在美国抵制新冠疫苗会有什么后果？
随着新冠疫苗接种运动以不同的速度展开，一个很大的问题逐渐浮现出来，即一些民众有可能沦为“二等公民”——但愿这只是暂时的。
以色列正在开展世界上最快速的新冠疫苗接种运动（尽管这并没有使其免于实施新一轮的严格封锁措施）。该国卫生部公布了一份“绿色护照”，允许接种疫苗的人参加大规模集会和体育赛事等活动。此外，这些护照也可能会被酒店、商场和餐馆使用。
而在位于世界另一端的洛杉矶县，疫苗接种者正在获得一个存储在其智能手机上的数字记录。它最终可能用作演唱会入场券或航班登机凭证。
一些航空公司非常热衷于这个想法，认为这有助于航空业回归准常态。澳洲航空（Qantas）在一个月前表示，今年将以接种疫苗作为乘客登机的先决条件。这比航空业此前推动的标准防疫措施更进一步。各大航空公司目前要求乘客至少在出发前接受了检测。
这场围绕疫苗接种者是否应该获得优待的争论包含了许许多多的因素，涉及从行为到伦理等方方面面。获得众多好处的前景是否会促使怀疑论者接种疫苗？抑或，拒绝给予这些好处，会被视为疫苗接种运动是某种威权主义阴谋的证据？那些因为个人医疗状况、政府未能迅速为人们接种等原因而无法接种疫苗的人呢？
对于美国官员来说，这些困境难免牵扯到向来都需要平衡把握的人权领域。因此，他们必须得小心行事，以免违背宪法理念。
但企业呢？许多公司无疑也要梳理法律方面的影响。但是，特别是在这方面没有官方规则的情况下，摆在它们面前的重大问题是，它们将不得不决定是否要继续平等对待所有客户。
例如，一旦相当大比例的当地民众接种了新冠疫苗，零售连锁店是否会面临压力，让接种过疫苗的人不戴口罩就进入门店？届时，抵制疫苗的人是否会抱怨自己受到了歧视？此外，目前还没有一种疫苗被授权用于儿童，这是否意味着影院经营者可能会歧视年轻的电影观众？
从某种意义上说，能够提出这些问题本身就是件好事。千万不要忘记，在新冠疫情爆发不到一年的时候，疫苗就已经开始推广了，这是多么不可思议的事情。但我当然不知道答案是什么，所以很想看看它们是如何成为现实的。（财富中文网）
译者：任文科
随着新冠疫苗接种运动以不同的速度展开，一个很大的问题逐渐浮现出来，即一些民众有可能沦为“二等公民”——但愿这只是暂时的。
以色列正在开展世界上最快速的新冠疫苗接种运动（尽管这并没有使其免于实施新一轮的严格封锁措施）。该国卫生部公布了一份“绿色护照”，允许接种疫苗的人参加大规模集会和体育赛事等活动。此外，这些护照也可能会被酒店、商场和餐馆使用。
而在位于世界另一端的洛杉矶县，疫苗接种者正在获得一个存储在其智能手机上的数字记录。它最终可能用作演唱会入场券或航班登机凭证。
一些航空公司非常热衷于这个想法，认为这有助于航空业回归准常态。澳洲航空（Qantas）在一个月前表示，今年将以接种疫苗作为乘客登机的先决条件。这比航空业此前推动的标准防疫措施更进一步。各大航空公司目前要求乘客至少在出发前接受了检测。
这场围绕疫苗接种者是否应该获得优待的争论包含了许许多多的因素，涉及从行为到伦理等方方面面。获得众多好处的前景是否会促使怀疑论者接种疫苗？抑或，拒绝给予这些好处，会被视为疫苗接种运动是某种威权主义阴谋的证据？那些因为个人医疗状况、政府未能迅速为人们接种等原因而无法接种疫苗的人呢？
对于美国官员来说，这些困境难免牵扯到向来都需要平衡把握的人权领域。因此，他们必须得小心行事，以免违背宪法理念。
但企业呢？许多公司无疑也要梳理法律方面的影响。但是，特别是在这方面没有官方规则的情况下，摆在它们面前的重大问题是，它们将不得不决定是否要继续平等对待所有客户。
例如，一旦相当大比例的当地民众接种了新冠疫苗，零售连锁店是否会面临压力，让接种过疫苗的人不戴口罩就进入门店？届时，抵制疫苗的人是否会抱怨自己受到了歧视？此外，目前还没有一种疫苗被授权用于儿童，这是否意味着影院经营者可能会歧视年轻的电影观众？
从某种意义上说，能够提出这些问题本身就是件好事。千万不要忘记，在新冠疫情爆发不到一年的时候，疫苗就已经开始推广了，这是多么不可思议的事情。但我当然不知道答案是什么，所以很想看看它们是如何成为现实的。（财富中文网）
译者：任文科
As vaccination drives roll out at varying speeds, there's a big question mark over the issue of what may become—hopefully temporarily—a two-tiered populace.
In Israel, which is running the world's speediest COVID-19 inoculation campaign (though that hasn't warded off the need for a tight new lockdown), the health ministry has unveiled a "green passport" that will allow vaccinated people to do things like attend mass gatherings and sporting events. It said the passports will also probably be used by hotels, malls and restaurants.
On the other side of the world, in Los Angeles County, vaccine recipients are getting a digital record, stored on their smartphones, that could end up being used for entrance to concerts or flights.
Some airlines are quite keen on the idea, as a way to return to quasi-normality. Qantas said a month ago that it would require passengers to be vaccinated first if they are to get on-board this year—a step beyond the industry-wide push for a standardized way to show that passengers have at least been tested before departure.
The debate over preferential treatment for vaccinated people is one that's loaded with many, many factors ranging from the behavioral to the ethical. Would the promise of benefits push skeptics to become vaccinated, or would their withholding be seen as evidence of the vaccination drive being some kind of authoritarian conspiracy? What about people who can't get vaccinated, for reasons ranging from their personal medical circumstances, to the failure of governments to inoculate people quickly enough?
For officials, these quandaries veer into the territory of human rights—always a balancing act, so they will have to tread carefully due to the constitutional implications.
But what about businesses? Many will undoubtedly have to comb through legal implications too, but, especially in the absence of official rules on the subject, their big issue will be deciding whether or not to continue treating all their customers equally.
For example, once a sizeable proportion of the local populace has been inoculated against COVID-19, will retail chains face pressure to let vaccinated people into their outlets without a mask? Will vaccine resisters then complain that they're being discriminated against? None of the currently-available vaccines are authorized for use in kids—does that mean cinema operators might have to discriminate against young moviegoers?
In a sense, it's great to be able to ask these questions—let's never forget how incredible it is that vaccines are already being rolled out, barely a year into the pandemic. But I certainly don't know what the answers are, and I'm fascinated to see how they materialize.
