特朗普特赦名单：这七人中，会有人“中奖”吗
美国总统通常会在卸任前发布一系列赦免、减刑的消息，如果报道属实，唐纳德•特朗普也不例外。据一位消息人士称，特朗普总统将赶在圣诞节前行使赦免权，近期可能会宣布一批新的特赦名单。
在此之前，特朗普很少使用赦免权。他的一些特赦选择得到了民众的支持——包括他决定赦免因为种族主义而被定罪的历史人物、非暴力涉毒罪犯等。
特朗普的其他选择则更具争议性。其中包括特朗普决定赦免腐败的伊利诺伊州前州长，以及他的前国家安全顾问迈克尔•弗林——弗林承认自己在与俄罗斯大使的谈话问题上向调查人员撒谎。
而现在，据媒体报道，在特朗普总统任期即将结束之际，一份更具争议性的特赦名单或将出现。以下为名单中最著名的七位人士。
爱德华•斯诺登
斯诺登是前美国国家安全局承包商雇员，他曾经复制并泄露了有关美国政府监视及窃听项目的高度机密信息。自2013年以来，斯诺登一直流亡在莫斯科。许多人称赞斯诺登为“勇敢的泄密者”，部分人则认为，他是危害美国安全的叛徒。是否赦免斯诺登这一话题曾经多次被提及——一些人指出，前总统贝拉克•奥巴马曾经为泄露敏感文件的军人切尔西•曼宁减刑，但尚不清楚特朗普是否真的有意赦免斯诺登。
罗斯•乌布利希（绰号“恐怖海盗罗伯茨”）
乌布利希因为经营提供贩卖毒品等各种非法服务的线上市场——“丝绸之路”网站（Silk Road）而臭名昭著。这位年轻的得克萨斯人以“恐怖海盗罗伯茨”的名义经营着这个网站，当他被抓时，他声称他把生意交给了另一个“恐怖海盗”——就像电影《公主新娘》（Princess Bride）中的同名主角所做的那样。法官拒绝采纳他牵强的辩护，判处他终身监禁。长期以来，公民自由主义者一直认为判决太过严厉，而乌布利希的母亲的运动也从未间断，希望儿子能够获释。上周有报道称，特朗普总统正在考虑赦免乌布利希。
鲁迪•朱利安尼
近年来，前纽约市的市长鲁迪•朱利安尼一直在打造自己“特朗普狂热、忠实支持者”的人设。作为特朗普的私人律师，朱利安尼一直在领导一场琐细而又徒劳的法律运动，试图挑战选举结果——其中手段不乏散布各种稀奇古怪的阴谋论。目前还不清楚朱利安尼是否会面临任何指控，尽管他因为在乌克兰的交易而频频接受联邦调查。《纽约时报》（New York Times）本月报道称，朱利安尼一直在与总统讨论赦免自己的问题。
朱利安•阿桑奇
朱利安•阿桑奇是维基解密（Wikileaks）的创始人，目前他正被关押在英国的监狱里。在监狱中，阿桑奇正努力争取被引渡到美国。由于在瑞典受到强奸指控，以及他与俄罗斯政府“显然”存在关系，阿桑奇的反对者认为他是一个不道德的人物。但阿桑奇也有一些高调的支持者，包括演员兼模特帕梅拉•安德森。安德森近日还发布了泳装照片，敦促特朗普赦免他。目前尚不清楚特朗普是否在认真考虑赦免阿桑奇。
乔•埃奇特（绰号“虎王”）
Netflix今年播出了一部纪录片，讲述了埃奇特的老虎生意，以及他与动物保护人士之间的不和，自此，埃奇特成为了家喻户晓的名字。埃奇特因为密谋谋杀这位激进动物保护人士而被判22年监禁。他的生活方式让很多人猜测，特朗普会与埃奇特志趣相投并赦免他。美国司法部最近拒绝了埃奇特的正式赦免申请，但尽管如此，特朗普还是可以无视正式礼仪，一如既往地实行赦免权——就像他已经做过很多次的那样。
特朗普的子女，及女婿贾里德•库什纳
《纽约时报》报道称，特朗普正在认真考虑赦免他的三个子女：埃里克、伊万卡和小唐纳德•特朗普。虽然小特朗普与俄罗斯相关调查有牵连，但特朗普的三个子女目前都没有面临指控（当然将来就不一定了）。伊万卡从其父亲特朗普的税务注销中获得咨询费，可能会给她带来法律隐患。同样，她的丈夫贾里德•库什纳可能会因为一家空壳公司而面临危险——据称，他打算利用竞选捐款来充实家族资产。但是，特朗普总统能够先发制人地发布赦免令来赦免任何不法行为，这是在他权力范围之内的事情。不过，总统赦免只适用于联邦指控，而不能免除特朗普家人受到的州政府的刑事指控，也不能让他们免受针对未来犯罪活动的起诉。
