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未能履行《巴黎协定》,壳牌董事会面临股东诉讼

未能履行《巴黎协定》,壳牌董事会面临股东诉讼

Sophie Mellor 2022-03-26
壳牌远未实现其承诺的减排45%的目标。

石油巨头壳牌公司(Shell)的多位环保领域股东对该公司的13名董事提起法律诉讼,称壳牌未能及时减少温室气体排放,这些董事从个人角度均负有责任。

ClientEarth是一家善用法律工具的环保慈善机构,自2016年以来一直持有壳牌股份。该机构希望追究壳牌董事个人的法律责任,因为他们未能采取相应战略,真正落实2015年的《巴黎协定》(Paris Agreement)。为获取投资者信息和公司内部的投票权,ClientEarth一直保持着壳牌股东的地位。

ClientEarth的律师保罗·本森在一份声明中表示:“面对气候变化,壳牌面临着严重的现实性和过渡性风险,但其对抗气候变化的计划却仍然存在根本性缺陷。”他补充说,如果该公司承诺履行《巴黎协定》,而实际上却没有,“那么壳牌就有误导投资者和整个市场的风险。”

ClientEarth称,根据《巴黎协定》,世界各国承诺,将全球平均气温较前工业化时期上升幅度控制在1.5摄氏度之内,而壳牌做出的承诺与之并不符合。该组织还认为,英国公司法规定,公司应当“采取适当的行动带领公司走向成功,”如果壳牌不采取行动,那么公司董事就没有履行该法律规定的义务。壳牌将于今年5月召开年会,ClientEarth正在游说其他金融机构投资方在年会之前加入原告的行列。

ClientEarth在气候变化相关诉讼方面有着极高的胜率,此次诉讼即将在英国高等法院开庭,之前ClientEarth已经在此取得了三次胜诉。

即使这项诉讼壳牌不放在心上,近来的一些事也会让其忧心忡忡。2021年5月,荷兰海牙地方法院裁定,到2030年,壳牌公司必须使其碳排放量比2019年时的水平降低45%。这项诉讼是由环保组织“地球之友”(Friends of the Earth)和17000多名荷兰公民提起的,判决结果可谓是首开先例。

本森说:“壳牌董事会拖延的时间越长,其公司就越有可能不得不突然‘手刹转向’以保持商业竞争力。同时,调整型发展也是不可避免的,公司也要应对其带来的挑战。”

裁决推迟

壳牌已经就这一具有里程碑意义的裁决向荷兰法院提出上诉。壳牌称,各国政府几乎没有采取抑制消费者需求的措施,尤其在这种情况下,壳牌不应该对范围三碳排放负责,也就是,不应对该公司出售的石油及其他产品产生的间接排放负责。

壳牌已经在实施“能源转型战略”,承诺以2016年的碳排放强度为基准,在2030年之前将范围三排放量削减20%,2035年之前削减45%。但是,对减少绝对排放量和净碳足迹排放强度指标作出规定,需要该公司减产石油,因此战略中并未提及这两项。

全球气候洞察(Global Climate Insights)于2021年发布的分析师研究报告显示,壳牌远未实现其承诺的减排45%的目标。分析师预计,根据其目前采取的战略,到2030年,净排放量将增加4%。

2021年荷兰壳牌诉讼案的主诉律师、气候诉讼律师罗杰·考克斯在英国《金融时报》(Financial Times)撰文表示,股东开始要求董事个人承担对抗气候变化不力的责任,体现了社会对企业承担气候责任的看法出现了“范式转变”。

在回应ClientEarth起诉其他董事会成员的决定时,壳牌指出,公司正在履行支持《巴黎协定》的全球战略:“应对气候变化这一重大挑战需要各方共同采取行动。我们现在面临着能源短缺问题,因此特别需要政府主导,采取有效政策,这样才可以在实现能源系统脱碳的同时,满足能源安全等关键需求。”

壳牌还简洁地补充道:“这些问题是无法通过诉讼来解决的。”(财富中文网)

译者:Transn

石油巨头壳牌公司(Shell)的多位环保领域股东对该公司的13名董事提起法律诉讼,称壳牌未能及时减少温室气体排放,这些董事从个人角度均负有责任。

ClientEarth是一家善用法律工具的环保慈善机构,自2016年以来一直持有壳牌股份。该机构希望追究壳牌董事个人的法律责任,因为他们未能采取相应战略,真正落实2015年的《巴黎协定》(Paris Agreement)。为获取投资者信息和公司内部的投票权,ClientEarth一直保持着壳牌股东的地位。

ClientEarth的律师保罗·本森在一份声明中表示:“面对气候变化,壳牌面临着严重的现实性和过渡性风险,但其对抗气候变化的计划却仍然存在根本性缺陷。”他补充说,如果该公司承诺履行《巴黎协定》,而实际上却没有,“那么壳牌就有误导投资者和整个市场的风险。”

ClientEarth称,根据《巴黎协定》,世界各国承诺,将全球平均气温较前工业化时期上升幅度控制在1.5摄氏度之内,而壳牌做出的承诺与之并不符合。该组织还认为,英国公司法规定,公司应当“采取适当的行动带领公司走向成功,”如果壳牌不采取行动,那么公司董事就没有履行该法律规定的义务。壳牌将于今年5月召开年会,ClientEarth正在游说其他金融机构投资方在年会之前加入原告的行列。

