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房地产绿色革命抬头,拒绝零碳改造将面临“棕色折扣”

房地产绿色革命抬头,拒绝零碳改造将面临“棕色折扣”

Katherine Dunn 2021-11-18
英国某建筑遭遇“棕色折扣”,价格缩水约至三分之一。

房地产巨头仲量联行(Jones Lang LaSalle)的可持续发展服务全球负责人表示,房地产行业未来将要面临的趋势当下已经初见端倪:不具备可持续性的建筑物,其价值将面临“棕色折扣”。

“这一迹象已开始显露。”盖伊·格兰杰在格拉斯哥参加第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP26)的间隙对《财富》杂志说道,“我认为,在未来几年将会看到更多‘棕色折扣’的实例,而且对于那些已经具有可续发展性的建筑,它的力度明显大于‘绿色溢价’。”

他表示,欧洲和英国将首先面临这种压力。在一个较早期的案例中,英国的某栋建筑物遭遇“棕色折扣”,价格只剩原价的大约三分之一,格兰杰如此举例。“去年的时候,该建筑物做过相关估值,然后当你需要考虑向净零碳排放过渡的成本时,建筑物本身的价值就降低了30%。”

他指出,比较而言,净零碳建筑物的价值一般会有5%到12%的溢价增长,这就是所谓的绿色溢价。

仲量联行在全球80个市场区域中从事房地产管理、建造、购买和投资业务;2020年,这家总部位于美国芝加哥的公司在全球范围内管理着面积达54亿平方英尺的产权,其投资部门截至2020年年底拥有689亿美元的资产。

建筑物碳排放和碳足迹通常分为两个方面:与建筑物本身和建造原材料有关的排放,以及与已经存在的建筑物的运营及装修有关的排放和建筑垃圾,涵盖范围从建筑本身能源供给直至建筑内部桌椅家居陈设的全寿命周期。

格兰杰称,北半球地区所面临的挑战主要在于改造现有建筑,使之成为净零碳建筑,预计到2050年,北方世界仍将存在80%的非净零碳建筑。

“当我们把这些加在一起来看,数目是非常庞大的。”他说。继而举例补充道,在格拉斯哥,目前只有两座净零碳建筑。

“我们对于那里的观点是,风险远远大于机会。”他补充道。“这差不多算是一个机会,可以创造一个有弹性的长期实物资产。这是它能够带来的机会。但它的风险是,如果你不进行改造,那么你的建筑物价值就将开始真真切切地下降,因为你还没有评估过渡成本。”

格兰杰指出,房地产业仍然处于非常早期的阶段,行业无法准确地描绘出政府监管和消费者需求(包括来自租户的需求,他们往往也有自己的净零碳排放目标)将如何影响建筑的经济价值,以及折扣政策可能在何时启动。

"如果是这样,是否会影响银行的贷款方式?是否会影响保险公司对这些建筑的保险方式?这些都是必须要解决的问题。”

格兰杰指出,上周宣布成立的“格拉斯哥金融净零联盟”(Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero),他们整体负责着130万亿美元的资产;而联盟的成立是一个迹象,表明银行在决定给谁贷款以及如何贷款时,将有越来越多地要求具体的过渡计划。

“我是否要为这栋价值1亿美元的办公大楼贷款?如果它有一个可靠的过渡计划,能够达到净零碳排放,那么我会。”他说。“这将改变游戏规则。”

他表示,不同于实现建筑净零碳排放过渡的经济效益,“棕色折扣”大概率是持续性的。

“绿色溢价是暂时性的。我们必须清楚这么一个假设,这些建筑物将会在未来的某一时刻全部实现净零碳排放。而到那时,绿色溢价也将随之消失。”(财富中文网)

译者:Transn

房地产巨头仲量联行(Jones Lang LaSalle)的可持续发展服务全球负责人表示,房地产行业未来将要面临的趋势当下已经初见端倪:不具备可持续性的建筑物,其价值将面临“棕色折扣”。

“这一迹象已开始显露。”盖伊·格兰杰在格拉斯哥参加第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP26)的间隙对《财富》杂志说道,“我认为,在未来几年将会看到更多‘棕色折扣’的实例,而且对于那些已经具有可续发展性的建筑,它的力度明显大于‘绿色溢价’。”

他表示,欧洲和英国将首先面临这种压力。在一个较早期的案例中,英国的某栋建筑物遭遇“棕色折扣”,价格只剩原价的大约三分之一,格兰杰如此举例。“去年的时候,该建筑物做过相关估值,然后当你需要考虑向净零碳排放过渡的成本时,建筑物本身的价值就降低了30%。”

他指出,比较而言,净零碳建筑物的价值一般会有5%到12%的溢价增长,这就是所谓的绿色溢价。

仲量联行在全球80个市场区域中从事房地产管理、建造、购买和投资业务;2020年,这家总部位于美国芝加哥的公司在全球范围内管理着面积达54亿平方英尺的产权,其投资部门截至2020年年底拥有689亿美元的资产。

