日;取消美加石油管道Keystone XL项目的建设许可;将联邦移民驱逐令的期限延至3月31日以后。

拜登还签署了一项行政令,宣布美国将重返世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)。他还在白宫成立了一个抗疫领导小组,在联邦层面负责抗击疫情的组织协调工作。儿童移民暂缓遣返计划(Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals)也得到了保留和加强。另外,拜登还撤销了之前的一项在人口普查中排除非公民的行政令。美国南部的边境墙项目也被叫停了。拜登还要求职场取消针对性别和性取向的歧视,以支持同性恋等LGBTGQ群体。

拜登还要求所有联邦机构审查项目和活动中的种族平等问题,比如联邦资金在有色族群中的分配问题。另外,在“国史之争”中,为了对抗《纽约时报》(New York Times)提出的“1619工程”,在中小学生中普及“爱国主义教育”,特朗普特地成立了一个“1776委员会”,而这个委员会不出意料地也被拜登解散了。

克莱恩表示,1月21日,拜登还签署了几项与疫情有关的行政令,通过扩大检测、加强劳动者保护、建立“清晰的公共卫生标准”等措施,以争取让企业和学校安全复工复学。

1月22日,拜登签署行政令,让政府为工薪家庭提供经济救助,不过具体细节尚不清楚。在1月底前,拜登预计还将强化“购买美国货”的规定,并且将在种族平等、气候、移民和刑事司法系统改革等领域签署更多行政令。

随着佐治亚州参议员拉斐尔•沃诺克和乔恩•奥索夫的当选,民主党现在已经控制了参众两院。虽然参议院有些人在立法程序中有从中作梗的可能,但立法已经成了清除特朗普政治遗产的现实途径。(财富中文网)

译者:朴成奎

Hours after January 20's inauguration, President Joe Biden signed the first of dozens of planned executive orders to be enacted during the first 10 days of his presidency as the nation continues to battle the coronavirus pandemic, economic hardship, and political tension in the wake of the Capitol riots earlier this month.

Seated in the Oval Office, Biden penned his first signature on a COVID-19 mask mandate on federal property and during interstate travel, before moving on to rejoin the Paris Climate Accord abandoned by President Trump in 2017 and reversing the travel ban from several Muslim-majority and African countries.

A flurry of further executive orders is expected to follow, according to a memo sent out January 23 by White House chief of staff Ron Klain.

"These actions will change the course of COVID-19, combat climate change, promote racial equity, and support other underserved communities, and rebuild our economy in ways that strengthen the backbone of this country: the working men and women who built our nation," Klain wrote. "While the policy objectives in these executive actions are bold, I want to be clear: the legal theory behind them is well-founded and represents a restoration of an appropriate, constitutional role for the President."

Klain added that "the list is not exhaustive" and that further actions may be added as they gain legal clearance.

In total, Biden signed 17 executive actions in his first day in office. Among them: an extension on the pause of federal student loan payments until Sept. 30, the revoking of a permit that allowed for the construction of the Keystone XL oil pipeline, and an extension of the federal eviction moratorium until at least March 31.

Biden also signed an order ceasing the withdrawal from the World Health Organization and established a White House COVID-19 team to restructure federal coordination on the pandemic. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program has been preserved and fortified, and a previous order that required the Census to exclude noncitizens was rescinded. Construction of the southern border wall will be halted. Protections against workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity have been strengthened in order to bolster the LGBTQ community.

The President will also order every federal agency to review racial equity among its programs and actions, such as the distribution of federal funding in communities of color. The 1776 Commission, the panel created by Trump to review "patriotic education" of American schoolchildren in apparent response to the New York Times’ 1619 Project, was disbanded.

According to Klain, Biden sign further executive orders related to the pandemic on January 21 in a bid to safely reopen schools and businesses with actions such as expanded testing, worker protections, and the establishment of "clear public health standards."

On January 22, Biden then plans to issue actions directing his cabinet to deliver economic relief to working families, though details remain sparse for now. Through the rest of January, the President plans to strengthen "Buy American" provisions and is set to sign further orders on racial equity, climate, immigration, and reforming the criminal justice system.

Democrats also now control both houses of Congress with the election of Georgia senators Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff. While the Senate filibuster blocks potential for some lawmaking, legislation is now a realistic avenue for further action.

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