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大学学位在众多“Z世代”青年眼中已非成功必备条件

大学学位在众多“Z世代”青年眼中已非成功必备条件

JANE THIER 2023-03-19
40%的受访者认为大学学位并非职场成功的“必需品”。

在填写Fiverr的问卷时,有36%的美国“Z世代”受访者表示,在找工作时,他们最看重能够从新工作中获得的技能。图片来源:TATIANA BUZMAKOVA - GETTY IMAGES

作为以“反传统”而闻名的一代人,许多Z世代青年认为,即使没有大学文凭,甚至没有一份朝九晚五的工作,他们一样能在职场取得成功。

自由职业求职平台Fiverr与Censuswide合作,对全球7000多名Z世代劳动者进行了一项调查,结果发现,40%的受访者认为大学学位并非职场成功的“必需品”。70%的受访者认为,自由职业和传统朝九晚五的工作一样,也是正当的职业选择。(当然,自由职业者可能更有机会看到并接受由自由职业求职平台主持发起的调查)。

Fiverr的首席营销官加利•阿农说,受经济衰退和劳动力市场快速变化影响,Z世代对那种激情驱动、安排灵活(在影响职业选择的各项因素中,此两项排名前二,第三为财务安全)的工作的兴趣越来越高。阿农在报告中写道:“正如我们在Fiverr不断扩大的Z世代自由职业者群体中所观察到的那样,对于渴望追随热情、磨练技能、自主掌握收入与职业发展轨迹的Z世代来说,自由职业带来的自主性已经成为吸引他们的一大要素”。

他们赶上了好时候。这种“反学历”的态度在更保守的老一辈“卫道士”中正日渐流行开来,越来越多的企业开始将技能水平作为自己选拔人才的依据。

在对2023年工作场所的预测清单中,咨询公司Gartner写道,未来在进行招聘时,成功企业将以技能而非学历作为筛选的主要标准。之所以会出现这种局面,主要是因为人才市场正处于史上最紧张水平,对合格工人的争夺十分激烈。

Gartner在报告中写道:“为在2023年找到自己急需的人才,企业必须学会放下对学历学位、过往经验的要求,仅根据求职者的工作能力对其进行评估。

近年来,越来越多的财富500强公司,包括谷歌、IBM和苹果,已放弃长期以来对学位的要求。根据智库机构Burning Glass Institute的分析,2022年11月,美国只有41%的职位要求有学士学位,较2019年下降了5%。

但这并非疫情期间的权宜之计。2016年,IBM创造了“新领工作”一词,指需要掌握具体、可教授技能而非某种学位的工作。从2011年到2021年,该公司设有学位要求的职位占比从95%下降到不到50%。

IBM时任首席执行官罗睿兰(Ginni Rometty)去年在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,无学位员工的表现与博士员工的表现一样出色。通用汽车(General Motors)首席多样性、公平和包容性官员特尔瓦•麦格鲁德最近在接受《财富》记者王波非(Phil Wahba)采访时表示,学位不一定是“衡量一个人潜力的黄金指标”。

一些职场与求职领域的专家认为,技能发挥着“新型学位”的作用。领英(LinkedIn)首席执行官瑞安•罗斯兰斯基在接受《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)采访时说,传统上,招聘经理除评估求职者的工作经历、出身或关系网络之外,在对人才进行筛选时没多少其他办法。

“随着劳动力市场的加速变化,我们必须找到一些新的着眼点,而这种灵活、可操作的替代方案可能还真要建构于技能的基础之上”,罗斯兰斯基说。

这对美国的Z世代来说是个好消息,其中36%的受访者在填写Fiverr问卷时表示,找工作时,自己最看重的是在新工作中所能获得的技能。当然,前提是他们还没有完全失去对朝九晚五工作的热情。(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

作为以“反传统”而闻名的一代人,许多Z世代青年认为,即使没有大学文凭,甚至没有一份朝九晚五的工作,他们一样能在职场取得成功。

自由职业求职平台Fiverr与Censuswide合作,对全球7000多名Z世代劳动者进行了一项调查,结果发现,40%的受访者认为大学学位并非职场成功的“必需品”。70%的受访者认为,自由职业和传统朝九晚五的工作一样,也是正当的职业选择。(当然,自由职业者可能更有机会看到并接受由自由职业求职平台主持发起的调查)。

Fiverr的首席营销官加利•阿农说,受经济衰退和劳动力市场快速变化影响,Z世代对那种激情驱动、安排灵活(在影响职业选择的各项因素中,此两项排名前二,第三为财务安全)的工作的兴趣越来越高。阿农在报告中写道:“正如我们在Fiverr不断扩大的Z世代自由职业者群体中所观察到的那样,对于渴望追随热情、磨练技能、自主掌握收入与职业发展轨迹的Z世代来说,自由职业带来的自主性已经成为吸引他们的一大要素”。

