蛰伏两年，校园招聘卷土重来

    经过两年暂停之后，许多大公司重新开始进行校园招聘。美国银行（Bank of America）计划在2011年招聘1，300名应届毕业生，微软公司（Microsoft）将前往多所商学院进行招聘。这是微软公司自2009年以来首次扩大招聘规模。

    招聘大学里的青年才俊可能无法完全恢复到全盛时期——尽管和过去两年相比,美国银行（Bank of America）的招聘名额增加了10%-15%，但这一数字仍然接近2008年的水平。随着学年的结束，许多大学的就业中心发现，工作机会又回来了。

    国家学院和雇主联合委员会（the National Association of Colleges and Employers）研究部门主管卡克说：“我们询问了会员单位明年的招聘预期，很多会员表示,他们保持与往年相同、或稍高于往年的招聘预期。但最终结果还是要取决于整体经济形势的发展情况。”

    卡克表示，企业界预计2008年的情形不会重演，当时“市场崩溃，一切随之改变时”，很多公司都缩减了招聘规模。

    他说：“直到2009年1月，我们常打交道的人才意识到，这一年他们不需要再招聘员工了。”

    但如今，招聘人数开始缓慢回升，美国的职业咨询师和学生们都把这看作是经济逐步回暖的迹象。

    杜克大学福库商学院（Duke’s Fuqua School of Business）的副院长温迪•库兰说：“我们经历了金融危机，但是，如今毕业生的就业前景并不像危机时那样糟糕。现在，经济形势正在逐渐好转，虽然缓慢，但确定无疑。”

    最近，国家学院和雇主联合委员会根据世界数百家公司自行发布的数据制订的报告显示，企业计划面向应届毕业生的工作机会比2010年增加了19.3%。这与2009年的情况形成了鲜明对比，当时全美的招聘人数与2008年相比下降幅度超过20%。

    2010年，美国东北部地区的招聘人数增加趋势更为明显，增幅达25.6%。全美均出现招聘人数增加的趋势，其中，中西部地区、西部地区、东南部地区的增长幅度分别达到了20.2%、19.3%和7.9%。国家学院和雇主联合委员会预测，2012年，这一趋势仍将持续。

    杜克大学应届毕业生布兰登•罗德里格斯在度过了将近一年的求职生涯后，终于在英特尔公司（Intel）谋得了一份工作。他说：“三年前，我们经历了金融危机。但我认为，越来越多的人开始对经济形势持乐观态度。可能这种乐观情绪不会瞬间显现，但在未来半年内，情况将变得明朗。”

    卡克表示，2011年，技术和工程方面的岗位重回就业市场，而在某些领域，招聘人数与2008年相比显著增加。

    密歇根大学（the University of Michigan）就业指导中心的高级助理主任林恩•塞彼利•怀特表示：“对于计算机科学专业毕业生的需求,有些公司的计划招聘人数超过了我们的学生总数。”此外，招聘人数出现增长的还涉及社交媒体公司、创业型公司及“环保”公司。

    经济大萧条迫使许多大学缩短招聘会的时长。密歇根大学不得不把招聘会的时间压缩为半天到一天。但目前,有招聘需求的公司越来越多,需要招聘的职位也在增加，招聘会时长已经延长到了两天。

    塞彼利•怀特表示：“我现在还不能说，我们已经回到了经济繁荣时期。但是，现在的形势确实已经有所好转了。”

    After a two-year hiatus, major corporations are starting to hit college career-fair tables once again. Bank of America plans to offer 1,300 new graduates jobs in 2011, and Microsoft (MSFT) will visit more business schools, marking the first time the company has expanded its footprint since 2009.

    Hiring of the young and talented may not be back all the way -- Bank of America's (BAC) new headcount goal is 10% to 15% higher than the last two years but is still close to 2008 levels. But with the school year wrapped, college career centers are finding that job opportunities are once again a reality.

    "We ask our members kind of what they're anticipating for the next year, and those who have an idea are basically expecting more of the same, or maybe even a little bit more in terms of hiring," Ed Koc, research director at the National Association of Colleges and Employers. "But everything is dependent on the economy in general."

    Koc says businesses weren't expecting the decrease in hiring that came in 2008 "when the market crashed and everything changed."

    "It wasn't until January 2009 the people we deal with realized they weren't going to be hiring that year," he says.

    But now that the numbers are ticking back up, career counselors and students across the country, welcome the rise as a promising sign of the economy's gradual return.

    "We've had a major financial event, but the outlook for our graduates is not nearly as dire as it was," says Wendy Kuran, an associate dean at Duke's Fuqua School of Business. "It's coming back, slowly but surely."

    Planned job offers for recent graduates are up 19.3% from 2010, according to a recent report from the National Association for Colleges and Employers. The study comes from self-reported data by hundreds of companies worldwide. Those gains are in sharp contrast to 2009, when hiring dropped more than 20% across the country from 2008.

    2010's hiring increase was especially prominent in the northeast, where new hires rose 25.6%. Hiring climbed in all regions, with a 20.2% spike in the Midwest, a 19.3% increase in the West, and a 7.9% bump in the Southeast. NACE anticipates continued improvement in 2012.

    "Three years ago, there was a shock," says Brandon Rodriguez, a recent Duke graduate, who just landed a job at Intel (INTC) after almost a year of searching. "But I think the optimism rate is now going up. And if there's not optimism immediately, there will be in the next six months or so."

    What came back in 2011 -- and in some cases grew dramatically from even 2008 -- were jobs in technology and engineering, Koc says.

    "We certainly have more employers trying to hire computer science students than we have computer science students," says Lynne Sebille-White, senior assistant director at the University of Michigan's career center. Other growth areas include social media companies, startups, and companies hiring for "green" efforts.

    The Great Recession forced many colleges to cut back on their job-fairs. Michigan had to cut its event in half to one day. But with an uptick in recruiters and jobs, it's now back up to two.

    "I wouldn't say we're back in boomtown quite yet," Sebille-White says. "But we're definitely better than we were."