ClientEarth在气候变化相关诉讼方面有着极高的胜率,此次诉讼即将在英国高等法院开庭,之前ClientEarth已经在此取得了三次胜诉。

即使这项诉讼壳牌不放在心上,近来的一些事也会让其忧心忡忡。2021年5月,荷兰海牙地方法院裁定,到2030年,壳牌公司必须使其碳排放量比2019年时的水平降低45%。这项诉讼是由环保组织“地球之友”(Friends of the Earth)和17000多名荷兰公民提起的,判决结果可谓是首开先例。

本森说:“壳牌董事会拖延的时间越长,其公司就越有可能不得不突然‘手刹转向’以保持商业竞争力。同时,调整型发展也是不可避免的,公司也要应对其带来的挑战。”

裁决推迟

壳牌已经就这一具有里程碑意义的裁决向荷兰法院提出上诉。壳牌称,各国政府几乎没有采取抑制消费者需求的措施,尤其在这种情况下,壳牌不应该对范围三碳排放负责,也就是,不应对该公司出售的石油及其他产品产生的间接排放负责。

壳牌已经在实施“能源转型战略”,承诺以2016年的碳排放强度为基准,在2030年之前将范围三排放量削减20%,2035年之前削减45%。但是,对减少绝对排放量和净碳足迹排放强度指标作出规定,需要该公司减产石油,因此战略中并未提及这两项。

全球气候洞察(Global Climate Insights)于2021年发布的分析师研究报告显示,壳牌远未实现其承诺的减排45%的目标。分析师预计,根据其目前采取的战略,到2030年,净排放量将增加4%。

2021年荷兰壳牌诉讼案的主诉律师、气候诉讼律师罗杰·考克斯在英国《金融时报》(Financial Times)撰文表示,股东开始要求董事个人承担对抗气候变化不力的责任,体现了社会对企业承担气候责任的看法出现了“范式转变”。

在回应ClientEarth起诉其他董事会成员的决定时,壳牌指出,公司正在履行支持《巴黎协定》的全球战略:“应对气候变化这一重大挑战需要各方共同采取行动。我们现在面临着能源短缺问题,因此特别需要政府主导,采取有效政策,这样才可以在实现能源系统脱碳的同时,满足能源安全等关键需求。”

壳牌还简洁地补充道:“这些问题是无法通过诉讼来解决的。”(财富中文网)

译者:Transn

An environmental shareholder group is starting legal proceedings against the 13 directors of oil giant Shell, saying they bear individual responsibility for not cutting greenhouse gas emissions fast enough.

ClientEarth, an environmental law charity that has held shares in Shell since 2016, wants to hold Shell's board members legally and personally accountable for failing to adopt to a strategy that truly aligns with the 2015 Paris climate agreement. ClientEarth has been a Shell shareholder for the purposes of gaining investor information and voting rights in the company.

“Shell is seriously exposed to the physical and transitional risks of climate change, yet its climate plan is fundamentally flawed,” said ClientEarth lawyer Paul Benson in a statement. He added that if the company is promising to abide to the Paris agreement when it actually isn't, “then there is a risk of misleading investors and the market at large.”

ClientEarth says Shell’s commitments are not consistent with the Paris Agreement to stop the rise in temperature above 1.5C above pre-industrial levels and argue that if the company does not act, Shell’s directors are in breach of their obligations under the U.K. Companies Act to “act in a way that promotes the company’s success”. ClientEarth is encouraging other institutional investors to join its claim ahead of Shell’s annual meeting in May.

ClientEarth has a strong record of winning climate-related cases, winning three High Court rulings in the U.K. already where the litigation is due to take place.

And if that doesn't worry Shell, its recent history should. In May 2021, Shell lost in a landmark ruling in the Dutch Hague court brought by Friends of the Earth and over 17,000 co-plaintiffs, where the company was accused of being partly responsible for climate change and was ordered to reduce its emissions by 45% by 2030 compared with 2019 levels.

“The longer the board delays, the more likely it is that the company will have to execute an abrupt ‘handbrake turn’ to retain commercial competitiveness and meet the challenges of inevitable regulatory developments,” said Benson.

Delayed rulings

Shell has appealed against the landmark ruling in the Dutch court, arguing that it cannot be responsible for its scope 3 emissions, otherwise known as the carbon emitted from the oil and other products it sells, particularly when governments are doing little to curb consumer demand.

Shell has instead implemented its “energy transition strategy”—committing to cutting its carbon intensity of its scope 3 emissions by 20% by 2030 and 45% by 2035, compared with a 2016 baseline but not a reduction in absolute emissions or net carbon footprint emission intensity metric, which would require the oil company to drill less oil.

According to analyst research from Global Climate Insights from last year, Shell is far from its promised 45% reduction. Under its current strategy, the analysts predict a 4% rise in net emissions by 2030.

Climate litigator Roger Cox, who led the Dutch case against Shell last year, said in the FT that the effort by a shareholder to hold board directors personally accountable was a kind of “paradigm shift” in how society views corporate responsibility for climate change.

In response to ClientEarth’s decision to litigate against other members of the board, Shell said the company was delivering on its global strategy that supported the Paris Agreement. It added "addressing a challenge as big as climate change requires action from all quarters. The energy supply challenges we are seeing underscore the need for effective, government-led policies to address critical needs such as energy security while decarbonising our energy system.”

It succinctly added, “These challenges cannot be solved by litigation.”

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