人工智能正在推动更多的创新，但也引发了伦理问题
人工智能的定义在不断变化，但随着技术不断发展，人工智能逐渐走入人们的生活。
从帮助谷歌（Google）改进搜索功能到预测蛋白质结构的3D模型，人工智能在技术创新中发挥的作用日益增加。在上周举办的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会（Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech）上，技术研发领域的专家们介绍了人工智能将如何改变世界。
搜索引擎You.com的首席执行官理查德·索赫尔表示，研发人员和业内公司在人工智能领域的进展是几年前无法想象的。他本身也是开发者，曾经投入大量精力开发人工智能软件。
“人工智能已经能够编写蛋白质结构，根据简单描述生成照片级真实的图像，还可以做很多五到十年前不可能的事情。我相信随着开发继续，我们还将推动通用人工智能（AGI）。”索赫尔指的是开发智能代理的概念，智能代理能够理解或学习人类才可以完成的智能任务。
DeepMind就是不断探索人工智能领域可能性的公司之一，总部位于英国伦敦，是谷歌母公司Alphabet旗下专攻人工智能的子公司。
DeepMind的首席运营官莱拉·易卜拉欣称，公司的宏伟目标是“破解智能难题，推动科学进步并造福人类”，目前该公司正在开展几个突破性项目。
AlphaFold技术是DeepMind努力推进人工智能目标的方法之一，该技术能够准确预测并创建生命基础蛋白质的3D模型。易卜拉欣指出，通过与研究人员合作，AlphaFold有望协助开发新药，甚至揭开生命运行的奥秘。
在消费者层面，谷歌也已经将人工智能引入核心业务。
7月12日，谷歌的高级副总裁普拉巴卡尔·拉加万解释说，过去每当谷歌用户搜索“如何换轮胎”之类的内容时，搜索引擎都会提供网页列表。后来谷歌开始提供视频，收到用户咨询时直观介绍如何换轮胎。现在有人工智能协助，谷歌可以分析视频以提供更具体的搜索结果。
拉加万称，如果有人询问如何换轮胎后看到一段视频，现在的谷歌人工智能就会告诉用户，视频播放7秒处介绍如何卸下车轮螺母，11秒处介绍如何抬起千斤顶。
“要达到深入理解是漫长的过程。”他说。
但随着人工智能越来越多走入人们的生活，随之而来的是道德问题。索赫尔在7月12日的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上表示，人工智能不应该用来帮助公司说服人们点击广告或在线购物。
对此，易卜拉欣表示赞同。易卜拉欣指出，为了确保DeepMind从事的人工智能项目对社会整体有利，必须从一开始就将目标融入到项目中。
“开启新研究领域时，我们会真正思考潜在的影响，从一开始就围绕可能存在的风险设计很多参数。”她说。（财富中文网）
译者：梁宇
审校：夏林
人工智能的定义在不断变化，但随着技术不断发展，人工智能逐渐走入人们的生活。
从帮助谷歌（Google）改进搜索功能到预测蛋白质结构的3D模型，人工智能在技术创新中发挥的作用日益增加。在上周举办的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会（Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech）上，技术研发领域的专家们介绍了人工智能将如何改变世界。
搜索引擎You.com的首席执行官理查德·索赫尔表示，研发人员和业内公司在人工智能领域的进展是几年前无法想象的。他本身也是开发者，曾经投入大量精力开发人工智能软件。
“人工智能已经能够编写蛋白质结构，根据简单描述生成照片级真实的图像，还可以做很多五到十年前不可能的事情。我相信随着开发继续，我们还将推动通用人工智能（AGI）。”索赫尔指的是开发智能代理的概念，智能代理能够理解或学习人类才可以完成的智能任务。
DeepMind就是不断探索人工智能领域可能性的公司之一，总部位于英国伦敦，是谷歌母公司Alphabet旗下专攻人工智能的子公司。
DeepMind的首席运营官莱拉·易卜拉欣称，公司的宏伟目标是“破解智能难题，推动科学进步并造福人类”，目前该公司正在开展几个突破性项目。
AlphaFold技术是DeepMind努力推进人工智能目标的方法之一，该技术能够准确预测并创建生命基础蛋白质的3D模型。易卜拉欣指出，通过与研究人员合作，AlphaFold有望协助开发新药，甚至揭开生命运行的奥秘。
在消费者层面，谷歌也已经将人工智能引入核心业务。
7月12日，谷歌的高级副总裁普拉巴卡尔·拉加万解释说，过去每当谷歌用户搜索“如何换轮胎”之类的内容时，搜索引擎都会提供网页列表。后来谷歌开始提供视频，收到用户咨询时直观介绍如何换轮胎。现在有人工智能协助，谷歌可以分析视频以提供更具体的搜索结果。
拉加万称，如果有人询问如何换轮胎后看到一段视频，现在的谷歌人工智能就会告诉用户，视频播放7秒处介绍如何卸下车轮螺母，11秒处介绍如何抬起千斤顶。
“要达到深入理解是漫长的过程。”他说。
但随着人工智能越来越多走入人们的生活，随之而来的是道德问题。索赫尔在7月12日的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上表示，人工智能不应该用来帮助公司说服人们点击广告或在线购物。
对此，易卜拉欣表示赞同。易卜拉欣指出，为了确保DeepMind从事的人工智能项目对社会整体有利，必须从一开始就将目标融入到项目中。
“开启新研究领域时，我们会真正思考潜在的影响，从一开始就围绕可能存在的风险设计很多参数。”她说。（财富中文网）
译者：梁宇
审校：夏林
The definition of artificial intelligence is constantly changing, but as it evolves it’s becoming an ever more present part of our lives.
From helping Google improve its search feature to predicting 3D models of protein structures, A.I. is playing an increasing role in technological innovation. At Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech conference this week, experts developing this technology shed some light on just how A.I. is changing the world.
