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亚洲经济或能躲过奥密克戎这一劫

亚洲经济或能躲过奥密克戎这一劫

巴益明(Eamon Barrett) 2021-12-02
亚洲各地对新冠疫情的应对可能也会使奥密克戎对亚洲各经济体的影响出现差异。

新冠病毒的新变种奥密克戎(Omicron)的出现,可能会影响全球经济从新冠疫情中复苏的过程,因为各国为了遏制奥密克戎的传播,纷纷恢复了旅行限制。但摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)在11月28日的一份报告中指出,得益于高疫苗接种率,亚洲经济受到的影响可能没有那么大。

“相较于2021年中德尔塔变种在亚洲爆发引发的危机,当地现在的新冠疫苗接种水平比那时高多了。”摩根士丹利的研究人员说,“在12个经济体中,其中10个至少70%的人口已经接种了一剂疫苗。”

摩根士丹利列出的12个经济体分别是韩国、马来西亚、新加坡、澳大利亚、中国、日本、欧元区、印度、美国、中国香港、印度尼西亚和菲律宾,后两国的接种率分别只有63%和56%。但摩根士丹利预测,印度尼西亚和菲律宾将在三个月内实现第一针疫苗100%全覆盖。

目前,人们尚不清楚新冠疫苗对这种新毒株的保护率。以往的经验表明,疫苗对新变种的免疫效力往往没有原始毒株那么高,但注射疫苗可以降低感染后重症的风险。摩根士丹利对此持乐观态度,称“更大的可能性是,这种新变种会降低但不会完全消除疫苗的效力。”

摩根士丹利预计,奥密克戎将对亚洲经济构成短期风险,其影响在明年第一季度会最明显,最终“取决于新冠疫情的演变”。该机构认为,今年最后一季度,亚洲将保持1.9%的季度环比增长。

然而,摩根士丹利的预测有一个重要基础:最终证明奥密克戎并不比德尔塔“更具挑战性”。德尔塔变种自去年年底在印度出现后,已经成为全球的主流毒株。尽管早期迹象表明,新变种比德尔塔具有更高的传播能力,但科学家表示需要两周时间来更好地了解奥密克戎的毒性。

亚洲各地对新冠疫情的应对可能也会使奥密克戎对亚洲各经济体的影响出现差异。摩根士丹利称,奥密克戎对印度和东盟(ASEAN)造成直接影响的风险更大,因为这些经济体的边境相对开放,“当病例急剧上升时,往往会收紧限制”。

如果印度和东盟的制造商被迫暂停生产,可能会扰乱全球供应链。然而,由于中国严格的边境管控措施和“清零”政策,中国的制造业不太可能受到奥密克戎的直接影响。

摩根士丹利表示:“我们确实认为(奥密克戎对供应链的)影响将是暂时的,因为全球需求仍然十分旺盛,而且……还有大量积压的订单需要处理。”

与此同时,高盛集团(Goldman Sachs)推迟对其经济预测做出相应调整,拟待对奥密克戎有更多了解后再有针对性地进行修正。但高盛集团推测,新变种可能会给明年第一季度的全球经济增长带来2.5个百分点的负面影响。不过其仍然认为,与之前的新毒株相比,世界对奥密克戎的准备更加充分。

高盛集团的分析师在一份报告中称:“最终,奥密克戎可能对经济增长产生相当大的影响,而对医疗和经济方面的影响范围将十分广泛。”(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

新冠病毒的新变种奥密克戎(Omicron)的出现,可能会影响全球经济从新冠疫情中复苏的过程,因为各国为了遏制奥密克戎的传播,纷纷恢复了旅行限制。但摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)在11月28日的一份报告中指出,得益于高疫苗接种率,亚洲经济受到的影响可能没有那么大。

“相较于2021年中德尔塔变种在亚洲爆发引发的危机,当地现在的新冠疫苗接种水平比那时高多了。”摩根士丹利的研究人员说,“在12个经济体中,其中10个至少70%的人口已经接种了一剂疫苗。”

摩根士丹利列出的12个经济体分别是韩国、马来西亚、新加坡、澳大利亚、中国、日本、欧元区、印度、美国、中国香港、印度尼西亚和菲律宾,后两国的接种率分别只有63%和56%。但摩根士丹利预测,印度尼西亚和菲律宾将在三个月内实现第一针疫苗100%全覆盖。

目前,人们尚不清楚新冠疫苗对这种新毒株的保护率。以往的经验表明,疫苗对新变种的免疫效力往往没有原始毒株那么高,但注射疫苗可以降低感染后重症的风险。摩根士丹利对此持乐观态度,称“更大的可能性是,这种新变种会降低但不会完全消除疫苗的效力。”