建筑物碳排放和碳足迹通常分为两个方面:与建筑物本身和建造原材料有关的排放,以及与已经存在的建筑物的运营及装修有关的排放和建筑垃圾,涵盖范围从建筑本身能源供给直至建筑内部桌椅家居陈设的全寿命周期。

格兰杰称,北半球地区所面临的挑战主要在于改造现有建筑,使之成为净零碳建筑,预计到2050年,北方世界仍将存在80%的非净零碳建筑。

“当我们把这些加在一起来看,数目是非常庞大的。”他说。继而举例补充道,在格拉斯哥,目前只有两座净零碳建筑。

“我们对于那里的观点是,风险远远大于机会。”他补充道。“这差不多算是一个机会,可以创造一个有弹性的长期实物资产。这是它能够带来的机会。但它的风险是,如果你不进行改造,那么你的建筑物价值就将开始真真切切地下降,因为你还没有评估过渡成本。”

格兰杰指出,房地产业仍然处于非常早期的阶段,行业无法准确地描绘出政府监管和消费者需求(包括来自租户的需求,他们往往也有自己的净零碳排放目标)将如何影响建筑的经济价值,以及折扣政策可能在何时启动。

"如果是这样,是否会影响银行的贷款方式?是否会影响保险公司对这些建筑的保险方式?这些都是必须要解决的问题。”

格兰杰指出,上周宣布成立的“格拉斯哥金融净零联盟”(Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero),他们整体负责着130万亿美元的资产;而联盟的成立是一个迹象,表明银行在决定给谁贷款以及如何贷款时,将有越来越多地要求具体的过渡计划。

“我是否要为这栋价值1亿美元的办公大楼贷款?如果它有一个可靠的过渡计划,能够达到净零碳排放,那么我会。”他说。“这将改变游戏规则。”

他表示,不同于实现建筑净零碳排放过渡的经济效益,“棕色折扣”大概率是持续性的。

“绿色溢价是暂时性的。我们必须清楚这么一个假设,这些建筑物将会在未来的某一时刻全部实现净零碳排放。而到那时,绿色溢价也将随之消失。”(财富中文网)

译者:Transn

The real estate industry is seeing signs that buildings that aren't sustainable will face a "brown discount" on their value, says the global head of sustainability services at real estate giant Jones Lang LaSalle.

"We're just starting to see it," said Guy Grainger, speaking to Fortune on the sidelines of the COP26 climate conference in Glasgow. “I think over the next few years, we’ll see more examples of ‘brown discount,’ and it’s significantly larger than a ‘green premium’” for those buildings that have been made sustainable.

The pressure was coming to Europe and the U.K. first, he said. In one very early case, a building in the U.K. was hit with a "brown discount" of about a third of its price, Grainger said. "It was valued last year at a certain level, and then when you took into account the costs of transitioning it to net-zero carbon, then the price was reduced by 30%."

That's compared to a general 5% to 12% increase in value for a net-zero building, he said—a so-called green premium.

Jones Lang LaSalle, known as JLL, manages, builds, buys, and invests in real estate in 80 markets; the Chicago-headquartered company managed 5.4 billion square feet globally in 2020, and its investment arm had $68.9 billion under assets at the end of the year.

Emissions and the footprint of buildings are typically divided into two areas: the emissions associated with construction and raw materials used to create the building, and the emissions and waste associated with operating and furnishing buildings that already exist, from their energy sources to the life cycle of the chairs and supplies inside.

In the Northern Hemisphere, the challenge will be largely in retrofitting existing buildings to make them net zero, says Grainger, as 80% of the buildings in the Global North are expected to still exist in 2050.

"When you add that up, it's enormous," he said. In the city of Glasgow, for example, there are only two net-zero buildings, he added.

"What we're saying there, is the risk is far greater than the opportunity," he added. "It's almost like the opportunity is to create a resilient long-term, real asset. That's the opportunity. The risk is, if you don't, the value is going to start really, really dropping because you're not pricing in that transitionary cost."

Grainger noted that the real estate industry was still in the very early stages of mapping out exactly how government regulation and consumer demand—including from tenants, who now themselves often have net-zero targets—would shape the economics of a building, and when a discount might kick in.

"And if so, does that affect the way banks lend on it? Does it affect the way insurance insures these buildings? That's got to be worked out," he said.

Grainger pointed to last week's announcement of the Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero, which now covers $130 trillion in assets, as a sign that banks will increasingly look for concrete transitional plans when they decide where and how to lend.

"Am I going to lend on this $100 million office block? Well, I will if it's got a credible transition plan to net-zero carbon," he said. "That's a game changer."

The "brown discount" was likely to stick around, he said—unlike the financial benefits of transitioning a building toward net zero.

"A green premium is kind of temporary. We've got to assume that all these buildings will be net-zero carbon at some point. So at that point, green premiums—gone."

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