特朗普总统本人
据报道，特朗普一直要求白宫助理赦免自己。对于宪法赋予总统的特赦权是否能够赦免总统本人，仍然存有争议，特朗普此举是一种未经检验的断言。许多法律学者对此持怀疑态度。特朗普有一个更靠谱的法律路径，确保可以赦免他或曾经犯下的任何罪行——那就是辞职，让副总统彭斯担任总统，并发布赦免令（福特总统赦免他的前任理查德•尼克松时就是这么操作的）。但没有迹象表明特朗普愿意遵循这样的策略，这意味着他或许真的要诉诸自我赦免这条未经法律检验的道路了。（财富中文网）
编译：杨二一
美国总统通常会在卸任前发布一系列赦免、减刑的消息，如果报道属实，唐纳德•特朗普也不例外。据一位消息人士称，特朗普总统将赶在圣诞节前行使赦免权，近期可能会宣布一批新的特赦名单。
在此之前，特朗普很少使用赦免权。他的一些特赦选择得到了民众的支持——包括他决定赦免因为种族主义而被定罪的历史人物、非暴力涉毒罪犯等。
特朗普的其他选择则更具争议性。其中包括特朗普决定赦免腐败的伊利诺伊州前州长，以及他的前国家安全顾问迈克尔•弗林——弗林承认自己在与俄罗斯大使的谈话问题上向调查人员撒谎。
而现在，据媒体报道，在特朗普总统任期即将结束之际，一份更具争议性的特赦名单或将出现。以下为名单中最著名的七位人士。
爱德华•斯诺登
斯诺登是前美国国家安全局承包商雇员，他曾经复制并泄露了有关美国政府监视及窃听项目的高度机密信息。自2013年以来，斯诺登一直流亡在莫斯科。许多人称赞斯诺登为“勇敢的泄密者”，部分人则认为，他是危害美国安全的叛徒。是否赦免斯诺登这一话题曾经多次被提及——一些人指出，前总统贝拉克•奥巴马曾经为泄露敏感文件的军人切尔西•曼宁减刑，但尚不清楚特朗普是否真的有意赦免斯诺登。
罗斯•乌布利希（绰号“恐怖海盗罗伯茨”）
乌布利希因为经营提供贩卖毒品等各种非法服务的线上市场——“丝绸之路”网站（Silk Road）而臭名昭著。这位年轻的得克萨斯人以“恐怖海盗罗伯茨”的名义经营着这个网站，当他被抓时，他声称他把生意交给了另一个“恐怖海盗”——就像电影《公主新娘》（Princess Bride）中的同名主角所做的那样。法官拒绝采纳他牵强的辩护，判处他终身监禁。长期以来，公民自由主义者一直认为判决太过严厉，而乌布利希的母亲的运动也从未间断，希望儿子能够获释。上周有报道称，特朗普总统正在考虑赦免乌布利希。
鲁迪•朱利安尼
近年来，前纽约市的市长鲁迪•朱利安尼一直在打造自己“特朗普狂热、忠实支持者”的人设。作为特朗普的私人律师，朱利安尼一直在领导一场琐细而又徒劳的法律运动，试图挑战选举结果——其中手段不乏散布各种稀奇古怪的阴谋论。目前还不清楚朱利安尼是否会面临任何指控，尽管他因为在乌克兰的交易而频频接受联邦调查。《纽约时报》（New York Times）本月报道称，朱利安尼一直在与总统讨论赦免自己的问题。
朱利安•阿桑奇
朱利安•阿桑奇是维基解密（Wikileaks）的创始人，目前他正被关押在英国的监狱里。在监狱中，阿桑奇正努力争取被引渡到美国。由于在瑞典受到强奸指控，以及他与俄罗斯政府“显然”存在关系，阿桑奇的反对者认为他是一个不道德的人物。但阿桑奇也有一些高调的支持者，包括演员兼模特帕梅拉•安德森。安德森近日还发布了泳装照片，敦促特朗普赦免他。目前尚不清楚特朗普是否在认真考虑赦免阿桑奇。
乔•埃奇特（绰号“虎王”）