摩根士丹利预计,奥密克戎将对亚洲经济构成短期风险,其影响在明年第一季度会最明显,最终“取决于新冠疫情的演变”。该机构认为,今年最后一季度,亚洲将保持1.9%的季度环比增长。

然而,摩根士丹利的预测有一个重要基础:最终证明奥密克戎并不比德尔塔“更具挑战性”。德尔塔变种自去年年底在印度出现后,已经成为全球的主流毒株。尽管早期迹象表明,新变种比德尔塔具有更高的传播能力,但科学家表示需要两周时间来更好地了解奥密克戎的毒性。

亚洲各地对新冠疫情的应对可能也会使奥密克戎对亚洲各经济体的影响出现差异。摩根士丹利称,奥密克戎对印度和东盟(ASEAN)造成直接影响的风险更大,因为这些经济体的边境相对开放,“当病例急剧上升时,往往会收紧限制”。

如果印度和东盟的制造商被迫暂停生产,可能会扰乱全球供应链。然而,由于中国严格的边境管控措施和“清零”政策,中国的制造业不太可能受到奥密克戎的直接影响。

摩根士丹利表示:“我们确实认为(奥密克戎对供应链的)影响将是暂时的,因为全球需求仍然十分旺盛,而且……还有大量积压的订单需要处理。”

与此同时,高盛集团(Goldman Sachs)推迟对其经济预测做出相应调整,拟待对奥密克戎有更多了解后再有针对性地进行修正。但高盛集团推测,新变种可能会给明年第一季度的全球经济增长带来2.5个百分点的负面影响。不过其仍然认为,与之前的新毒株相比,世界对奥密克戎的准备更加充分。

高盛集团的分析师在一份报告中称:“最终,奥密克戎可能对经济增长产生相当大的影响,而对医疗和经济方面的影响范围将十分广泛。”(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

The emergence of the new COVID-19 variant, called Omicron, could jeopardize the world’s economic recovery from the coronavirus pandemic, as economies reinstate travel restrictions to combat Omicron’s spread. But, in a report on November 28, Morgan Stanley said economic fallout would likely be limited in Asia, largely owing to high vaccination rates.

“Relative to the outbreak of the Delta variant in Asia in mid-2021, we now have much higher levels of vaccination,” Morgan Stanley researchers said. “Out of 12 economies, 10 already have at least 70% of their population inoculated with one dose of vaccine.”

The 12 economies Morgan Stanley lists are Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, China, Japan, the Euro Area, India, the U.S., Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the Philippines, with the latter two achieving only 63% and 56% coverage, respectively. But Morgan Stanley predicts Indonesia and the Philippines will achieve 100% first-dose coverage over the next three months.

Currently, little is known about the efficacy of vaccines on the new variant. Vaccines have proved less effective in preventing infection from previous COVID-19 variants, when compared to their efficacy at warding off the original virus, but the jabs have reduced the severity of infections from variants. Morgan Stanley is optimistic, saying “it is possible that the new variant may reduce but not eliminate vaccine efficacy.”

The bank expects Omicron will pose an immediate short-term risk to economies in Asia, with consequences most visible in the first quarter of next year, “depending on the evolution of the outbreak.” Morgan Stanley expects Asia will hold 1.9% quarter-on-quarter growth for the three months to December.

Morgan Stanley’s predictions, however, are based on a major caveat: that Omicron proves to be “not more challenging” than the Delta variant, which became the world’s dominant strain after emerging in India late last year. Although early indications suggest the new variant has higher transmissibility than the Delta variant, scientists say they need two weeks to better understand the virulence of Omicron.

Local responses to the pandemic will likely differentiate the economic fallout of Omicron across Asia, too. Omicron poses a greater immediate risk of disruption to India and ASEAN (the Association of Southeast Asian Nations), Morgan Stanley says, because those economies have relatively open borders and have “tended to tighten restrictions when cases rise sharply.”

Such a move could disrupt global supply lines, if manufacturers in India and ASEAN are forced to suspend production. However, manufacturing in China is unlikely to be directly impacted by Omicron, owing to the country’s strict border controls and “COVID-zero” policy.

“We do expect that the impact [of Omicron on supply chains] will be temporary—global demand is still running red-hot, and…there is a backlog of orders to work through,” Morgan Stanley says.

Meanwhile Goldman Sachs is holding off on making Omicron-related changes to its economic forecasts until more is known about the virus, but it speculates that the variant could stilt global economic growth by 2.5 percentage points in the first quarter of next year. Still the bank agrees that the world is better equipped to respond to Omicron than it was for previous variants.

“The upshot is that Omicron could have sizable growth effects, but that the range of medical and therefore economic outcomes remains unusually wide,” Goldman economists said in a note.

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