他们赶上了好时候。这种“反学历”的态度在更保守的老一辈“卫道士”中正日渐流行开来,越来越多的企业开始将技能水平作为自己选拔人才的依据。

在对2023年工作场所的预测清单中,咨询公司Gartner写道,未来在进行招聘时,成功企业将以技能而非学历作为筛选的主要标准。之所以会出现这种局面,主要是因为人才市场正处于史上最紧张水平,对合格工人的争夺十分激烈。

Gartner在报告中写道:“为在2023年找到自己急需的人才,企业必须学会放下对学历学位、过往经验的要求,仅根据求职者的工作能力对其进行评估。

近年来,越来越多的财富500强公司,包括谷歌、IBM和苹果,已放弃长期以来对学位的要求。根据智库机构Burning Glass Institute的分析,2022年11月,美国只有41%的职位要求有学士学位,较2019年下降了5%。

但这并非疫情期间的权宜之计。2016年,IBM创造了“新领工作”一词,指需要掌握具体、可教授技能而非某种学位的工作。从2011年到2021年,该公司设有学位要求的职位占比从95%下降到不到50%。

IBM时任首席执行官罗睿兰(Ginni Rometty)去年在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示,无学位员工的表现与博士员工的表现一样出色。通用汽车(General Motors)首席多样性、公平和包容性官员特尔瓦•麦格鲁德最近在接受《财富》记者王波非(Phil Wahba)采访时表示,学位不一定是“衡量一个人潜力的黄金指标”。

一些职场与求职领域的专家认为,技能发挥着“新型学位”的作用。领英(LinkedIn)首席执行官瑞安•罗斯兰斯基在接受《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)采访时说,传统上,招聘经理除评估求职者的工作经历、出身或关系网络之外,在对人才进行筛选时没多少其他办法。

“随着劳动力市场的加速变化,我们必须找到一些新的着眼点,而这种灵活、可操作的替代方案可能还真要建构于技能的基础之上”,罗斯兰斯基说。

这对美国的Z世代来说是个好消息,其中36%的受访者在填写Fiverr问卷时表示,找工作时,自己最看重的是在新工作中所能获得的技能。当然,前提是他们还没有完全失去对朝九晚五工作的热情。(财富中文网)

译者:梁宇

审校:夏林

Famous for their tendency to buck tradition, many Gen Zers don’t think a successful career necessarily requires a college degree, or even a nine-to-five job.

Forty percent believe college degrees aren’t necessary, finds a global study of more than 7,000 Gen Z workers conducted by freelancing job platform Fiverr in partnership with Censuswide. And 70% said they consider freelancing to be just as viable a career option as a traditional nine-to-five. (Of course, freelancers may have been more likely to see and take a survey hosted by a freelancing job platform.)

An economic downturn and a rapidly shifting labor market has led Gen Z in the direction of flexible and passion-driven work, said Gali Arnon, Fiverr’s chief marketing officer. They were the cohort’s top two priorities, followed by financial security. “As we’ve observed in the growing community of Gen Z freelancers on Fiverr, the autonomy freelancing affords serves as a major draw for a generation eager to pursue their passions, hone their skills, and have more control over their earnings and career trajectory,” Arnon wrote in the report.

Lucky for them, this anti-degree attitude is catching fire among the old, more conservative guard. More companies are opting for skills-based roles

In its list of top workplace predictions for 2023, consultancy firm Gartner said skills-based hiring rather than degree requirements will dominate at successful companies. That’s mostly thanks to the historically tight talent market and the battle for qualified workers.

“To fill critical roles in 2023, organizations will need to become more comfortable assessing candidates solely on their ability to perform in the role, rather than their credentials and prior experience,” Gartner wrote. "

More Fortune 500 companies, including Google, IBM, and Apple, have eschewed their longstanding degree requirements in recent years. In November 2022, just 41% of U.S.-based job postings required a bachelor’s degree, per an analysis from think tank Burning Glass Institute. That represents a 5% drop from 2019.

But this isn’t a pandemic-era concession. In 2016, IBM coined the term “new collar jobs” in reference to roles requiring specific, teachable skills rather than a degree. Between 2011 and 2021, the company’s degree-required job listings dropped from 95% to fewer than 50%.

Ginni Rometty, IBM’s CEO at the time, told Fortune last year that non-degree-holding hires performed just as well as workers who had Ph.D.s. And General Motors’ chief diversity, equity, and inclusion officer, Telva McGruder, recently told Fortune’s Phil Wahba that degrees aren’t “necessarily the be-all, end-all indicator of someone’s potential.”

According to some experts in the careers and job search field, skills are inarguably the new degrees. Traditionally, hiring managers had no way of sizing up talent besides assessing their job history, pedigree, or network, LinkedIn CEO Ryan Roslansky told the Harvard Business Review.

“When the labor market is moving much quicker, we really need to figure out something to focus on, and that alternative, flexible, accessible path is really going to be based on skills.” Roslansky said.

That’s good news for U.S.-based Gen Zers, 36% of whom told Fiverr the ability to build skills at a new job was a primary factor in their search. Assuming, of course, they haven’t yet lost their enthusiasm for nine-to-five roles entirely.

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