Netflix今年播出了一部纪录片，讲述了埃奇特的老虎生意，以及他与动物保护人士之间的不和，自此，埃奇特成为了家喻户晓的名字。埃奇特因为密谋谋杀这位激进动物保护人士而被判22年监禁。他的生活方式让很多人猜测，特朗普会与埃奇特志趣相投并赦免他。美国司法部最近拒绝了埃奇特的正式赦免申请，但尽管如此，特朗普还是可以无视正式礼仪，一如既往地实行赦免权——就像他已经做过很多次的那样。
特朗普的子女，及女婿贾里德•库什纳
《纽约时报》报道称，特朗普正在认真考虑赦免他的三个子女：埃里克、伊万卡和小唐纳德•特朗普。虽然小特朗普与俄罗斯相关调查有牵连，但特朗普的三个子女目前都没有面临指控（当然将来就不一定了）。伊万卡从其父亲特朗普的税务注销中获得咨询费，可能会给她带来法律隐患。同样，她的丈夫贾里德•库什纳可能会因为一家空壳公司而面临危险——据称，他打算利用竞选捐款来充实家族资产。但是，特朗普总统能够先发制人地发布赦免令来赦免任何不法行为，这是在他权力范围之内的事情。不过，总统赦免只适用于联邦指控，而不能免除特朗普家人受到的州政府的刑事指控，也不能让他们免受针对未来犯罪活动的起诉。
特朗普总统本人
据报道，特朗普一直要求白宫助理赦免自己。对于宪法赋予总统的特赦权是否能够赦免总统本人，仍然存有争议，特朗普此举是一种未经检验的断言。许多法律学者对此持怀疑态度。特朗普有一个更靠谱的法律路径，确保可以赦免他或曾经犯下的任何罪行——那就是辞职，让副总统彭斯担任总统，并发布赦免令（福特总统赦免他的前任理查德•尼克松时就是这么操作的）。但没有迹象表明特朗普愿意遵循这样的策略，这意味着他或许真的要诉诸自我赦免这条未经法律检验的道路了。（财富中文网）
编译：杨二一
Presidents typically issue a flurry of pardons and commutations on their way out of office and, if reports are accurate, Donald Trump will be no exception. According to one source, President Trump is eager to exercise his clemency power before Christmas, and a new batch of pardons may be announced recently.
So far, the President has used the pardon power sparingly. In some cases, his choices enjoyed popular support, including his decisions to pardon historical figures convicted on the basis of racist motives as well as non-violent drug offenders.
Other choices have been more controversial. These include Trump's decision to pardon the corrupt former governor of Illinois and Michael Flynn, his former national security advisor who had pled guilty to lying to investigators about his conversations with Russia's ambassador.