The developments researchers and companies are making in A.I. are something that couldn’t have been imagined just a few years ago, said Richard Socher, the CEO of the search engine You.com, and a developer who has worked extensively with creating A.I. software.
“You see A.I. right now already writing proteins, generating photorealistic images based on a simple description, and so many more things that would have been impossible five to 10 years ago. And I think as we keep doing that, we will keep pushing that definition of what AGI, or artificial general intelligence might be,” Socher said, referring to the concept of developing an intelligent agent that can understand or learn any intellectual task a human could.
One of the companies working on these new possibilities in A.I. is London-based DeepMind, the artificial intelligence subsidiary of Alphabet, Google’s parent company.
The company, whose ambitious goal is “solving intelligence to advance science and benefit humanity,” according to its chief operating officer, Lila Ibrahim, is working on several boundary-breaking projects.
One of the ways DeepMind is trying to reach its goal of advancing artificial intelligence is with its AlphaFold technology, which can accurately predict and create 3D models of the shapes of proteins, the building blocks of life. In collaboration with researchers, AlphaFold has the potential to help develop new medicines and even unlock the secret of how life itself works, Ibrahim said.
On the consumer side, another company incorporating A.I. into the core of its business is Google.
In the past, whenever a Google user searched for something like “how to change a flat tire,” the search engine would have given you a list of web pages, explained Google senior vice president Prabhakar Raghavan on July 12. Later, Google started serving up videos on how to change a flat tire for such a query; and with A.I., Google is now analyzing videos to give even more specific search results.
If someone is given a video for the query of how to change a flat tire, Google’s AI can now tell the user that seven seconds into the video it addresses how to remove the lug nuts and 11 seconds in it talks about raising the jack, Raghavan said.
“Getting that level of deeper understanding is a journey that is still long,” he said.
But with the increasing involvement of A.I. in our lives come questions about ethics. Socher, of You.com, said on July 12 that A.I. should not become just another way for companies to convince people to click on an advertisement or buy something online.
Ibrahim agreed. To make sure that the A.I. projects DeepMind works on are an overall benefit to society, acknowledging that goal has to be baked into a project from the beginning, said Ibrahim.
“When we start new areas of research, we really think through what are the potential impacts, and from the beginning design in a lot of the parameters around what might the risks be,” she said.
