TED演讲达人的7条建议
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本文与《创业者》杂志（Entrepreneur）合作。下文最初发表于Entrepreneur.com。 你或许并不知道，西蒙•斯涅克天生腼腆，不喜欢在众人面前讲话。他说参加派对时自己总是独自躲在角落里，甚至不敢在这样的场合出现。通常情况下，他干脆就不去参加派对。如今，他的演讲视频已经获得2,200万次浏览量，这位乐观的人种志学者，由此成为观看次数排名第三的TED演讲者。 对于一位内向的人来说，这难道不具有讽刺意味吗？然而，不论是作为一名励志演讲家还是畅销书作者，斯涅克的成功并非全靠运气。也不是来自他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点或者认识正确的人。他的成功源自他在台上台下无数次面对恐惧又战胜恐惧，反复试错，不知疲倦的练习。 我们采访了斯涅克，询问了他如何学会发表自信的、有魅力的、有意义的演说，以及其他人应该怎么做。以下是他给出的七条秘诀，这将帮助我们学会如何让演讲言之有物，动人心弦。 1. 不要一开场就滔滔不绝。 斯涅克表示，你不应该一走上台就开始说话。斯涅克说道：“许多人一上台便开始滔滔不绝，这往往是紧张所致。这种表现传达给听众的是不安全感和恐惧。” 相反，演讲者应该静静地走上讲台。然后深呼吸，找到自己的位置，等几秒钟之后再开始。斯涅克说道：“我知道这听起来很长，而且有些乏味。这样做时，你甚至会感觉到难以忍受的尴尬，但这却可以向听众展示，你非常自信，完全掌控着局面。” 2. 只为给予，不求索取。 人们进行演示，通常是为了推销产品或服务，让人们在社交媒体上关注他们，买他们的书，或者单纯想博得人们的好感。斯涅克将这类演讲者称为“索取型”，他表示，听众一眼就能看穿这些人的目的。而一旦他们明白了演讲者的意图，他们就失去了聆听的兴趣。 斯涅克说道：“我们是高度社会性的物种。虽然在讲台上与听众相隔一定距离，但人们还是能够判断出你是给予型还是索取型，相比索取型，人们更愿意信任一名给予型演讲者——他们能给听众带来价值、能教会听众新东西、能启发听众。” 3.与听众逐个进行眼神接触。 斯涅克说道，平移扫视是演讲者最大的敌人。“虽然你看上去是在关注所有人，但实际上却切断了你与听众之间的联系。” 他说道，在演讲过程中直接看向特定的听众，会更加容易也更有效。如果可以的话，在说一整句话或一次思考的过程中，专心看着一个人。说完一句话之后，将目光转移到另外一个人，继续与每一位听众进行交流，直到演讲结束。 斯涅克说道：“就好像你在与听众对话。你不是在对他们发表演讲，而是在与他们谈话。” 这种策略不仅可以使演讲者与听众个人之间产生更深的联系，而且可以让所有听众都能感觉到这一点。 |
This post is in partnership with Entrepreneur. The article below was originally published at Entrepreneur.com. You’d never know it, but Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds. At parties, he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place. He prefers the latter. Yet, with some 22 million video views under his belt, the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most-watched TED Talks presenter of all time. Ironic for an introvert, isn’t it? Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck. It’s also not being in the right place at the right time or knowing the right people. It’s the result of fears faced and erased, trial and error and tireless practice, on and off stage. We caught up with Sinek to pick his brain about how he learned to give such confident, captivating and meaningful presentations and how others can, too. Here are his top seven secrets for delivering speeches that inspire, inform and entertain. 1. Don’t talk right away. Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage. “A lot of people start talking right away, and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says. “That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear.” Instead, quietly walk out on stage. Then take a deep breath, find your place, wait a few seconds and begin. “I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says, “but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation.” 2. Show up to give, not to take. Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas, to get people to follow them on social media, buy their books or even just to like them. Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away. And, when they do, they disengage. “We are highly social animals,” says Sinek. “Even at a distance on stage, we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker, and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value, that teaches them something new, that inspires them — than a taker.” 3. Make eye contact with audience members one by one. Scanning and panning is your worst enemy, says Sinek. “While it looks like you’re looking at everyone, it actually disconnects you from your audience.” It’s much easier and effective, he says, if you directly look at specific audience members throughout your speech. If you can, give each person that you intently look at an entire sentence or thought, without breaking your gaze. When you finish a sentence, move on to another person and keep connecting with individual people until you’re done speaking. “It’s like you’re having a conversation with your audience,” says Sinek. “You’re not speaking at them, you’re speaking with them.” This tactic not only creates a deeper connection with individuals but the entire audience can feel it. |