Now, in the waning days of Trump's presidency, a list of even more controversial names is reportedly under consideration for a pardon. Here are seven of the most prominent ones.
Edward Snowden
The former NSA contractor copied and leaked highly classified information about the U.S. government's surveillance programs. Since 2013, Snowden has lived in exile in Moscow. Hailed as a courageous whistleblower by many, others regard Snowden as a traitor who compromised U.S. security. His name has repeatedly surfaced in possible pardon discussions—with some noting President Obama commuted the sentence of Chelsea Manning, a soldier who leaked sensitive documents—but it's unclear if Trump is seriously disposed to pardon Snowden.
Ross Ulbricht aka 'The Dread Pirate Roberts'
Ulbricht is notorious for running the Silk Road, an online marketplace for selling drugs and offering all manner of illicit services. The young Texan operated the site under the name Dread Pirate Roberts and, when he got caught, tried to claim he had passed the business along to a different Dread Pirate—much as his namesake protagonist had done in the Princess Bride movie. The judge didn't believe his far-fetched story and sentenced him to life in prison. Civil libertarians have long claimed the sentence was too harsh, while Ulbricht's mother has been waging a relentless campaign to free her son—leading a report last week that President Trump is considering a pardon.
Rudy Giuliani
The former New York mayor has reinvented himself in recent years as a fanatic Trump loyalist. As the President's personal lawyer, Giuliani has been leading the futile legal campaign to challenge the election results, in part by floating outlandish conspiracy theories. It's unclear what if any charges Giuliani may be facing, though he has been under federal investigation for his dealings in Ukraine. The New York Times reported this month that he has been discussing a pardon for himself with the President.
Julian Assange
The founder of Wikileaks, Assange is currently in prison in the United Kingdom, where he is fighting extradition to the U.S. His critics view him as unsavory figure as a result of rape allegations in Sweden, and his apparent ties to the Russian government. But Assange also has high-profile advocates, including actress and model Pamela Anderson who recently posted bathing suit shots urging Trump to pardon him. Despite the publicity, it's unclear if Trump is seriously considering clemency for Assange.
Joe Exotic, aka "The Tiger King"
Exotic became a household name after Netflix aired a documentary this year that depicted his exotic cat business, and his feud with an animal rights activist. That feud resulted in Exotic receiving a 22-year sentence for plotting to murder the activist. Exotic's showbiz lifestyle have led many to speculate that Trump would view him as a kindred spirit and grant a pardon. The Justice Department, however, recently rejected Exotic's formal application for clemency. Trump could nonetheless disregard the formal protocol and grant a pardon all the same—as he has already done repeatedly.
The Trump children and Jared Kushner
The New York Times reported that Trump is seriously exploring pardons for his three eldest children, Eric, Ivanka and Don Jr. While the latter was implicated in the Russian probe, none of the three Trump kids are currently facing charges—though they may in the future. There is potential legal danger for Ivanka in regard to consultancy fees she received as part of her father's tax write-offs. Likewise, her husband, Jared Kushner, could face jeopardy over a shell company he allegedly designed to use campaign donations to enrich the family. The President could absolve any wrongdoing, however, by issuing a pre-emptive pardon—something that is in his power to do. Such a pardon, though, would only apply to federal charges. The President could not absolve his family from criminal charges brought by state governments or protect them from prosecution for future criminal activity.
President Donald Trump
Trump has reportedly been asking aides about pardoning himself. Such a move would be an untested assertion of the pardon power given to the President by the Constitution. Many legal scholars are skeptical. There is a clear legal way for Trump to be absolved of any crimes he may have committed—namely by resigning and having Vice President Pence take up the Presidency, and issuing a pardon. That was what happened when President Gexrald Ford absolved his predecessor, Richard Nixon. But there is no indication Trump is willing to follow such a playbook, meaning the untested self-pardon looms as real possibility.
