2012年十大热门职业

    5.技术工人。美国制造业正垂死挣扎？不见得吧。在人力资源管理协会所做的调查中，超过三分之二(68%)的雇主指出，市场上合格的新员工非常短缺，不足以取代即将退休的熟练技术工：电工、木工和焊工。此外，贾斯汀•赫希说：“许多工业类公司正在增加物流、供应链管理和车间管理等职位的招工人数。”随着越来越多的公司走向国际化，对物流人才（即把货物从一个地方有效地搬运至另一个地方的艺术和科学）的需求也将持续升温。

    6.生命科学和生物技术。从大型制药公司到生物技术类初创企业，大大小小的医疗创新者正在大举招兵买马。沙特金发现，从现在到2018年，科研人员的职位缺口将跃升40%（平均年薪：76,700美元）。而一般的医疗保健类公司也需要大量的管理人员和支持人员（见第三类）。

    7.销售员。销售历来都是受经济衰退影响最小的职业，这一轮衰退期也不例外。为企业带来真金白银的是销售人员，所以他们往往是“第一个上岗，最后一个下岗”的员工群体。在人力资源管理协会所做的调查中，大约三分之二（72%）的雇主称，现在招不到足够的销售人员。

    8.会计和财务人员。过去几年来，对会计和财务专家（特别是法务会计师和财务法规专家）的需求一直在稳步上升，具有此类专业背景的美国大学生，现在仍无法满足目前的职位缺口。人力资源管理协会的调查发现，超过一半（54%）的雇主表示，只要能够找到合格的人才，他们就会扩大会计师和财务专家的招聘规模。

    9.折扣店零售员。“不必提具体公司的名称，反正大家都知道。在此轮衰退期间，大型连锁折扣店的生意非常火爆。大多数公司正在招聘经理和其他店内工作人员，”贾斯汀•赫希指出。

    10.私募股权。招聘经理报告称，私募股权公司正在积极地为它们投资的公司物色管理精英。赫希说，这些岗位涉及“所有行业，所有职能领域”。“它们正在从各大公司网罗身经百战的资深经理人，也就是那些有能力扭转乾坤，或者帮助一家即将首次公开招股的公司做好各项准备的人。这些工作极具挑战性，如果经理人能够大功告成，那将为其职业生涯增添浓墨重彩的一笔。”

    失业的高管有机会吗？“如果掌握了靠谱的人脉，那就有机会，”赫希说。“这种工作需要卓尔不群的商业触觉，特别是要有应对不确定性的技巧，还要有一定的知名度。拥有恰当的人脉关系自然也有助益。”

    译者：任文科

    5. Industrial skills. Think U.S. manufacturing is moribund? Think again. More than two-thirds (68%) of employers in the SHRM survey pointed to a shortage of qualified new hires to replace people retiring from the skilled trades: electricians, carpenters, welders. Moreover, says Justin Hirsch, "We're seeing an increase in industrial hiring in logistics, supply-chain management, and plant management." As more companies go global, demand for expertise in logistics -- the art and science of moving stuff efficiently from one place to another -- will continue to heat up.

    6. Life sciences and biotech. Medical innovators ranging in size from Big Pharma down to biotech startups are on a hiring binge: Shatkin sees a 40% jump in job openings for research scientists between now and 2018 (average salary: $76,700). As with health care companies in general, these employers will also need managers and support staff (see No. 3).

    7. Salespeople. Selling has historically been the closest thing there is to a recession-proof career, and this economic downturn is no exception. Since they're the ones bringing the dough in the door, salespeople are often the first to be hired and last to get laid off. Almost three-quarters (72%) of employers in the SHRM survey said they can't get enough salespeople now.

    8. Accounting and finance. Demand for accountants and finance mavens (particularly forensic accountants and compliance specialists) has been climbing steadily for the past several years, and U.S. colleges are still not turning out enough grads in these fields to fill the available openings. The SHRM survey found that more than half (54%) of employers would hire more accountants and finance experts if they could find them.

    9. Discount retailers. "Not to mention any specific company names -- everyone knows who they are, anyway -- but the big national discount store companies have flourished during this recession," notes Justin Hirsch. "And most of them are hiring managers as well as in-store personnel."

    10. Private equity firms. Recruiters report that private equity firms are actively seeking management talent for their portfolio companies "across all industries and all functional areas," says Hirsch. "They're poaching already-employed, seasoned managers from big companies -- people who can step into either a turnaround situation or a pre-IPO company and make it work. These are challenging jobs, and could be a real feather in a manager's cap if he or she can bring it off successfully."

    Do unemployed executives have a shot? "With the right network, yes," Hirsch says. "It's about having great business acumen, especially a knack for coping with ambiguity, and being known for that. It helps to have the right connections."